本文選題：特異性語言損傷兒童 + 詞匯體�。� 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究旨在探討漢語特異性語言損傷(Specific Language Impairment,簡(jiǎn)稱SLI)兒童語法體的加工是否受詞匯體的影響,并通過控制詞匯體的呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間進(jìn)一步考察語法體標(biāo)記加工的時(shí)間進(jìn)程以及加工模式,據(jù)此給出相應(yīng)的解釋。本研究依據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化語言測(cè)試量表和智力量表選取了 16名漢語特異性語言損傷兒童,并依據(jù)語言能力和年齡兩項(xiàng)指標(biāo)分別匹配了 16名生理年齡更小的語言能力匹配兒童、16名實(shí)齡匹配兒童,采用兩種自定步速閱讀任務(wù)考察完成體標(biāo)記“了”以及未完成體標(biāo)記“著”在完結(jié)動(dòng)詞和活動(dòng)動(dòng)詞后反應(yīng)時(shí)的變化情況。簡(jiǎn)單自定步速閱讀任務(wù)的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明SLI兒童對(duì)語法體標(biāo)記的加工深受詞匯體的影響。完成體標(biāo)記“了”在完結(jié)動(dòng)詞后的加工速度顯著快于活動(dòng)動(dòng)詞;未完成體標(biāo)記“著”在活動(dòng)動(dòng)詞后的加工速度顯著快于完結(jié)動(dòng)詞。這-一結(jié)果可以用原型范疇理論解釋,活動(dòng)動(dòng)詞內(nèi)部蘊(yùn)含[+動(dòng)態(tài)性][+持續(xù)性][-終結(jié)性]的語義特征和未完成體“著”所表示的“事件正在持續(xù)”的含義共享更多的語義信息,而完結(jié)動(dòng)詞蘊(yùn)含[+終結(jié)性]和完成體“ 了”所表達(dá)的“事件完成”是相關(guān)聯(lián)的,當(dāng)相似特征匹配時(shí),反應(yīng)速度會(huì)加快。SLI兒童的表現(xiàn)遵循情狀體假說的預(yù)測(cè)。控制詞匯體呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明詞匯體的呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間對(duì)SLI兒童語法體加工的影響比較大,詞匯體呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間越長(zhǎng),SLI兒童對(duì)詞匯體所蘊(yùn)含的語義信息加工程度越完整,語法體標(biāo)記的反應(yīng)速度越快。詞匯體的呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間有250ms,300ms和350m三種。SLI兒童未完成體標(biāo)記“著”的反應(yīng)時(shí)隨詞匯體呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間的變化表現(xiàn)為250ms300mss≈350ms(表示反應(yīng)時(shí)大,≈表示反應(yīng)時(shí)相當(dāng),下同。),完成體標(biāo)記“了”表現(xiàn)為250ms≈300ms≈350ms,并且當(dāng)詞匯體呈現(xiàn)250ms時(shí),活動(dòng)動(dòng)詞后體標(biāo)記“著”的反應(yīng)時(shí)慢于“ 了”,當(dāng)詞匯體呈現(xiàn)300mm以及350ms時(shí)“著”的反應(yīng)時(shí)快于“ 了”。SLI兒童表現(xiàn)出的這種加工策略一方面可能是因?yàn)镾LI兒童本身語義存在一定的損傷,難以理解活動(dòng)動(dòng)詞的雙重語義屬性,即使詞匯體部分呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間增加完成體“了”的反應(yīng)速度依然很慢;另一方面可能是因?yàn)镾LI兒童先激活動(dòng)詞持續(xù)性和動(dòng)態(tài)性的語義特征,但是當(dāng)詞匯體呈現(xiàn)250ms時(shí),由于呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間較短,SLI兒童對(duì)詞匯體語義信息激活不完整,隨著詞匯體呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間越來越長(zhǎng),能夠很快建立未完成體和活動(dòng)動(dòng)詞之間的語義關(guān)聯(lián),這就促使活動(dòng)動(dòng)詞后“著”的反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著快于“ 了”。綜上所述,SLI兒童語法體的加工受詞匯體的影響,符合情狀體假說的預(yù)測(cè),但是在加工模式和加工策略上和典型發(fā)展兒童存在差異。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the processing of grammatical aspect in Chinese specific Language Impairment (SLI) children was affected by lexical aspect, and to further investigate the processing process and processing mode of aspect marker by controlling the presentation time of lexical aspect. Accordingly, the corresponding explanation is given. In this study, 16 children with Chinese language specific language impairment were selected according to the standardized language Test scale and the Intelligence scale. According to the two indexes of language ability and age, 16 children with lower physiological age were matched. Two kinds of self-paced reading tasks were used to investigate the changes of the complete aspect marker "already" and the incomplete aspect marker "Zhe" after the reaction of the ending verb and the active verb. The results of a simple self-paced reading task show that the processing of grammatical aspect markers in SLI children is greatly influenced by lexical aspect. The processing speed of the complete aspect marker "Zhe" is significantly faster than that of the active verb after the completion verb, and the processing speed of the incomplete aspect marker "Zhe" after the active verb is significantly faster than that of the ending verb. This result can be explained by the prototype category theory, in which the semantic features of [dynamic] [persistent] [-summative] within active verbs share more semantic information with the meaning of "event is continuing" expressed by the unfinished aspect. The conclusion verb implicates "summality" and the "event completion" expressed by the complete aspect is related. When the similar characteristics are matched, the reaction speed will be accelerated. SLI children's performance follows the prediction of the situation body hypothesis. The experimental results of controlling the time of lexical aspect presentation show that the presentation time of lexical body has great influence on the processing of grammatical aspect of SLI children, and the longer the presentation time of lexical aspect is, the more complete the processing of semantic information contained in the lexical aspect is. The faster the grammatical body marks react. The presentation time of lexical corpus is 250 Ms / 300 Ms and 350 m respectively. The variation of the response time of uncompleted volume marker "binder" in children shows that 250ms300mss 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：1915322