【摘要】：20世紀80年代以來語料庫技術發(fā)展越來越成熟,這也為大規(guī)模地抽取言語樣本從而進行有效的定量分析奠定了基礎。使得詞典的編纂一改傳統(tǒng)內省枚舉方式,從而使得定量與定性分析結合成為了可能,為辭書編纂的科學性、系統(tǒng)系、精確性提供了提升的空間。本文就語料庫技術如何應用于詞典編纂特別是如何運用語料庫技術進行義項的分布情況研究進行探討。語料庫技術的出現(xiàn)提供了更具現(xiàn)代性的科學定量分析手段,為傳統(tǒng)定性分析注入新的活力,對于詞典編纂問題而言其活力主要體現(xiàn)在分析的全面性、數(shù)據(jù)的系統(tǒng)性、義項界定的準確性。論文選擇“慮”、“患”、“怕”、“思”、“覺”這五個心理動作義場代表詞作為研究對象,結合語料庫技術在保證最大效度占有材料的基礎上對五個心理動作義場代表詞的義項分布情況做了較為全面的探討。《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》(第7版,下文簡稱《現(xiàn)漢》)是漢語類中型語文詞典中最具代表性的詞典,《現(xiàn)漢》發(fā)行量大,使用者多,規(guī)范性強,因此我們在語料庫視野下進行現(xiàn)代漢語詞語義項分布研究的時候以《現(xiàn)漢》已有義項作為最主要的參考。詞典編纂方面的定性分析與定量分析相結合是理論與大數(shù)據(jù)的結合:一方面語料庫為我們詞典編纂的研究提供充足的大數(shù)據(jù),另一方面認知語言學、詞匯學、語義學、詞典學等相關學科知識為詞典編纂研究中的定性分析提供理論支撐,增加定性分析的科學性與客觀性。本文以《現(xiàn)漢》已有義項作為參考,運用語料庫技術結合相關理論知識做定性定量相結合的分析,對心理動作義場中的五個代表詞的義項分布情況進行研究以便為將來《現(xiàn)漢》上述五個詞的修訂提供些許參考。本文分為三個部分:緒論、正文、結語。緒論對國內外認知語言學的發(fā)展階段、研究內容、研究方法、適用主題范圍進行了綜述總結,并對認知語言學在詞典編纂特別是詞典釋義方面的應用作出初步探討。通過對國內外認知語言學進行仔細梳理,以期為詞典編纂時義項釋義提供更為堅實的理論解釋與支撐。第一章至第五章為正文。以心理動作義場的五個代表詞“慮”、“患”、“怕”“思”、“覺”作為研究的對象。通過對五個代表詞所建語料的分析并參考相關理論,發(fā)現(xiàn)“慮”字漏收兩個義項;“患”字應新增五個義項;“怕”字少收了四個義項;“思”字漏收三個義項;“覺”字則少收三個義項。面對這些代表詞義項上的缺漏,我們在大數(shù)據(jù)語料分析的基礎上參考認知語言學、詞匯學、語義學、詞典學等相關理論,提出了補錄修改的建議。結語對心理動作語義場五個代表詞的義項分布情況的進行了總結,并回顧了全文的創(chuàng)新與不足。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980s, the development of corpus technology has become more and more mature, which has laid a foundation for the large-scale sampling of speech samples to carry out effective quantitative analysis. It makes the compilation of dictionaries change the traditional introspection enumeration method, which makes it possible to combine quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, and provides a space for improving the scientific, systematic and accurate compilation of dictionaries. This paper discusses how to apply corpus technology to lexicography, especially how to use corpus technology to study the distribution of meanings. The emergence of corpus technology provides a more modern means of scientific quantitative analysis, which infuses new vitality into traditional qualitative analysis. For lexicography, its vitality is mainly reflected in the comprehensiveness of analysis and the systematization of data. The accuracy of the definition of meaning. The thesis chooses five representative words of mental action meaning field, such as "worry", "suffering", "fear", "thought" and "awareness", as the object of study. Based on the corpus technology, the distribution of the meanings of the five representative words in the mental action field is discussed in detail on the basis of ensuring the maximum validity of the materials. The Modern Chinese Dictionary (7th Edition, the third edition of the Chinese Dictionary of Modern Chinese) is used to analyze the meaning distribution of the five representative words in the mental action field. The following is referred to as "Xianhan"), which is the most representative dictionary in medium-sized Chinese dictionaries. It has a large circulation, a large number of users, and strong standardization Therefore, when we study the meaning distribution of modern Chinese words from the perspective of corpus, we take the existing meanings as the main reference. The combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis in lexicography is the combination of theory and big data: on the one hand, the corpus provides sufficient big data for the study of lexicography, on the other hand, cognitive linguistics, lexicology, semantics, etc. The knowledge of lexicography and other related disciplines provides theoretical support for qualitative analysis in dictionary compilation and increases the scientific and objective nature of qualitative analysis. In this paper, the existing meanings of "present Han" are taken as reference, and the qualitative and quantitative analysis is made by using corpus technology combined with relevant theoretical knowledge. This paper studies the meaning distribution of the five representative words in the field of mental action meaning in order to provide some reference for the revision of the five words mentioned above in the future. This article is divided into three parts: introduction, text, conclusion. The introduction summarizes the development stage, research contents, research methods and applicable subject areas of cognitive linguistics at home and abroad, and makes a preliminary discussion on the application of cognitive linguistics in lexicography, especially in the interpretation of dictionaries. In this paper, cognitive linguistics at home and abroad is carefully combed in order to provide a more solid theoretical explanation and support for the meaning interpretation in lexicography. Chapters I to V are the main body. The five representative words of psychological action field are "worry", "suffering", "fear", "thought" and "sense" as the object of study. By analyzing the data of the five representative words and referring to the relevant theories, it is found that the word "worry" contains two meanings, the word "suffering" should add five meanings, the word "fear" contains four meanings less, the word "think" contains three meanings. The word "Chueh" is less than three meanings. In the face of the gaps in these representative terms, we refer to the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics, lexicology, semantics and lexicography on the basis of big data corpus analysis, and put forward some suggestions for supplementary revision. The conclusion summarizes the meaning distribution of the five representative words in the semantic field of psychological action, and reviews the innovation and deficiency of the full text.
【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H136

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