【摘要】：現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)里,求免義目的小句的標(biāo)記,絕大多數(shù)時(shí)候居于句首,偶爾位于句中。求免義目的小句通常負(fù)載新信息,這使得它幾乎總是后置于行為小句。求免義目的小句的主語(yǔ)論元存在顯性編碼和隱性編碼兩種形式,但大多數(shù)時(shí)候采用后者。不管采用何種編碼,它們?cè)谡Z(yǔ)義上大都受行為小句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)的約束。求免義目的小句表達(dá)的事件或狀態(tài)常常是人們不希望發(fā)生的,正是語(yǔ)義上的這一限制,求免義目的小句呈現(xiàn)出肯定與否定的不對(duì)稱:不論行為小句是肯定句還是否定句,目的小句絕大多數(shù)為肯定句。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, the mark of the purposive clause is mostly at the beginning of the sentence and occasionally in the sentence. The purposive clause is usually loaded with new information, which makes it almost always later placed in the behavior clause. There are two forms of explicit coding and implicit coding in the subject argument of the purposive clause, but the latter is used most of the time. Regardless of the coding, most of them are semantically bound by the subject, object or attribute of the behavior clause. The events or states expressed in the purposive clause of seeking exemption are often something people do not wish to happen. It is precisely this semantic limitation that the purposive clause of seeking exemption presents an asymmetry between positive and negative: whether the behavior clause is a positive sentence or a negative one. The purpose clause is mostly a positive sentence.
【作者單位】： 北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)語(yǔ)言研究所;
【基金】：國(guó)家社科基金一般項(xiàng)目“否定與幾個(gè)相關(guān)范疇的互動(dòng)研究”(編號(hào):15BYY132)的資助
【分類號(hào)】：H146.3
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本文編號(hào)：2195519