認(rèn)同視角下的韓國語言政策研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-17 11:44
【摘要】：語言政策和語言規(guī)劃,作為一個(gè)新興的學(xué)科,正在引起相關(guān)領(lǐng)域?qū)W者們的關(guān)注和重視�！岸�(zhàn)”之后,許多新興民族獨(dú)立國家,都面臨著一個(gè)共同的語言問題,即國語和官方語言的選擇問題。語言政策和語言規(guī)劃研究,正是在這一時(shí)期,作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的學(xué)術(shù)研究領(lǐng)域,出現(xiàn)并蓬勃發(fā)展起來。20世紀(jì)90年代,西方許多學(xué)者開始從社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治等不同角度深入探討語言政策與規(guī)劃中的諸如語言消亡、語言復(fù)興、語言變異、語言接觸、語言轉(zhuǎn)用以及語言傳播與擴(kuò)張等問題,語言政策和語言規(guī)劃的研究范圍逐漸擴(kuò)大。與西方相比,中國的語言政策研究起步更晚,研究成果也較少。但是進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)后,語言政策和語言規(guī)劃研究,逐漸引起了中國學(xué)者的重視,特別是近幾年來,相關(guān)研究也逐漸增多。其中,語言政策的國別研究是國內(nèi)學(xué)者關(guān)注的一個(gè)重點(diǎn),近幾年,國內(nèi)先后出現(xiàn)了美國、澳大利亞、法國及歐盟的語言政策研究。但是,關(guān)于中國的亞洲鄰國的語言政策研究還較少。韓國作為中國一衣帶水的鄰邦,韓國的語言文化、語言生態(tài)及語言政策方面,都與中國有許多相似的地方。通過對韓國語言政策的全方位的考察、剖析,可以找到值得我國的語言規(guī)劃借鑒及規(guī)避之處。因此,本文對韓國政府工作報(bào)告、法律條文、新聞報(bào)道等進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的查閱,并輔以大量相關(guān)韓文文獻(xiàn)(論文、著作),進(jìn)行梳理、分析。重點(diǎn)對韓國的國語政策、移民語言政策及外語政策進(jìn)行了歷時(shí)和共時(shí)的研究。歷時(shí)層面,從國家需要、國家利益、意識形態(tài)等方面,分析了韓國語言政策的動因機(jī)制、發(fā)展演變等。共時(shí)層面,運(yùn)用文本分析的方法,對每個(gè)階段的語言政策文本都進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的解讀,總結(jié)了每個(gè)階段語言政策的重點(diǎn)和特點(diǎn),并結(jié)合問卷調(diào)查和訪談的方法,對幾個(gè)語言政策的效果進(jìn)行了分析和評價(jià)。并在此基礎(chǔ)上,指出了新時(shí)期韓國的語言生活和語言政策面臨的幾大問題:母語安全危機(jī)、多元文化家庭的語言權(quán)利和語言資源問題、英語教育的“費(fèi)時(shí)低效”問題、語言文化單一性等問題。最后,在對問題進(jìn)行全面梳理的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合韓國政府提出的“培養(yǎng)世界公民”的戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)想,指出了韓國語言政策的改進(jìn)措施�？偨Y(jié)部分,梳理了韓國語言政策的價(jià)值取向特征及其中存在的問題,并指出了韓國語言政策的未來發(fā)展方向。通過對韓國語言政策的梳理,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)韓國在語言政策的制定上,始終堅(jiān)持了民族認(rèn)同和權(quán)力認(rèn)同為主導(dǎo)的價(jià)值取向。在韓國光復(fù)初期,以民族認(rèn)同為主導(dǎo)的國語醇化政策和韓文專用政策,在一定程度上,促進(jìn)了大韓民族的民族認(rèn)同,增強(qiáng)了韓民族的民族自尊心和自信心,鞏固了國家的統(tǒng)一。但是,現(xiàn)階段,韓國已脫離單一民族社會而開始進(jìn)入多元文化社會。而韓國政府仍堅(jiān)持“民族認(rèn)同”為主導(dǎo)的價(jià)值取向,表現(xiàn)在具體的語言政策上,即對多元文化家庭子女進(jìn)行單一的韓國語教育政策,這顯然剝奪了多元文化家庭子女的雙語教育權(quán)利,也造成了韓國語言資源的浪費(fèi)。而以權(quán)力認(rèn)同為主導(dǎo)的外語教育政策的價(jià)值取向,導(dǎo)致英語教育在韓國一家獨(dú)大,其他語種發(fā)展緩慢;國民的母語認(rèn)同弱化,對多元文化的包容度較低。本文認(rèn)為,在現(xiàn)階段,韓國語言政策的價(jià)值取向必須作出調(diào)整,建立超越“民族認(rèn)同”的“國家認(rèn)同”意識,在強(qiáng)調(diào)國語的重要地位的同時(shí),提高國內(nèi)其他移民語言的地位,保護(hù)移民家庭的語言權(quán)利。同時(shí),樹立“多元文化認(rèn)同”的理念,加大對英語以外的其他外語語種的支援力度,促進(jìn)韓國外語語種的均衡發(fā)展和多元文化的發(fā)展。只有在堅(jiān)持“國家認(rèn)同”的基礎(chǔ)上,加強(qiáng)“多元文化認(rèn)同”,才能適應(yīng)現(xiàn)階段韓國社會發(fā)展的需要,維護(hù)韓國社會的統(tǒng)一,實(shí)現(xiàn)韓國的“世界公民”戰(zhàn)略。本文在系統(tǒng)、全面地理清韓國語言政策的演變發(fā)展的同時(shí),力求以客觀的角度對其進(jìn)行解釋和評價(jià),不僅肯定了韓國語言政策取得的一些積極效果,也以具體的數(shù)據(jù)為支撐,指出了韓國在語言政策的制定及實(shí)施等方面存在的一些問題和缺失。由于韓國語言政策的研究在國內(nèi)較少,因此,本文不僅可以豐富我國語言政策的國別研究的內(nèi)容,亦可以豐富語言政策和語言規(guī)劃學(xué)科的內(nèi)容。同時(shí),通過對韓國語言政策的研究,我們可以借鑒其經(jīng)驗(yàn),規(guī)避其錯(cuò)誤,為我國語言政策制定提供有效的參考和借鑒。
[Abstract]:Language policy and language planning, as a new discipline, are attracting attention and attention from relevant field scholars. World War II After that, many newly independent nations face a common language problem, namely, the choice of the official language and the official language. Language policy and language planning research, in this period, as an independent academic research field, appeared and flourished. In the 1990s, many western scholars began to learn from the society, economy, The research scope of language policy and language planning is gradually enlarged, such as language disappearance, language revival, language variation, language contact, language conversion, language communication and expansion, etc. Compared with the West, China's language policy research is beginning to be late and the research results are small. However, after entering the 21st century, the research of language policy and language planning has gradually attracted the attention of Chinese scholars, especially in recent years. Among them, the country study of language policy is a focus of domestic scholars' concern. In recent years, the language policy research of the United States, Australia, France and the European Union has appeared in China. However, the language policy research on China's Asian neighbours is still relatively small. South Korea has many similarities with China as China's one-in-one garment, Korean language culture, language ecology and language policy. Through an all-round investigation and analysis of Korean language policy, we can find the reference and circumvention point worthy of our country's language planning. Therefore, this paper makes careful examination of the Korean government's work report, legal provisions, news reports and so on, and supplemented with a great deal of related literature (papers and works) to carry out carding and analysis. The emphasis is on Korean policy, immigration language policy and foreign language policy. This paper analyzes the motivation mechanism and evolution of Korean language policy from the aspects of country needs, national interests, ideology and so on. At the same time, using the method of text analysis, the text of the language policy of each stage is carefully