【摘要】：普通語文詞典在釋義時要求對條目作出“語詞性解釋”,提供有關(guān)該詞條的信息,這就要求普通語文詞典從多個層面對同義詞進行釋義。本文以《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》(第七版)(以下簡稱《現(xiàn)漢》)和《現(xiàn)代漢語規(guī)范詞典》(第三版)(以下簡稱《規(guī)范》)為藍本,考察普通語文詞典中對同義詞區(qū)分適當(dāng)與否,分析同義詞群間區(qū)分失當(dāng)?shù)脑?并提出相應(yīng)的改進策略,以期進一步提高普通語文詞典中同義詞釋義效度。本研究第一章闡述了普通語文詞典中對同義詞區(qū)分度研究的目的和意義,并介紹了國內(nèi)外對同義詞釋義已有的研究,指出了該領(lǐng)域目前國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展趨勢以及文章的研究內(nèi)容和方法。第二章基于同義詞辨析的視角,從義值、義域、語法意義和語用意義四個層面考察普通語文詞典對同義詞群所做出的區(qū)分。將四個層面進一步細分為27個細目,從義位重點、義位輕重、語體陪義、情態(tài)陪義、義位范圍大小、使用范圍大小、范疇意義和功能意義等細目入手分析普通語文詞典中對同義詞群所做出的區(qū)分適當(dāng)?shù)姆独?并將區(qū)分度不高的現(xiàn)象從釋語相似區(qū)分度不高和同義詞群內(nèi)部成員釋義不周區(qū)分度不高兩個方面進行分類研究。第三章針對前一章區(qū)分度不高的現(xiàn)象探究其原因:首先,同義詞群規(guī)模龐大、詞義本身的復(fù)雜性都增加了同義詞群間的區(qū)分難度;其次,同義詞群常采用同義對釋進行釋義,這種釋義方法本身存在先天不足;最后,普通語文詞典不同于同義詞詞典,同義詞群常分散在詞典的各個角落,缺乏系統(tǒng)地照應(yīng)也是造成同義詞群間區(qū)分度不高的一個重要因素。第四章針對文中區(qū)分度不高的問題提出一些改進策略:結(jié)合生成詞庫理論,根據(jù)不同詞類的語法特點,從名詞、動詞和形容詞三個角度對第二章中區(qū)分度不高的例子提出改進建議,以期進一步完善普通語文詞典中的同義詞釋義問題,提高同義詞群間的區(qū)分度。
[Abstract]:The common language dictionary requires "lexical interpretation" of the entry to provide information about the entry, which requires the common language dictionary to interpret synonyms from many levels. Taking the Modern Chinese Dictionary (seventh edition) (hereafter referred to as "Xianhan") and the "Modern Chinese Standard Dictionary" (the third edition) as the model, this paper investigates whether the common Chinese dictionary is suitable for distinguishing synonyms. This paper analyzes the causes of the misdifferentiation among synonym groups and puts forward corresponding improvement strategies in order to further improve the validity of synonym interpretation in the common Chinese dictionary. In the first chapter of this study, the purpose and significance of the study on synonym differentiation in general Chinese dictionaries are described, and the existing researches on synonym interpretation both at home and abroad are introduced. The development trend at home and abroad and the research contents and methods in this field are pointed out. The second chapter, based on synonym discrimination, examines the distinctions of synonyms in common Chinese dictionaries from four aspects: semantic value, semantic domain, grammatical meaning and pragmatic meaning. The four levels are further subdivided into 27 details, from the focus of the sememe, the severity of the meaning, the style of the meaning, the modality, the scope of the meaning, the scope of the use, the scope of use, Starting with the breakdown of category meaning and functional meaning, this paper analyzes the proper examples of distinguishing synonyms in common Chinese dictionaries. And the phenomenon of low degree of differentiation is studied from two aspects: the low degree of similarity in interpretation and the low degree of definition of members in synonyms. The third chapter aims at the phenomenon of low discrimination in the previous chapter: firstly, the large scale of synonym group and the complexity of the word itself increase the difficulty of distinguishing the synonym group; secondly, synonym group often uses synonyms to interpret the interpretation. This method of interpretation is inherently flawed; finally, the common Chinese dictionary is different from the synonym dictionary, where synonyms are often scattered in every corner of the dictionary. Lack of systematic anaphora is also an important factor for the low degree of discrimination among synonyms. In the fourth chapter, some improvement strategies are put forward to solve the problem of low degree of distinction: combining with the theory of generating lexicon, according to the grammatical characteristics of different parts of speech, From the three angles of verb and adjective, some suggestions are put forward to improve the definition of synonyms in Chinese dictionaries and to improve the classification of synonyms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H164

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