【摘要】：近幾年微博的快速發(fā)展吸引了越來越多人的使用,其創(chuàng)新的傳播機(jī)制、方便快捷的傳播模式、以及短小精煉的文本使得微博語言形成了自己獨(dú)有的特征,因此,許多學(xué)者開始從不同的視角研究微博語言。微博的快速發(fā)展也為越來越多的政府機(jī)構(gòu)和官員提供了 “網(wǎng)絡(luò)執(zhí)政”的平臺,為了更好地與民眾互動,政務(wù)微博的語言也具有其獨(dú)特的特征。然而,對政務(wù)微博語篇的研究相對較少,因此,筆者從語域理論的視角對政務(wù)微博語篇的語言特征進(jìn)行了研究。本文從新浪微博中選取了 100條政務(wù)微博語篇為語料,并以韓禮德提出的語域理論作為基礎(chǔ),通過定量和定性相結(jié)合的方法對政務(wù)微博語篇的語域特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分類、識別、標(biāo)記、統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,試圖解答本文的四個研究問題:(1)政務(wù)微博語篇的語場特征是什么?(2)政務(wù)微博語篇的語旨特征是什么?(3)政務(wù)微博語篇的語式特征是什么?(4)政務(wù)微傅語篇的語場、語旨、語式是怎樣互動的?研究結(jié)果表明:(1)政務(wù)微博語篇的語場涵蓋的主題范圍廣,涉及到國家與社會生活的方方面面,不僅包含技術(shù)類語場,還包含非技術(shù)類語場。技術(shù)類語場中官方公告、新聞資訊、外宣、警示建議、和科普為主題的語篇占多數(shù),語言基本上比較專業(yè)、正式,是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的書面語言,同時適當(dāng)吸收一些常見的口語表達(dá),多用陳述句和祈使句等句式,疑問句使用較少。非技術(shù)類語場中娛樂消遣為主題的語篇占大多數(shù),語言更加口語化和非正式化,用詞簡單,句式短小。(2)政務(wù)微博語篇的語旨特征可通過情態(tài)動詞和稱呼語來實(shí)現(xiàn)。不論在技術(shù)類語場或非技術(shù)類語場中,低值的情態(tài)動詞更為常用,可以拉近政府與網(wǎng)民的距離,表達(dá)了政府與網(wǎng)民之間的平等關(guān)系。相對少量的高值情態(tài)動詞的使用顯示了政府的權(quán)威性,體現(xiàn)了政府和網(wǎng)民的權(quán)力關(guān)系。稱呼語在政務(wù)微博語篇中使用頻繁,包含使用者對自己的稱呼和對網(wǎng)民的稱呼。非正式的稱呼語使用能夠降低政府高高在上的地位,與網(wǎng)民更好地互動,體現(xiàn)了政府與網(wǎng)民之間的平等關(guān)系。(3)政務(wù)微博語篇中的語式特征可分為語言類和非語言類。在語言類特征中,語音方面,諧音詞、方言詞、擬聲詞和重疊詞大量出現(xiàn);詞匯方面,新造詞、外來詞、縮略詞、詞形變換和詞義轉(zhuǎn)換被頻繁使用;句法方面,主語省略和非常規(guī)句大量出現(xiàn)。在非語言類特征中,表情符號、圖片、動圖、視頻和鏈接都是常用的傳遞信息的方法。其中,圖片和表情符號在技術(shù)類和非技術(shù)類語場中最常使用。這些非語言類語式的使用使得微博語篇更加生動形象,信息傳遞更加直接、精確、便捷、有趣。(4)政務(wù)微博語篇的語場、語旨、語式相互聯(lián)系,共同決定了政務(wù)微博語篇的特征。政務(wù)微博正是通過在不同的語場下,運(yùn)用不同的情態(tài)動詞和稱呼語等語言形式表達(dá)語旨特征,同時采取不同的語式多樣化地傳遞信息,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)與民眾的高效交流,提升政府的公信力與親民性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of micro-blogging has attracted more and more people to use it. Its innovative communication mechanism, convenient and fast communication mode, and short and refined text make the micro-blogging language form its own unique characteristics. Therefore, many scholars began to study the micro-blogging language from different perspectives. Government agencies and officials provide a platform for "network governance". In order to interact with the public better, the language of government micro-blog also has its unique characteristics. However, the study of government micro-blog discourse is relatively rare. Therefore, the author studies the linguistic features of government micro-blog discourse from the perspective of register theory. Based on Halliday's register theory, 100 government micro-blog texts are selected as the corpus, and the register features of government micro-blog texts are classified, identified, marked, statistically analyzed by combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The four research questions in this paper are as follows: (1) What is the field characteristics of government micro-blog texts? (2) What are the tenor features of government micro-blogging discourse? (3) What are the stylistic features of government micro-blogging discourse? (4) How does the field, tenor and style of government micro-blogging discourse interact? The results show that: (1) The field of government micro-blogging discourse covers a wide range of topics, involving all aspects of national and social life, and includes not only technical categories. In the technical field, official announcements, news information, publicity, warning suggestions, and popular science are the main themes of the discourse. The language is basically professional, formal and standard written language. At the same time, some common spoken expressions are appropriately absorbed, such as declarative and imperative sentences are used more frequently, and interrogative sentences are used more frequently. (2) The tenor features of government micro-blog discourse can be realized by modal verbs and address forms. Whether in technical or non-technical fields, low-valued modal verbs are more commonly used and can be used. Close the distance between the government and the netizens and express the equal relationship between the government and the netizens. A relatively small number of high-value modal verbs show the authority of the government and reflect the power relationship between the government and the netizens. Address terms are frequently used in government micro-blog texts, including the user's own address and the netizens'address. (3) The linguistic and non-linguistic features of government micro-blog discourse can be divided into linguistic and non-linguistic categories. New words, loanwords, abbreviations, morphemes, and word meaning conversions are frequently used; and syntactically, Subject Ellipsis and unconventional sentences are frequently used. The use of these non-linguistic forms makes the micro-blog discourse more vivid, more direct, accurate, convenient and interesting. (4) The field, tenor and style of the government micro-blog discourse are interrelated, which together determine the characteristics of the government micro-blog discourse. Verbs and address forms express tenor features, and at the same time adopt different linguistic forms to transmit information, so as to achieve efficient communication with the people and enhance the credibility of the government and the people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H15

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