【摘要】：本文在前人的研究基礎(chǔ)上嘗試以對(duì)比分析理論結(jié)合概念隱喻理論,對(duì)漢語(yǔ)和馬達(dá)加斯加語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重疊式的形式表現(xiàn)、語(yǔ)義功能和語(yǔ)用功能進(jìn)行對(duì)比。雖然漢語(yǔ)和馬達(dá)加斯加語(yǔ)屬于不同的語(yǔ)言系統(tǒng),前者屬于孤立語(yǔ),后者屬于屈折語(yǔ),但兩者都具有用構(gòu)形和構(gòu)詞重疊的形式來派生出新詞。漢馬語(yǔ)言的基本語(yǔ)序也體現(xiàn)差異,漢語(yǔ)為SVO,而馬語(yǔ)為VOS語(yǔ)言,但是通過一些特殊詞馬語(yǔ)最普遍的VOS也能體現(xiàn)SVO語(yǔ)序。本文初步認(rèn)定漢語(yǔ)和馬達(dá)加斯加語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重疊式的功能具有相同之處。此外,馬達(dá)加斯加語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重疊式通過附加在詞綴前的形位以及詞綴本身顯示“時(shí)”和“態(tài)”的標(biāo)記。其中,有些具備特殊功能的詞綴可以對(duì)動(dòng)詞的可重疊性加以制約。漢語(yǔ)也有“體”標(biāo)記,主要位于原式動(dòng)詞和重疊部分之間。其中漢語(yǔ)“體”可以用“V了V”符號(hào)標(biāo)記,而馬語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言則借用副詞來實(shí)現(xiàn),如“副+VV”。雖然動(dòng)詞重疊式在漢馬語(yǔ)言中內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)有所不同,但是其外部形式有些是一致的。我們認(rèn)為漢語(yǔ)AA和AAB式和馬語(yǔ)中的“VV”和“VV+N”可以相對(duì)應(yīng)。漢馬語(yǔ)言動(dòng)詞重疊式表達(dá)的意義體現(xiàn)大同小異,主要在祈使句中使語(yǔ)氣顯得禮貌一些。此外,動(dòng)詞重疊式還能表示短時(shí)、隨意、輕蔑等意義。動(dòng)詞重疊式在馬語(yǔ)中有時(shí)候也帶有貶義,而這一類動(dòng)詞的原式為中性詞,這也是馬語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重疊式所表達(dá)的意義的主要特點(diǎn)。我們認(rèn)為由于漢語(yǔ)缺乏嚴(yán)格的形態(tài)標(biāo)記,其詞類和句法成分也不一一對(duì)應(yīng)。只要語(yǔ)境允許,句子中的一些成分就可以省略,而這些特點(diǎn)使?jié)h語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重疊式能充當(dāng)?shù)木浞ǔ煞指幼杂�。我們認(rèn)為漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重疊式可以充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ),偶爾當(dāng)補(bǔ)語(yǔ),而馬語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重疊式只能做謂語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。
[Abstract]:On the basis of previous studies, this paper attempts to compare the formal representation, semantic function and pragmatic function of verb reduplication between Chinese and Malagasy based on Contrastive Analysis Theory and Conceptual metaphor Theory. Although Chinese and Malagasy belong to different language systems, the former belongs to isolated language and the latter belongs to flexion, but they both derive new words in the form of configuration and overlapping of words. The basic word order of Han and Ma languages is different, Chinese is SVO, and Ma is VOS, but SVO word order can also be reflected by VOS, which is the most common word in Ma language. This paper preliminarily concludes that the functions of verb reduplication in Chinese and Malagasy have the same function. In addition, the Malagasy verb reduplication shows "time" and "state" by affixes and affixes themselves. Among them, some affixes with special functions can restrict the reduplication of verbs. Chinese also has a "aspect" marker, mainly between the original verb and the reduplicative part. The Chinese "aspect" can be marked with "V", while the Malay language uses adverbs, such as "accessory VV". Although the internal structure of verb reduplication is different in Han and Ma languages, some of its external forms are consistent. We think that Chinese AA and AAB can correspond to "VV" and "VV N" in Ma language. The meaning of verb reduplication in Han and Ma language is similar, and the mood is more polite in imperative sentences. In addition, verb reduplication can also mean short, casual, contemptuous and other meanings. The verb reduplication sometimes has a derogatory meaning in Ma language, and the original form of this kind of verb is neutral, which is also the main feature of the meaning expressed by the verb reduplication in Malay language. We think that due to the lack of strict morphological markers in Chinese, the parts of speech and syntactic components do not correspond one by one. As long as context permits, some elements in the sentence can be omitted, and these characteristics make the Chinese verb reduplication can serve as the syntactic elements more freely. We think that Chinese verb reduplication can be used as predicate, adverbial, subject and attributive, occasionally as complement, while in Malay, verb reduplication can only serve as predicate, adverbial, subject and attributive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H042

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