【摘要】：本文選取英漢語動賓結(jié)構(gòu),研究句法-語義接口的互動關系。研究問題如下:1)什么是英漢語動賓結(jié)構(gòu)的句法-語義接口?2)英漢語動賓結(jié)構(gòu)句法-語義接口的關系為什么是互動的?3)如何解釋英漢語動賓結(jié)構(gòu)句法-語義接口的互動?借助大量英漢語語料,根據(jù)生成語法句法-語義接口的理論,運用理論思辨法,詳細分析英漢語動賓結(jié)構(gòu)句法-語義接口。具體研究過程如下:1)首先根據(jù)語義對英漢語動賓結(jié)構(gòu)進行分類,分為三類:英漢語同源賓語結(jié)構(gòu),英漢語雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)和英漢語超常賓語結(jié)構(gòu),以期解決第一個問題,本文研究以上三個動賓結(jié)構(gòu)的接口問題。2)然后詳細研究英漢語動賓結(jié)構(gòu)句法-語義接口互動的原因和對此的解釋,為了深入剖析,利用論元,語義角色,最簡方案等分別分析了英漢語同源賓語結(jié)構(gòu)、雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)、超常賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的句法特點和語義特點,進一步指出其句法-語義接口存在互動關系。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)如下:1)英語同源賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中,由于同源賓語論元角色的轉(zhuǎn)變,由正常作賓語的受事角色轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉钦嬲饬x上的述題、受益者、或者感受者,從而促動其句法結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生相應的變化,迫使其英語同源賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中的不及物動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為假及物動詞(或稱準及物動詞),從而具有了賦予賓格的能力,當然,該處的賓格不是真正意義上的賓格,而是一個假賓格(或者稱準賓格)。漢語同源賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞為及物動詞,所以不存在賦格的問題,但漢語同源賓語結(jié)構(gòu)仍不是正常的動賓結(jié)構(gòu),其結(jié)構(gòu)對于動詞和賓語具有嚴格的限制,兩者必須語義相關,且賓語與動詞的動作是同步的,兩者為不可分割的整體。其形成的主要原因在于賓語論元角色的變化而為,從常規(guī)的受事轉(zhuǎn)為工具或結(jié)果,最終促使其句法結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生相應的變化,從而形成了漢語中的同源賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。2)英漢語雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中,為了保持句法中主謂的一致性,發(fā)生了一系列的移位和合并操作,格的核查是借助于vp,其形成原因在于由一個賓語擴展為兩個賓語,從而促使句法發(fā)生相應的變化。英漢雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)對于施事的語義選擇基本上是一致的,都為[+生命性],[+自主性],[+意識性];對與事的語義選擇都限定為表“人”的語義成分,而漢語中可以通過轉(zhuǎn)喻或隱喻延伸至更廣的范圍。對受事的語義選擇按照不同的劃分類別具有不同的屬性,主要區(qū)別在于事物的具體和抽象的性質(zhì)方面。3)英漢語超常賓語結(jié)構(gòu)形成的主要原因在于用假賓語掩蓋其真賓語,如:“吃食堂”中,用表達處所的“食堂”掩蓋了真正的賓語“食物”。超常賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中,具體是論元的變化引起了句法的改變還是句法的原因?qū)е铝苏Z義的變化,并不容易界定。文學作品中,尤其是詩歌,經(jīng)常用簡潔的話語表達豐富的語義,此時為句法的變化引起語義的變化。但不管是語義促動句法改變還是句法促動語義改變,兩者都是句法和語義互動的結(jié)果。以上發(fā)現(xiàn)對句法-語義接口的研究具有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:This paper chooses the verb object structure in English and Chinese to study the interaction relationship between syntactic and semantic interfaces. The following questions are as follows: 1) what is the syntactic semantic interface of the verb object structure in English and Chinese? 2) why is the relationship between English and Chinese verb object structure syntactic semantic interface interaction? 3) how to explain the interaction between English and Chinese verb object structure syntactic semantic interface? With the help of a large number of In English and Chinese, according to the theory of generative grammatical syntactic semantic interface, the Chinese and Chinese verb object structure syntactic semantic interface is analyzed in detail. The specific research process is as follows: 1) firstly, it classifies the verb object structure in English and Chinese according to the semantics. It is divided into three categories: English Chinese homologous object structure, English Chinese double object structure and English and Chinese. In order to solve the first problem in order to solve the first problem, this paper studies the interface problem of the three verb object structures.2) and then studies the reasons and explanations of the syntactic semantic interface interaction in the English and Chinese verb object structure. The object structure, the syntactic and semantic features of the supernormal object structure, further points out that there is an interactive relationship between the syntactic and semantic interfaces. It is found as follows: 1) in the structure of the English homologous object, the role of the normal object is transformed into a non real meaning, the beneficiary, or the feeling of the subject of the object. In this way, the grammatical structure of the English homologous object is transformed into a false transitive verb (or a quasi transitive verb), and thus has the ability to endow the object. Of course, the object is not a real bingle, but a false object (or quasi object). Chinese homology is the same. The verb in the object structure is transitive, so there is no problem of Fugue, but the structure of the Chinese homologous object is still not a normal verb object structure. Its structure is strictly limited to the verb and object. Both must be semantically related, and the action of the object and the verb is synchronized. The two are the inseparable whole. The main original of the two is the main original. Because of the change in the role of the object argument, from the routine to the tool or the result, the syntactic structure of the Chinese language is eventually changed, thus forming the homologous object structure.2 in Chinese). In the English Chinese double object structure, a series of shift and merger operations have occurred in order to maintain the consistency of the subject predicate. The cause of verification is the use of VP, which is caused by the expansion of an object to two objects, which makes the syntax change correspondingly. The semantic choice of the English Chinese double object structure is basically consistent to the semantic selection of the application, all of which are "+ life", [+ autonomy], [+ consciousness], and the semantic choice of the matter is defined as the semantic component of the table "man". In Chinese, it can be extended to a wider range by metonymy or metaphor. The semantic selection of the subjects has different attributes according to different categories. The main difference lies in the specific and abstract properties of things.3.) the main reason for the formation of the English and Chinese supernormal object structure is to cover up its real object with false object, such as "eating canteen". "The dining hall" that expresses the place of the expression "food" conceals the real object "food". In the supernormal object structure, it is the change of syntax or syntax that causes the change of syntax, which is not easy to define. In literary works, especially poetry, it expresses rich semantic meaning through commonly used and concise words, at this time the sentence is a sentence. The change of the law causes the change of semantics. However, both semantic and syntactic changes, both are the results of syntactic and semantic interaction. The above findings have a certain reference value for the study of syntactic semantic interfaces.
【學位授予單位】：寧波大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H146.3;H314.3

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