interpreted, the key points and characteristics of each stage language policy are summarized, and the effects of several language policies are analyzed and evaluated according to the methods of questionnaire survey and interview. On the basis of this, it points out the problems faced by Korean language life and language policy in the new period: mother tongue security crisis, language rights and language resources of multi-cultural families, etc. "Time-consuming inefficiencies" Issues, language and cultural singleness, etc. Finally, on the basis of the comprehensive carding of the problem, combining with the Korean government's proposal," Culture of the World's Citizens" The strategic concept of Korean language policy is pointed out, and the improvement measures of Korean language policy are pointed out. The paper sums up the value orientation feature of Korean language policy and its existing problems, and points out the future development direction of Korean language policy. Through the carding of Korean language policy, we find that Korea has always adhered to the value orientation of national identity and power identity in the formulation of language policy. In the early Republic of Korea, the national identity of the Han nationality was promoted, and the national identity and self-confidence of the Han nationality were strengthened, and the unification of the country was consolidated. However, at this stage, South Korea has become a multi-cultural society from a single national society. And the South Korean government insists that "Ethnic Identity" The dominant value orientation is manifested in the specific language policy, namely, the single Korean language education policy is carried out on the children of the multicultural family, which obviously deprived the bilingual education right of the children of the multicultural family, and also caused the waste of Korean language resources. However, the value orientation of the foreign language education policy dominated by the power identity leads to the slow development of the foreign language in the Korean family, the slow development of other languages, the weakening of the national identity of the national, and the low inclusion degree of the multiculturalism. In this paper, the value orientation of Korean language policy must be adjusted to establish transcendence at the present stage. "Ethnic Identity" visionless" National identity "Consciousness, while emphasizing the important status of immigrants, improves the status of other domestic immigrant languages and protects the language rights of immigrant families. At the same time, set up" Multicultural Identification "The idea is to strengthen the support of other foreign languages other than English, and to promote the balanced development of foreign languages in Korea and the development of multiculturalism. It's only one thing." National identity "on the basis of strengthening" Multicultural Identification "In order to meet the needs of the social development of Korea at the present stage, it is necessary to safeguard the unity of Korean society and realize the Korean society" World Citizens" Strategy. At the same time, the paper tries to explain and evaluate the Korean language policy at an objective angle. It not only confirms some positive effects of Korean language policy, but also supports it with concrete data. This paper points out some problems and deficiencies of Korea in the formulation and implementation of language policy. Since the research of Korean language policy is relatively small in China, this paper not only can enrich the content of the country research of our country's language policy, but also enrich the content of the language policy and the language planning subject. At the same time, through the study of Korean language policy, we can draw lessons from its experience, avoid mistakes, and provide effective reference and reference for the development of Chinese language policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H002
本文編號：2276550
[Abstract]:Language policy and language planning, as a new discipline, are attracting attention and attention from relevant field scholars. World War II After that, many newly independent nations face a common language problem, namely, the choice of the official language and the official language. Language policy and language planning research, in this period, as an independent academic research field, appeared and flourished. In the 1990s, many western scholars began to learn from the society, economy, The research scope of language policy and language planning is gradually enlarged, such as language disappearance, language revival, language variation, language contact, language conversion, language communication and expansion, etc. Compared with the West, China's language policy research is beginning to be late and the research results are small. However, after entering the 21st century, the research of language policy and language planning has gradually attracted the attention of Chinese scholars, especially in recent years. Among them, the country study of language policy is a focus of domestic scholars' concern. In recent years, the