現(xiàn)代漢語“VV看”構式研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-27 12:13
【摘要】：現(xiàn)代漢語中"VV看"不是動詞短語形式,也不屬于動詞重疊的范疇,而是作為一個新興的構式出現(xiàn)在語言使用中。因此,本文將"VV看"作為構式來進行探究,主要圍繞語義展開論述,同時也涉及它的句法和語用功能。本文先從歷時角度來考察了現(xiàn)代漢語"VV看"構式形成的歷史基礎,認為"W看"的起源是表"測試"義的"看",隨后經(jīng)歷"試"和"看"的共現(xiàn)、"試看"和"試VP看",最后"VV看"形式的用法在清代基本固定下來,并延伸出"嘗試"和"判斷"之義。從共時角度來看,本文以Goldberg為代表的構式語法理論為指導,將《漢語動詞用法詞典》(1999)中1301個單音節(jié)動詞義項作為"VV看"構式中動詞"V"的考察對象,并結合現(xiàn)代漢語語料來探究"VV看"構式的分布情況、語義屬性等,通過歸納其內(nèi)部"V"和"看"的語義特征,從而得出"VV看"的構式義,即:言者、聽者或第三方"嘗試做某事"或"通過做某事來驗證結果如何"。"VV看"構式所代表的事件共有P1、P2、P3三個階段,P1和P2階段對應的"嘗試做某事",P2和P3階段對應的是"通過做某事來驗證結果如何"。在考察"W看"的內(nèi)部語義時發(fā)現(xiàn):"V"有[±可分離]、[±自主性]、[±方向性]三個語義屬性,且對"VV看"的限制作用依次遞減;"看"的語義屬性是[±探究],下位語義屬性分別是[士嘗試]、[±判斷]。從數(shù)量上來看,Ⅰa、Ⅰ b1類動詞所構成的"VV看"基本呈對半分布的趨勢,以[±方向性]作為區(qū)別的語義屬性;Ⅱ類動詞的語義分布并非以某一語義屬性作為主要的區(qū)分標準,每個小類都至少有一個語義屬性。Ⅱa類動詞所占比例最高,其主要滿足了[+可分離]和[+自主性]兩個語義屬性。從事件的絕對時間角度來看,"VV看"事件實際發(fā)生或確定不發(fā)生時,屬于現(xiàn)實性情狀;當"VV看"事件無法確定是否可以發(fā)生時,屬于非現(xiàn)實情狀。單句中的"VV看"一般表現(xiàn)為非現(xiàn)實情況;如果根據(jù)上下文的語境,"VV看"事件則有可能有依據(jù)被判斷具有現(xiàn)實性情狀。此外,當"VV看"的非現(xiàn)實性突顯時,它的語義弱化,主要起語用上的提醒或注意功能。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, "VV view" is not a verb phrase form, nor is it a category of verb reduplication, but appears as a new construction in language use. Therefore, this paper explores VV view as a construction, mainly focusing on semantics and its syntactic and pragmatic functions. This paper first examines the historical basis of the formation of "VV view" construction in modern Chinese from a diachronic point of view. The author thinks that the origin of "W look" is the "look" of the meaning of "test", then experience the co-occurrence of "test" and "see", "try" and "try VP see". Finally, the usage of "VV look" is basically fixed in the Qing Dynasty. And extend the meaning of "try" and "judge". From the synchronic point of view, this paper, guided by the construction grammar theory represented by Goldberg, takes the meaning of 1301 monosyllabic verbs in the Dictionary of Chinese verb usage (1999) as the object of investigation of the verb "V" in the construction of "VV". Combining with the modern Chinese corpus, this paper probes into the distribution and semantic attributes of the construction of "VV look", and concludes the semantic characteristics of "V" and "see" within it, and then obtains the construction meaning of "VV view", that is, the speaker, and so on. A listener or a third party "tries to do something" or "to verify the result by doing something". The "VV look" construction represents a total of three stages, P1 and P2, corresponding to the "try to do something" stage. Have done sth to verify the result. It is found that "V" has three semantic attributes: [鹵detachable], [鹵autonomy], [鹵directivity], "V" has three semantic attributes: [鹵detachability], [鹵autonomy], [鹵directivity]. And the limiting effect of "VV look" decreases in turn, the semantic attribute of "see" is [鹵inquiry], and the lower semantic attribute is "try" and "鹵judgment" respectively. From a quantitative point of view, the "VV look" composed of 鈪，
本文編號：2147788
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, "VV view" is not a verb phrase form, nor is it a category of verb reduplication, but appears as a new construction in language use. Therefore, this paper explores VV view as a construction, mainly focusing on semantics and its syntactic and pragmatic functions. This paper first examines the historical basis of the formation of "VV view" construction in modern Chinese from a diachronic point of view. The author thinks that the origin of "W look" is the "look" of the meaning of "test", then experience the co-occurrence of "test" and "see", "try" and "try VP see". Finally, the usage of "VV look" is basically fixed in the Qing Dynasty. And extend the meaning of "try" and "judge". From the synchronic point of view, this paper, guided by the construction grammar theory represented by Goldberg, takes the meaning of 1301 monosyllabic verbs in the Dictionary of Chinese verb usage (1999) as the object of investigation of the verb "V" in the construction of "VV". Combining with the modern Chinese corpus, this paper probes into the distribution and semantic attributes of the construction of "VV look", and concludes the semantic characteristics of "V" and "see" within it, and then obtains the construction meaning of "VV view", that is, the speaker, and so on. A listener or a third party "tries to do something" or "to verify the result by doing something". The "VV look" construction represents a total of three stages, P1 and P2, corresponding to the "try to do something" stage. Have done sth to verify the result. It is found that "V" has three semantic attributes: [鹵detachable], [鹵autonomy], [鹵directivity], "V" has three semantic attributes: [鹵detachability], [鹵autonomy], [鹵directivity]. And the limiting effect of "VV look" decreases in turn, the semantic attribute of "see" is [鹵inquiry], and the lower semantic attribute is "try" and "鹵judgment" respectively. From a quantitative point of view, the "VV look" composed of 鈪，
本文編號：2147788
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