本文選題：民用交通工具名稱 + 定量　； 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：外來(lái)詞是一個(gè)民族語(yǔ)言詞匯的重要組成部分之一,是詞匯系統(tǒng)的特殊群體,也是詞匯學(xué)研究的重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)之一。清末民初時(shí)期,由于西學(xué)東漸的發(fā)展深入,大量外來(lái)詞涌入漢語(yǔ)詞匯系統(tǒng)。其中,民用交通工具的譯介在當(dāng)時(shí)產(chǎn)生不小影響。本文試圖搜集梳理當(dāng)時(shí)影響力較大的中文文獻(xiàn),以其中出現(xiàn)的民用交通工具名稱為研究對(duì)象,綜合定量與定性,歷時(shí)與共時(shí)相結(jié)合的研究方法,深入研究交通工具名稱進(jìn)入漢語(yǔ)詞匯系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)程,以期窺探漢語(yǔ)詞匯發(fā)展的一般模式。論文具體包括六個(gè)部分:第一部分為緒論。簡(jiǎn)要介紹本文的選題背景、依據(jù)和研究意義,以及國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于民用交通工具外來(lái)詞研究的研究現(xiàn)狀和成果,隨后對(duì)本文的重要概念進(jìn)行了界定,界定了本文的文獻(xiàn)范圍和時(shí)間范圍。最后說(shuō)明了論文的研究?jī)?nèi)容和研究方法。第二部分對(duì)清末明初的民用交通工具名稱進(jìn)行界定本章在對(duì)外來(lái)詞、時(shí)間范圍和民用交通工具進(jìn)行界定的基礎(chǔ)上,逐步精確語(yǔ)料范圍,形成了清末民初民用交通工具名稱的整體概貌,并大體將其分為“船類”和“車類”,兩類名稱,又將車類名稱劃分“火車”“自行車”“汽車”“電車”四類名稱并分別進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),從而明確了論文的研究對(duì)象,以上統(tǒng)計(jì)出的結(jié)論也為下兩章的分析打下基礎(chǔ)。第三部分在對(duì)清末民初民用交通工具名稱進(jìn)行界定的基礎(chǔ)上,從翻譯方式、音節(jié)類型、構(gòu)詞類型等方面對(duì)船類交通工具進(jìn)行了共時(shí)描寫,并大致總結(jié)了其外在特點(diǎn)。第四部分將車類民用交通工具分為火輪車類、自行車類、電車類、汽車類四個(gè)部分分別從翻譯方式、音節(jié)類型、構(gòu)詞類型等方面進(jìn)行共時(shí)描寫。第五部分則運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論從翻譯方式、語(yǔ)義、語(yǔ)音、詞匯、語(yǔ)法等方面探索了近代民用交通工具名稱的特點(diǎn),并試圖分析其原因。第六部分主要從歷時(shí)層面考察清末民初民用交通工具名稱在民國(guó)及以后的發(fā)展情況,通過(guò)參考詞典來(lái)考察各個(gè)名稱的存亡情況,并在此基礎(chǔ)上探討外來(lái)詞的漢語(yǔ)化規(guī)律。隨后又討論了民用交通工具名稱對(duì)現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)的影響和啟示。
[Abstract]:Loanwords are an important part of a national language vocabulary, a special group of lexical systems, and also one of the key and difficult points in lexicology.During the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, due to the development of western learning, a large number of loanwords poured into the Chinese lexical system.Among them, the translation of civil vehicles at that time produced no small impact.This paper attempts to collect and comb the influential Chinese literature at that time, taking the name of civil transportation as the research object, combining quantitative and qualitative, diachronic and synchronic research methods.This paper studies the process of vehicle names entering Chinese lexical system in order to explore the general pattern of Chinese lexical development.The thesis includes six parts: the first part is the introduction.This paper briefly introduces the background, basis and significance of the topic, as well as the current situation and achievements of the research on loanwords of civil transportation at home and abroad, and then defines the important concepts of this paper.This paper defines the scope of the literature and time range.Finally, the research contents and methods of the thesis are explained.The second part defines the names of civil vehicles in the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. On the basis of defining loanwords, time limits and civil vehicles, this chapter gradually defines the scope of the corpus.It formed a general picture of the names of civil vehicles in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and divided them into "ship class" and "vehicle class", two kinds of names.The name of vehicle class is divided into four categories of names of "train", "bicycle", "automobile" and "tram" and the data statistics are carried out respectively, so as to clarify the research object of the paper, and the conclusion from the above statistics also lays the foundation for the analysis of the next two chapters.On the basis of defining the names of civil vehicles in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, the third part gives a synchronic description of ship vehicles from the aspects of translation, syllable type and word formation type, and summarizes their external characteristics.In the fourth part, the author divides the vehicle into four parts: fire wheel, bicycle, tram and automobile. The four parts are described in terms of translation, syllable type, word formation type and so on.The fifth part explores the characteristics of modern civil vehicle names in terms of translation, semantics, pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar, and tries to analyze the reasons.The sixth part mainly from the diachronic level examines the development of the civil vehicle names in the Republic of China and the beginning of the Republic of China in the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, and through reference dictionaries to examine the existence and death of each name, and on this basis to explore the rule of Chinese loanwords.Then it discusses the influence and enlightenment of civil vehicle names on modern Chinese.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H134

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