language policy research of the United States, Australia, France and the European Union has appeared in China. However, the language policy research on China's Asian neighbours is still relatively small. South Korea has many similarities with China as China's one-in-one garment, Korean language culture, language ecology and language policy. Through an all-round investigation and analysis of Korean language policy, we can find the reference and circumvention point worthy of our country's language planning. Therefore, this paper makes careful examination of the Korean government's work report, legal provisions, news reports and so on, and supplemented with a great deal of related literature (papers and works) to carry out carding and analysis. The emphasis is on Korean policy, immigration language policy and foreign language policy. This paper analyzes the motivation mechanism and evolution of Korean language policy from the aspects of country needs, national interests, ideology and so on. At the same time, using the method of text analysis, the text of the language policy of each stage is carefully interpreted, the key points and characteristics of each stage language policy are summarized, and the effects of several language policies are analyzed and evaluated according to the methods of questionnaire survey and interview. On the basis of this, it points out the problems faced by Korean language life and language policy in the new period: mother tongue security crisis, language rights and language resources of multi-cultural families, etc. "Time-consuming inefficiencies" Issues, language and cultural singleness, etc. Finally, on the basis of the comprehensive carding of the problem, combining with the Korean government's proposal," Culture of the World's Citizens" The strategic concept of Korean language policy is pointed out, and the improvement measures of Korean language policy are pointed out. The paper sums up the value orientation feature of Korean language policy and its existing problems, and points out the future development direction of Korean language policy. Through the carding of Korean language policy, we find that Korea has always adhered to the value orientation of national identity and power identity in the formulation of language policy. In the early Republic of Korea, the national identity of the Han nationality was promoted, and the national identity and self-confidence of the Han nationality were strengthened, and the unification of the country was consolidated. However, at this stage, South Korea has become a multi-cultural society from a single national society. And the South Korean government insists that "Ethnic Identity" The dominant value orientation is manifested in the specific language policy, namely, the single Korean language education policy is carried out on the children of the multicultural family, which obviously deprived the bilingual education right of the children of the multicultural family, and also caused the waste of Korean language resources. However, the value orientation of the foreign language education policy dominated by the power identity leads to the slow development of the foreign language in the Korean family, the slow development of other languages, the weakening of the national identity of the national, and the low inclusion degree of the multiculturalism. In this paper, the value orientation of Korean language policy must be adjusted to establish transcendence at the present stage. "Ethnic Identity" visionless" National identity "Consciousness, while emphasizing the important status of immigrants, improves the status of other domestic immigrant languages and protects the language rights of immigrant families. At the same time, set up" Multicultural Identification "The idea is to strengthen the support of other foreign languages other than English, and to promote the balanced development of foreign languages in Korea and the development of multiculturalism. It's only one thing." National identity "on the basis of strengthening" Multicultural Identification "In order to meet the needs of the social development of Korea at the present stage, it is necessary to safeguard the unity of Korean society and realize the Korean society" World Citizens" Strategy. At the same time, the paper tries to explain and evaluate the Korean language policy at an objective angle. It not only confirms some positive effects of Korean language policy, but also supports it with concrete data. This paper points out some problems and deficiencies of Korea in the formulation and implementation of language policy. Since the research of Korean language policy is relatively small in China, this paper not only can enrich the content of the country research of our country's language policy, but also enrich the content of the language policy and the language planning subject. At the same time, through the study of Korean language policy, we can draw lessons from its experience, avoid mistakes, and provide effective reference and reference for the development of Chinese language policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H002
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