本文選題：屬性類比 + 關(guān)系類比�。� 參考：《浙江社會科學(xué)》2017年03期

【摘要】：類比推理作為人類最基本的思維模式,是隱喻、轉(zhuǎn)喻等認(rèn)知機(jī)制實(shí)現(xiàn)的邏輯思維基礎(chǔ),對詞義擴(kuò)展起到了理據(jù)性作用。類比推理可以分為屬性類比、關(guān)系類比、結(jié)構(gòu)類比和擴(kuò)張類比四種"型"式。屬性類比是通過論域中事物屬性的相似性進(jìn)行的推理模式,推動著形容詞或者含有形容詞性語素的詞進(jìn)行意義擴(kuò)展。依據(jù)關(guān)系類比擴(kuò)展詞義的大多為本義表示關(guān)系義的詞語,所描述的關(guān)系往往由具體擴(kuò)展為抽象。結(jié)構(gòu)類比推理則多推動名詞的詞義擴(kuò)展,詞義由本義系統(tǒng)擴(kuò)展到另一較為抽象的系統(tǒng)。這三類類比推理模式都是隱喻認(rèn)知的深層思維模式。而漢語中通過轉(zhuǎn)喻認(rèn)知擴(kuò)展語義的詞匯,大多都是擴(kuò)張類比推理的結(jié)果。由此看來,類比推理是詞義擴(kuò)展最根本的思維理據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Analogical reasoning, as the most basic mode of human thinking, is the logical thinking basis of cognitive mechanisms such as metaphor and metonymy, and plays an important role in the expansion of word meaning. Analogical reasoning can be divided into four types: attribute analogy, relational analogy, structural analogy and extended analogy. Attribute analogy is a reasoning model based on the similarity of attributes of things in the domain, which promotes the extension of the meaning of adjectives or words containing adjective morphemes. Most of the words that extend the meaning according to the analogy of relation are the words that express the meaning of the relation, and the relation described is often extended from concrete to abstract. Structural analogical reasoning promotes the extension of the meaning of nouns, which extends from the semantic system to another more abstract system. These three kinds of analogical reasoning models are deep thinking modes of metaphorical cognition. In Chinese, most of the words that extend semantics through metonymy are the result of extended analogical reasoning. From this point of view, analogical reasoning is the most fundamental thinking motivation for the extension of word meaning.
【作者單位】： 浙江傳媒學(xué)院;浙江大學(xué);
【基金】：國家社科基金重大招標(biāo)項(xiàng)目“基于邏輯視域的認(rèn)知研究”(11&ZD088)的系列成果 浙江傳媒學(xué)院青年教師科研提升計劃項(xiàng)目“基于語用論辯理論的美國總統(tǒng)競選辯論之話語分析”(ZC16XJ029)研究成果
【分類號】：H13
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本文編號：1994021