本文選題：“《漢書》列傳” + 被動句��； 參考：《貴州師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：被動句在古代漢語的表達中占有重要地位。被動句的句法結構表現(xiàn)為動作的承受者在前,動作的發(fā)出者在后,并且能夠在交際過程中使相應的成分得以凸顯、強化,是一種重要的語言現(xiàn)象。早在《馬氏文通》(1)中就已有相關解釋。經(jīng)過一個多世紀,被動句的研究成果已經(jīng)形成了一個體系。本文就在這些研究的基礎上,選取被動句研究較少的“《漢書》列傳”作為研究對象,以三個平面的理論為研究指導,從共時的角度對“《漢書》列傳”被動句的類型、構成成分、語義、語用等特征進行分析描述并力圖找到內(nèi)在的規(guī)律。全文分六個部分:一、引言。分別從歷時和共時兩個方面介紹了古代漢語被動句的研究現(xiàn)狀,明確了被動句的概念以及相關分類;介紹了“《漢書》列傳”的研究現(xiàn)狀、版本選擇、材料處理、研究價值和意義以及論文中運用到的相關語法理論和研究方法。二、被動句類型分析。對“《漢書》列傳”被動句的句法結構進行分類解析,將其分為兩類,分別是以“于、為、被、見”為標志的有標志被動句和以“可、足、得、當”為標志的被動句,并對此進行了被動句類型分析。三、被動句構成成分分析。從句法的角度將被動句切分出謂詞性結構、受事主語、施事賓語三種句法成分,并對其構成特征進行分析總結,同時對于被動句中受事主語、施事賓語的省隱情況也進行了較為細致的歸納概述。四、被動句語義分析。對謂語動詞的配價情況進行分析,“《漢書》列傳”被動句中的謂語動詞多為二價或三價動詞,并且大多數(shù)含有[動作性],是動作動詞。同時也對受事、施事的語義特征進行剖析梳理,認為“《漢書》列傳”中充當受事主語、施事賓語的成分大多具有[有生命]、[定指]的特點。之后,在此基礎上分別對二價動詞和三價動詞所形成的語義結構模式的進行了歸納,明確了“《漢書》列傳”中被動句的基本語義結構模式。五、被動句語用分析。分別對有標志被動句“可、足、得、當”類被動句的語用色彩進行分析,認為“《漢書》列傳”被動句中表示不幸的語用色彩占比較大,其次為表示中性的語用色彩,而表示幸運色彩的被動句在“《漢書》列傳”中數(shù)量較少。六、結論。
[Abstract]:Passive sentences play an important role in the expression of ancient Chinese. It is an important linguistic phenomenon that the syntactic structure of passive sentences shows that the acceptor of the action is before, the issuer of the action is behind, and can highlight and strengthen the corresponding components in the process of communication. As early as in the "Ma Shi Wen Tong" 1) has been related to the explanation. After more than a century, the research results of passive sentences have formed a system. On the basis of these studies, this paper selects the passive sentence "Han Shu" as the research object, taking the theory of three planes as the research guide, and from the synchronic angle, analyzes the types of passive sentences in "Han Shu", "Biography of the Han Dynasty". Components, semantics, pragmatics and other characteristics are analyzed and described and try to find out the internal law. The full text is divided into six parts: first, introduction. This paper introduces the current research situation of passive sentences in ancient Chinese from diachronic and synchronic aspects, clarifies the concept and classification of passive sentences, and introduces the research status, edition selection, material processing of "Biography of Han Shu". The research value and significance as well as the relevant grammatical theories and research methods used in this paper. Second, the type analysis of passive sentence. In this paper, the syntactic structure of the passive sentences in the Biography of Han Dynasty is classified and analyzed, and they are divided into two categories: marked passive sentences marked by "Yu, for, be, see" and passive sentences marked "can, sufficient, get, when". The passive sentence types are analyzed. Third, the composition analysis of passive sentence. From the syntactic point of view, the passive sentence can be divided into three syntactic components: predicate structure, subject, agent object, and its constituent features are analyzed and summarized, and at the same time, the subject in passive sentence is analyzed and summarized. The implicit situation of the agent object is also summarized in detail. Fourth, the semantic analysis of passive sentences. This paper analyzes the valency of predicate verbs. The predicate verbs in the passive sentences are mostly bivalent or trivalent verbs, and most of them are action verbs. At the same time, it also analyzes the semantic characteristics of the agent, and holds that the subject of the subject in the Biography of Han Dynasty is the subject of the subject, and most of the components of the agent object have the characteristics of "living" and "definite reference". On this basis, the semantic structure patterns of bivalent verbs and trivalent verbs are summarized, and the basic semantic structure patterns of passive sentences in Biography of Han Dynasty are clarified. Fifth, pragmatic analysis of passive sentences. By analyzing the pragmatic color of the passive sentence with signs "can, enough, and when", it is concluded that the pragmatic color of the passive sentence in "Han Shu > Biography" is relatively large, followed by the neutral pragmatic color. The number of passive sentences indicating lucky color is less in Biography of Han Shu. VI. Conclusions
【學位授予單位】：貴州師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H141

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 劉文正;;漢語動詞配價研究的回顧和前瞻[J];漢語學習;2012年01期

2 王倩;;論新興的“被+X”結構及其語用動因[J];現(xiàn)代語文(語言研究版);2010年11期

3 徐江勝;;論被動式中的“所”字[J];語言研究;2010年03期

4 馬貝加;;原因介詞“坐”的產(chǎn)生[J];語言研究;2009年02期

5 張興旺;;現(xiàn)代漢語標志型被動句的語用分析[J];包頭職業(yè)技術學院學報;2009年01期

6 稅昌錫;;“語義特征”的定義和理據(jù)芻議[J];云夢學刊;2006年05期

7 彭小琴;俞理明;;“A見Vt”結構中的“見”[J];古漢語研究;2006年02期

8 范曉;;被字句謂語動詞的語義特征[J];長江學術;2006年02期

9 邵敬敏,趙春利;“致使把字句”和“省隱被字句”及其語用解釋[J];漢語學習;2005年04期

10 李宗江;漢語被動句的語義特征及其認知解釋[J];解放軍外國語學院學報;2004年06期

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 曹鳳霞;古代漢語標記被動式研究[D];吉林大學;2012年

相關碩士學位論文 前10條

1 翟迪;王先謙《漢書補注》訓詁研究[D];渤海大學;2013年

2 張婷婷;《韓非子》被動句式研究[D];廣西民族大學;2012年

3 王海驍;《漢書·地理志》中所見風俗研究[D];東北師范大學;2012年

4 隋文娟;顏師古《漢書注》詞義訓釋體例研究[D];西南大學;2012年

5 王云專;顏師古《漢書注》義訓研究[D];西南大學;2012年

6 程誠;《漢書》疑問句研究[D];廣西民族大學;2012年

7 朱輝峰;《漢書·古今人表》人物觀解析[D];湖北大學;2011年

8 王子文;《新輯搜神記》被動句研究[D];山西大學;2010年

9 王玨;《漢書》聯(lián)合式雙音節(jié)動詞研究[D];湖南師范大學;2010年

10 劉騰杰;《漢書》《漢紀》比較研究[D];山東大學;2010年

，

本文編號：2045528