【摘要】：近年來,隨著對隱喻研究的不斷重視,國內(nèi)外眾多領(lǐng)域都掀起了隱喻研究的熱潮。在早期的傳統(tǒng)研究中,隱喻被視為一種修辭手段。而現(xiàn)代認(rèn)知語言學(xué)卻認(rèn)為,隱喻是一種思維方式,是人們認(rèn)識世界的一種途徑。Lakoff和Johnson更是在著作Metaphors We Live By中對隱喻進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡釋,隱喻共分為三大類:方位隱喻,本體隱喻和結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻,其工作機(jī)制的關(guān)鍵就是尋找源域和目標(biāo)域之間的相似之處并建立聯(lián)系,此外,隱喻還具有一定的特征和功能。本文便是基于他們所提出的概念隱喻理論,以政府工作報告為研究目標(biāo)。政府工作報告是重要的官方文件,不僅包括對前一年工作的總結(jié),也包括對當(dāng)年工作的具體安排以及對未來的展望,為各個領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展以及整個國家的進(jìn)步指明了方向,具有重要的意義。本文著重研究改革開放之后的政府工作報告的概念隱喻使用情況,以五年計劃為依據(jù),共選取了8篇作為研究對象�？傮w上回答三個方面的問題:1.政府工作報告中的主要隱喻類型以及其運(yùn)行機(jī)制;2.這些類型的歷時分布情況;3.隱喻在政治話語以及政府和民眾的關(guān)系中發(fā)揮了怎樣的作用。通過定量研究與定性分析,本文主要得出了以下結(jié)論:1.在三大類別中,方位隱喻和結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻的使用頻率很高,而本體隱喻只占據(jù)了非常小的一部分。在方位隱喻中,通過對多種不同隱喻類型的比較發(fā)現(xiàn),上-下隱喻和前-后隱喻廣泛分布在語料中,其次為中心-邊緣隱喻和深-淺隱喻,其他的類型使用頻率較低。語料中結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻的類型多達(dá)十余種,其中建筑隱喻和旅程隱喻是使用最為廣泛的隱喻模式。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn),為數(shù)不多的象棋隱喻和家庭隱喻也存在其中,這與中國的傳統(tǒng)文化和觀念息息相關(guān)。2.隱喻模式的選擇都是現(xiàn)代漢語中經(jīng)常使用的,源域與人們的生活緊密相連。雖然每篇政府工作報告重點關(guān)注的社會問題不同,但使用的隱喻類型的變化不大,這說明了隱喻表達(dá)的穩(wěn)定性。3.總體上概念隱喻一直保持著上升的趨勢,使用頻率越來越高。即便是正規(guī)嚴(yán)肅的公文,隱喻也已經(jīng)遍布其中。隱喻的運(yùn)用使得政府工作報告變得深入淺出,簡單易懂,這對于傳達(dá)政府的思想,拉近政府與民眾之間的距離起了重要的作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the constant attention to metaphor research, many fields at home and abroad have set off a wave of metaphor research. Metaphor was regarded as a rhetorical device in early traditional studies. Modern cognitive linguistics, however, holds that metaphor is a way of thinking and is a way for people to understand the world. Lakoff and Johnson have explained metaphor in detail in their book Metaphors We Live By. Metaphor is divided into three categories: orientation metaphor. The key to the working mechanism of ontological metaphor and structural metaphor is to find the similarities between the source domain and the target domain and to establish a relationship. In addition, metaphor also has certain features and functions. Based on their conceptual metaphor theory, this paper aims at the government work report. The report on the work of the Government is an important official document that includes not only a summary of the work of the previous year, but also the specific arrangements for the work of the year and a vision for the future, which points the way for developments in various fields and for the progress of the country as a whole. It is of great significance. This paper focuses on the use of conceptual metaphors in government work reports after the reform and opening up policy. Based on the five-year plan, eight papers are selected as the research object. Answer three questions in general: 1. The main metaphorical types in the government work report and its operating mechanism. The diachronic distribution of these types is 3. What role metaphor plays in political discourse and the relationship between government and people. Through quantitative research and qualitative analysis, this paper mainly draws the following conclusions: 1. Among the three categories, orientation metaphor and structural metaphor are frequently used, while Noumenon metaphor accounts for only a very small part. Through the comparison of different metaphorical types, it is found that the upper and lower metaphors and pre- and post-metaphors are widely distributed in the corpus, followed by center-edge metaphors and deep-shallow metaphors, and the other types are used less frequently. There are more than ten types of structural metaphors in the corpus, among which architectural metaphor and journey metaphor are the most widely used metaphorical models. It is found that there are few chess metaphors and family metaphors, which are closely related to Chinese traditional culture and ideas. The choice of metaphorical patterns is often used in modern Chinese, and the source domain is closely related to people's life. Although each government work report focuses on different social issues, the types of metaphors used do not change much, which indicates the stability of metaphorical expressions. In general, conceptual metaphors have been on the rise and are used more and more frequently. Even formal and serious documents, metaphors have been found in them. The use of metaphor makes the government work report simple and easy to understand, which plays an important role in conveying the government's thought and narrowing the distance between the government and the people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H15

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本文編號：2192890