【摘要】：漢語(yǔ)詞匯的復(fù)音化現(xiàn)象是漢語(yǔ)史發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要趨勢(shì),在由單音節(jié)詞為主向復(fù)音詞為主的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程中,漢語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)義和構(gòu)成方面不斷進(jìn)行自我完善。作為漢語(yǔ)史研究的基石,專(zhuān)書(shū)詞匯研究通過(guò)對(duì)各時(shí)代語(yǔ)料中的復(fù)音詞的構(gòu)詞方式進(jìn)行剖析,通過(guò)歷時(shí)比較,對(duì)復(fù)音化現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行探討,可以了解詞匯系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的普遍性規(guī)律。與其他時(shí)期相比,中古時(shí)期的專(zhuān)書(shū)研究較為薄弱,這主要是由于長(zhǎng)期的封建割據(jù),戰(zhàn)亂不斷,較多的文獻(xiàn)原著均已散佚,后人整理追撰流傳后世的作品有的已失去古籍原貌,因此,新的、好的研究材料成為中古時(shí)期專(zhuān)書(shū)研究中至關(guān)重要的環(huán)節(jié)�！队^世音應(yīng)驗(yàn)記三種》是魏晉時(shí)期佛教盛行的產(chǎn)物,大概成書(shū)于公元420年到470年間,是由三位人士收集編撰的三種應(yīng)驗(yàn)故事合集,能夠完整、真實(shí)地反映當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)的語(yǔ)言狀況。因此,本文選擇《觀世音應(yīng)驗(yàn)記三種》作為研究材料,一方面是在前人的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)中古階段涉獵較少的方面進(jìn)行研究,另一方面也是對(duì)自我視野的拓展。本文共分為五個(gè)部分。第一部分是緒論,包括對(duì)本書(shū)內(nèi)容、版本、作者、語(yǔ)料特點(diǎn)的介紹和國(guó)內(nèi)外研究情況的介紹。同時(shí),確立相應(yīng)的復(fù)音詞判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以運(yùn)用共時(shí)和歷時(shí)相結(jié)合的方法“解剖麻雀”。第二部分是對(duì)合成詞構(gòu)詞方式的研究,主要分為聯(lián)合式、偏正式、支配式、補(bǔ)充式、表述式、附加式、重疊式、綜合式八個(gè)部分,每一部分從語(yǔ)義構(gòu)成和語(yǔ)素性質(zhì)構(gòu)成兩方面進(jìn)行分析。語(yǔ)義方面,依據(jù)《漢語(yǔ)大詞典》中的解釋、例句,找到該復(fù)音詞的意義及源頭,并分析各語(yǔ)素義及其相互關(guān)系;詞性構(gòu)成方面,以每個(gè)語(yǔ)素為單位,對(duì)其性質(zhì)進(jìn)行分類(lèi)整理,探索構(gòu)詞方式的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。第三部分是對(duì)單純?cè)~構(gòu)詞方式的研究,包括聯(lián)綿詞、疊音詞兩部分,在分析的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行歸納,明確語(yǔ)音造詞逐漸衰弱的深層原因。第四部分是對(duì)佛教復(fù)音詞的研究。由于本書(shū)所涉及內(nèi)容的特殊性和所處歷史時(shí)期的重要性,我們將佛教詞匯單獨(dú)列出進(jìn)行分析。從共時(shí)層面,對(duì)佛教詞匯進(jìn)行語(yǔ)義上的分類(lèi),從歷時(shí)層面,對(duì)佛教詞匯的來(lái)源進(jìn)行了研究,指出佛教傳入對(duì)漢語(yǔ)的重要影響。第五部分是文章的結(jié)語(yǔ),主要是依據(jù)表格、數(shù)據(jù)等內(nèi)容,分析一般復(fù)音詞構(gòu)詞方式的歷史演變情況,并對(duì)佛教復(fù)音詞對(duì)漢語(yǔ)發(fā)展史的重要貢獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行總結(jié),以呈現(xiàn)出該書(shū)復(fù)音詞的全貌。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of polyphonation of Chinese vocabulary is an important trend in the development of Chinese history. In the process of transition from monosyllabic word to polysyllabic word, Chinese has been improving itself in terms of semantics and composition. As the cornerstone of the study of Chinese history, the study on the vocabulary of special books analyzes the word-formation methods of polysyllabic words in the corpus of different times and, through diachronic comparison, probes into the phenomenon of polyphonation, so as to understand the universal law of the development of lexical system. Compared with other periods, the study of special books in the Middle Ancient period was relatively weak. This was mainly due to the long period of feudal separation, the continuous war, the loss of many original works, and the fact that some of the works that had been handed down and handed down by later generations had lost their original appearance of ancient books. Therefore, new and good research materials have become a crucial link in the study of the special books of the Middle Ancient period. [three kinds of Quan Shi-yin] are the products of the prevailing Buddhism in the Wei and Jin dynasties, which were probably written between 420 and 470 AD. It is a collection of three stories collected by three people, which can reflect the language situation of the society. Therefore, this paper chooses three kinds of Quan Shiyin as the research materials. On the one hand, it is based on the previous research, on the other hand, it is the development of self-vision. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, including the introduction of the content, edition, author, corpus characteristics and domestic and foreign research situation. At the same time, the standard of judging the polysyllabic words is established to explain the sparrow by the method of synchronic and diachronic. The second part is the research on the word formation of compound words, which is divided into eight parts: joint, partial formality, dominance, supplement, expression, addition, reduplication and synthesis. Each part is analyzed from two aspects: semantic constitution and morpheme composition. In terms of semantics, according to the explanations and examples in the Chinese Dictionary, we find out the meaning and source of the polysyllabic word, and analyze the meaning of each morpheme and its relationship with each other, and in the aspect of part of speech composition, we classify and sort out the properties of the polysyllabic word in terms of each morpheme. To explore the trend of word formation. The third part is the study of the word-formation method of simple words, including the combination of words, repetition words in two parts, on the basis of analysis, to identify the deep reasons for the gradual decline of phonetic words. The fourth part is the study of Buddhist polysyllabic words. Due to the particularity of the contents and the importance of the historical period, we analyze the Buddhist vocabulary separately. From the synchronic level, the semantic classification of Buddhist vocabulary, from the diachronic level, the study of the origin of Buddhist vocabulary, pointing out the important impact of Buddhism on Chinese. The fifth part is the conclusion of the article, mainly based on the table, data and other content, analyzes the historical evolution of the general complex word formation, and summarizes the important contribution of Buddhist polysyllabic words to the history of Chinese development. In order to present a comprehensive view of the book's polyphonic words.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H141

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