【摘要】：認(rèn)知隱喻理論認(rèn)為隱喻是人類(lèi)共有的一種重要的認(rèn)知機(jī)制,是思維的一種形式�！吨芤住吩�:“近取諸身,遠(yuǎn)取諸物”,原始人類(lèi)在最初認(rèn)識(shí)世界時(shí),常采用人體化隱喻的方式來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)世界,這種思維特征表現(xiàn)在漢法兩種語(yǔ)言中,就形成了人體隱喻范疇。人體構(gòu)造先天是相同的,因而不同民族的人理應(yīng)有相同的人體隱喻認(rèn)知模式,漢法兩種語(yǔ)言內(nèi)臟器官詞語(yǔ)的隱喻認(rèn)知應(yīng)當(dāng)具有普遍性。但實(shí)際上,對(duì)事物之間相似性的理解與人們的認(rèn)知結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān),由于后天的文化、心理等諸多因素的影響,各民族的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)不一樣,會(huì)導(dǎo)致隱喻認(rèn)知的原始域和投射的目標(biāo)域不同及聯(lián)想方式的不同,因此,漢法兩個(gè)民族在人體詞的隱喻認(rèn)知方面就會(huì)存在著差異性。正確理解這些人體詞語(yǔ)的異同及產(chǎn)生原因有助于理解法漢兩種語(yǔ)言在認(rèn)知隱喻上的差異,幫助人們?cè)诳缥幕浑H中正常的選擇詞語(yǔ),減少不必要的語(yǔ)言文化障礙。然而,在現(xiàn)有的研究中,對(duì)于法漢兩種語(yǔ)言人體詞匯隱喻認(rèn)知系統(tǒng)的對(duì)比研究還是個(gè)空白。本文依托萊考夫的概念隱喻理論,以語(yǔ)言世界觀的基本理論作為指導(dǎo),采用應(yīng)用對(duì)比語(yǔ)言學(xué)的一般研究方法,選取法、漢兩種語(yǔ)言中的主要人體內(nèi)臟器官詞,從認(rèn)知隱喻角度對(duì)其一詞多義現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行研究,主要采取歸納的方法,對(duì)比“心”、“肝”、“脾”、“肺”、“腎”等九個(gè)法漢人體內(nèi)臟器官的一詞多義現(xiàn)象。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析的方法,尋求其在隱喻認(rèn)知機(jī)制方面(取象點(diǎn)數(shù)量特征及轉(zhuǎn)義詞義范疇分布)的異同,并力求找到造成異同的原因,希望能對(duì)法語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)的詞匯教學(xué)、跨文化交際及翻譯工作起到實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:Cognitive metaphor theory holds that metaphor is an important cognitive mechanism common to human beings and a form of thinking. Human metaphors are often used to understand the world. This thinking characteristic is manifested in Chinese and French and forms the category of human metaphors. The human body is naturally the same, so people of different nationalities should have the same cognitive mode of human body metaphor, and the metaphorical cognition of visceral organs in Chinese and French languages should be universal. But in fact, the understanding of similarity between things is related to people's cognitive structure. Due to the influence of culture, psychology and many other factors, the knowledge structure of different nationalities is different. It will lead to the difference of the original domain of metaphorical cognition, the target domain of projection and the way of association. Therefore, there will be differences in the metaphorical cognition of human body words between Chinese and French. A correct understanding of the similarities and differences of these human words and their causes is helpful to understand the differences in cognitive metaphors between French and Chinese languages, to help people choose words normally in cross-cultural communication, and to reduce unnecessary barriers to language and culture. However, in the present research, there is still a blank in the cognitive system of human lexical metaphor between French and Chinese. Based on Lakoff's Conceptual metaphor Theory and guided by the basic theory of linguistic worldview, this paper adopts the general research method of applied contrastive linguistics, the selection method, and the main human viscera words in both Chinese and Chinese languages. From the perspective of cognitive metaphor, the polysemous phenomenon of the term "heart", "liver", "spleen", "lung" and "kidney" in nine French and Chinese human visceral organs is studied, and the polysemous phenomenon of the word is compared with that of "heart", "liver", "spleen", "lung" and "kidney". By means of comparative analysis, this paper seeks to find the similarities and differences in the cognitive mechanism of metaphor (taking the quantitative characteristics of image points and the distribution of the category of the meaning of meaning), and tries to find out the causes of the similarities and differences, hoping to teach the vocabulary in French and Chinese. Cross-cultural communication and translation play a guiding role in practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H136;H32

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本文編號(hào)：2128265