本文關(guān)鍵詞： 語(yǔ)料庫(kù) “給”字 歷時(shí)演變　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版)》2015年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：通過(guò)對(duì)語(yǔ)料庫(kù)中先秦至民國(guó)時(shí)期的語(yǔ)料進(jìn)行調(diào)查分析,嘗試考察"給"的歷時(shí)演變過(guò)程。研究結(jié)果顯示,"給"字的使用率從先秦至魏晉緩慢爬升,從魏晉至南北朝大幅度上升,在隋唐五代有一個(gè)下降過(guò)程,宋金元開(kāi)始回溫,從明代開(kāi)始又一次大量增加,至民國(guó)時(shí)期達(dá)到了頂峰。在詞性的發(fā)展軌跡上,從先秦至民國(guó),"給"的虛詞用法使用率越來(lái)越高,而動(dòng)詞用法的使用率從宋遼金開(kāi)始因虛詞用法的興起開(kāi)始縮減。清代與民國(guó)時(shí)期,"給"字的動(dòng)詞用法的使用率為各個(gè)時(shí)期最低,且趨于穩(wěn)定。從宋遼金時(shí)期開(kāi)始,"給"字的虛詞用法開(kāi)始出現(xiàn),詞性出現(xiàn)了實(shí)際性變化。元明清時(shí)期"給"的虛化得到了進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。明代文獻(xiàn)已可見(jiàn)"給"的介詞用法。清朝與民國(guó)時(shí)期發(fā)展了很多"給"字句式,"給"字的虛化越來(lái)越成熟。句式發(fā)展方面,隨著時(shí)間的推移"給"字句式越來(lái)越復(fù)雜,一些句式從有至無(wú),從無(wú)至有,從主流變?yōu)榉侵髁?非主流變?yōu)橹髁?充分體現(xiàn)了新舊更替的發(fā)展過(guò)程。
[Abstract]:Through the investigation and analysis of the corpus data from pre-Qin to the Republic of China, this paper attempts to investigate the diachronic evolution of "giving". The results show that the usage rate of the word "give" rises slowly from pre-Qin to Wei and Jin dynasties, and from Wei and Jin dynasties to the Southern and Northern dynasties. In the Sui, Tang and five dynasties, there was a process of decline, Song, Jin and Yuan began to return to temperature, from the Ming Dynasty to another large increase, to the period of the Republic of China reached its peak. In the development track of the part of speech, from the pre-Qin to the Republic of China, the usage rate of the function word "Zizi" is getting higher and higher. The usage rate of verbs began to decrease from Song, Liao and Jin dynasties to the rise of the use of function words. In the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the usage rate of verbs was the lowest in each period. Beginning from the Song, Liao and Jin dynasties, the function word usage of the word "Zhai" began to appear. In the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the deficiency of "giving" has been further developed. The use of prepositions of "giving" has been seen in the literature of the Ming Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China have developed a lot of "to" word patterns, and "to" words in the period of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. Vacuity is becoming more and more mature. With the passage of time, the sentence pattern of "give" becomes more and more complex, some sentence patterns change from being to nothing, from nothing to being, from mainstream to non-mainstream, from non-mainstream to mainstream, which fully reflects the development process of new and old replacement.
【作者單位】： 武漢大學(xué)文學(xué)院;武漢理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院;
【基金】：中央高校專項(xiàng)基金項(xiàng)目資助(2015VI042)
【分類號(hào)】：H139

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