本文選題：非賓格假說 + 非賓格動(dòng)詞　； 參考：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：自Perlmutter提出非賓格假說以來,眾多學(xué)者紛紛將其應(yīng)用于各種語言動(dòng)詞的研究中,而其中比較受關(guān)注的是對漢語動(dòng)詞的非賓格性研究,尤其是在漢語中出現(xiàn)的特殊句式,一直是學(xué)者們長期爭論的話題。另外,之前的研究大多集中于對漢語一元非賓格動(dòng)詞的研究,而涉及到漢語二元、三元非賓格動(dòng)詞的研究卻少之又少。本文旨在對漢語一元、二元和三元非賓格動(dòng)詞的句法表現(xiàn)和其論元的題元角色進(jìn)行比較全面的分析,并將其涉及到的特殊句式的生成機(jī)制分別做一個(gè)解釋。研究結(jié)果如下:首先,本文對漢語一元非賓格動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行考察,其中包括非自主動(dòng)詞和狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。而非自主動(dòng)詞中又出現(xiàn)了領(lǐng)主屬賓句、雙主句和表示天氣的句子。關(guān)于領(lǐng)主屬賓句NP1+V+NP2,本研究認(rèn)為句首的非論元名詞組是基礎(chǔ)生成的懸垂話題,動(dòng)詞后論元名詞組的結(jié)構(gòu)主格是由T與其建立的探針—目標(biāo)一致關(guān)系所賦予的。對雙主句NP1+NP2+V的分析,本文基于非賓格動(dòng)詞的增元結(jié)構(gòu),VP與新增論元之間可由輕動(dòng)詞APPLINVOLVE來表示語義關(guān)系。天氣句子是一種顯性非賓格現(xiàn)象,深層賓語既可前移也可留在原位。關(guān)于狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞,本研究提出輕動(dòng)詞“OCCUR”,它選擇句首的地點(diǎn)名詞組為其論元并吸引了非賓格動(dòng)詞的前移。其次,對漢語二元非賓格動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行了分析,包括心理動(dòng)詞、“形容詞+化”動(dòng)詞以及動(dòng)結(jié)式結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)結(jié)式復(fù)合動(dòng)詞。心理動(dòng)詞可分為EO和ES兩類,通過分析得出EO屬于[Causer V Experiencer]順序,而ES屬于[Experiencer V Theme]順序。因此EO是非賓格動(dòng)詞。“形容詞+化”動(dòng)詞的句法表現(xiàn)經(jīng)分析可得出跟致使句式一致,都屬于[x CAUSE[x BECOME(y)]]類型。關(guān)于動(dòng)結(jié)式復(fù)合動(dòng)詞,本研究用輕形容詞“a”和輕動(dòng)詞“BECOME-CAUSE”分別擴(kuò)展AP和VP。最后,考察了漢語三元非賓格動(dòng)詞,其中最重要的是雙賓語動(dòng)詞,主要包括“給予”類,“告知”類,“索取”類和“扔投”類動(dòng)詞。經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),“給予”類、“告知”類和“扔投”類動(dòng)詞都屬于非賓格動(dòng)詞,其中都包含了輕動(dòng)詞“CAUSE”和“HAVE”;而“索取”類動(dòng)詞屬于非作格動(dòng)詞,它包含了輕動(dòng)詞“DO-TO”和“ACT”。本文對非賓格假說的研究具有理論指導(dǎo)意義。一方面豐富了非賓格假說的內(nèi)容;另一方面為非賓格假說的成立提供了強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Since Perlmutter put forward the unobjective hypothesis, many scholars have applied it to the study of various linguistic verbs, among which the research on the non-objectiveness of Chinese verbs, especially the special sentence patterns in Chinese, has attracted more attention. It has long been a subject of debate among scholars. In addition, most of the previous studies focused on the Chinese unobjective verbs, but involving Chinese duality, the study of ternary unobjective verbs is rare. The purpose of this paper is to make a comprehensive analysis of the syntactic expression and the role of the argument of the Chinese monadic, binary and ternary unobjectiable verbs, and to make an explanation of the generating mechanism of the special sentence patterns involved in them. The results are as follows: first of all, this paper investigates the Chinese unobjective verbs, including non-autonomous verbs and state verbs. But in the non-autonomous verb, the lord belongs to the object sentence, the double-subject sentence and the sentence representing the weather. With regard to NP1 V NP2, it is considered that the non-argument nomenclature at the beginning of the sentence is a drooping topic of basic generation, and the structural subjective case of the post-verb argument is given by the relationship between the probe and the objective established by T. Based on the analysis of NP1 NP2V, the semantic relationship can be expressed by the light verb APPLINVOLVE between the adjunct structure and the new argument of the non-objective verb. Weather sentence is a kind of explicit non-object phenomenon. Deep object can move forward or stay in position. In this study, the light verb "OCCUR" is proposed, which selects the place name phrase at the beginning of the sentence as its argument and attracts the forward movement of the non-object verb. Secondly, this paper analyzes the Chinese binary unobjective verbs, including psychological verbs, adjectivized verbs and verb-resultant compound verbs in the structure of verb-resultant. Psychological verbs can be divided into two categories: EO and es. It is concluded that EO belongs to [Causer V Experiencer] order, and es belongs to [Experiencer V theme] order. So EO is a non-object verb. The syntactic representation of adjectival verbs is consistent with the causative sentence and belongs to [x car [x BECOME (y)] type. In this study, we use the light adjective "a" and the light verb "BECOME-CAUSE" to extend AP and VPrespectively. In the end, the author examines the Chinese ternary unobjective verbs, the most important of which are double-object verbs, which mainly include "giving", "informing", "taking" and "throwing". It is found that the verbs of "giving", "informing" and "throwing" belong to the non-objective verbs, both of which contain the light verbs "car" and "have", while the "claim" verbs belong to the non-ergative verbs. It contains the light verbs do-TO and ACT. This paper is of theoretical significance for the study of the non-objective hypothesis. On the one hand, it enriches the content of the non-objective hypothesis; on the other hand, it provides strong evidence for the establishment of the non-objective hypothesis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H146.3

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本文編號(hào)：2080822