本文選題：中國(guó)古典文學(xué)作品翻譯　切入點(diǎn)：異化　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2003年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 在翻譯界，存在著兩種處理原語(yǔ)和譯語(yǔ)文化差異的翻譯方法——異化和歸化。許多翻譯者對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究。大多數(shù)認(rèn)為這兩種翻譯方法是不可分的，，互補(bǔ)的。也就是說(shuō)，在具體翻譯中，必須對(duì)立統(tǒng)一地運(yùn)用異化和歸化這兩種翻譯方法。然而，一個(gè)值得大家注意的事實(shí)就是：在翻譯實(shí)踐中，翻譯者受到了各種各樣復(fù)雜因素的影響。例如：原文的類(lèi)型和特征，原文和譯文的差異，翻譯的目的和客觀條件，翻譯者的主、客觀條件(其文化背景、教育程度、翻譯能力和審美趨向等等)。這些因素使翻譯者在運(yùn)用這兩種翻譯方法時(shí)常常有所偏愛(ài)。所以在翻譯中關(guān)鍵的問(wèn)題就是如何恰當(dāng)、合理、科學(xué)地運(yùn)用這兩種翻譯方法。本文通過(guò)對(duì)中國(guó)古典文學(xué)作品的翻譯，對(duì)異化和歸化的合理運(yùn)用進(jìn)行了闡述。因?yàn)橹袊?guó)古典文學(xué)的翻譯孕育著很強(qiáng)的文化表達(dá)性，所以我認(rèn)為，在翻譯中國(guó)古典文學(xué)作品時(shí)應(yīng)該盡量運(yùn)用異化，這樣才能達(dá)到欣賞和介紹文化的目的。但是在翻譯時(shí)，我們要以忠實(shí)于原文作為翻譯的首要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。如果無(wú)法再現(xiàn)原文的意義，甚至出現(xiàn)使讀者無(wú)法理解原文的現(xiàn)象，我們就只能采取歸化或其它變通方法了。為了更有力的闡述我的觀點(diǎn)，文章對(duì)帶有豐富文化內(nèi)涵的名著《紅樓夢(mèng)》的兩個(gè)英譯本所運(yùn)用的主要翻譯方法(楊憲益和戴乃迭夫婦主要運(yùn)用異化的翻譯方法；霍克斯主要運(yùn)用歸化手法)進(jìn)行了比較，具體說(shuō)明造成異化、歸化偏愛(ài)的原因及對(duì)不利因素的克服。 這篇論文共包含五個(gè)部分。 引言部分對(duì)全文進(jìn)行了介紹并且闡述了目前翻譯界在運(yùn)用異化和歸化這兩種翻譯方法時(shí)的普遍觀點(diǎn)。異化和歸化這兩種翻譯方法是對(duì)立統(tǒng)一的，但翻譯者在翻譯實(shí)踐中對(duì)這兩者的運(yùn)用常有偏愛(ài)。在翻譯中國(guó)古典文學(xué)作品時(shí)，為了向外推介中國(guó)文化，在不違背忠實(shí)于原文的原則下，本人主張主要運(yùn)用異化，其次運(yùn)用歸化的翻譯方法。 第一章闡述了在翻譯中國(guó)古典文學(xué)作品時(shí)某些關(guān)鍵性因素影響著異化和歸化這兩種翻譯方法的運(yùn)用。這些關(guān)鍵性因素主要包括(1)原文的類(lèi)型和特征(2)翻譯者的客觀條件(3)翻譯者的主觀條件。 在第二章里，本人談到雖然異化和歸化這兩種方法是對(duì)立統(tǒng)一 的，但是翻譯者在運(yùn)用這兩種方法時(shí)有自己的喜好。我們主張?jiān)诓贿` 背忠實(shí)于原文的原則下，翻譯者在翻譯中國(guó)古典文學(xué)作品時(shí)應(yīng)盡量克 服自己不恰當(dāng)?shù)南埠煤椭�、客觀條件的障礙，主要運(yùn)用異化這種翻譯 方法，其次運(yùn)用歸化及其它變通的翻譯方法。 第三章對(duì)《紅樓夢(mèng)》這本名著的兩本英譯本進(jìn)行對(duì)比，具體分析 討論了如何采用完全異化、部分異化、必要?dú)w化的翻譯方法。 最后，本人強(qiáng)調(diào)，作為翻譯者，應(yīng)盡量克服個(gè)人主、客觀因素的 不當(dāng)影響，在翻譯時(shí)，忠實(shí)于原文，恰當(dāng)、合理而科學(xué)地運(yùn)用異化和 歸化這兩種翻譯方法。在翻譯中國(guó)古典文學(xué)作品時(shí)，應(yīng)主要運(yùn)用異化 翻譯方法，其次運(yùn)用歸化及其它變通的翻譯方法。
[Abstract]:In the field of translation, translation, foreignization and domestication are two ways to deal with the cultural differences between the source language and the target language. Many translators studied this problem. Most of them think these two translation methods are inseparable and complementary. That is to say, in the specific translation, must use the unity of opposites two translation methods of foreignization and domestication. However, a noteworthy fact is that in the practice of translation, translators are subject to a variety of complex factors. For example: the types and features of the original text, between the original and the translation, translation purpose and objective conditions, the translator's main objective condition, (the cultural background, education, translation ability and aesthetic tendency and so on). These factors make the translators often have preference in the use of the two translation methods. So the key problem is how to properly and scientifically reasonable. The use of the two translation methods. Based on the Chinese classical literary translation, rational use of foreignization and domestication are described. Because China classical literature translation carries strong cultural expression, so I think that in the translation of China classical literary works should be as far as possible the use of alienation, so as to achieve appreciation and the purpose of the culture. But in translation, we should take the primary standard of faithfulness to the original text as translation. If unable to reproduce the original meaning, and even make the readers cannot understand the original phenomenon, we can adopt domestication or other methods. In order to elaborate my point of view, the main translation methods the use of the two versions of English with rich cultural connotation of the masterpiece "a dream of Red Mansions" (the translation method; Yang Xianyi and Dai Naidie mainly uses the alienation of Hawkes main transport The comparison is made with the method of naturalization, and the reasons for the alienation, the reasons for the preference of naturalization and the overcoming of the unfavorable factors are explained.
This paper consists of five parts.
The introduction part of this article introduces and discusses the translation circle in the use of the two translation methods of foreignization and domestication of the common view. The two translation methods of foreignization and domestication is the unity of opposites, but the translator in the translation practice of both are often preferred. China in the translation of classical literary works. In order to promote outward China culture, in does not violate the principle of faithfulness to the original, I mainly use the proposition of alienation, followed by the use of domesticating method.
The first chapter expounds the application of two key factors that influence foreignization and domestication in translating classical Chinese literature. These key factors mainly include: (1) the type and characteristics of the original, (2) the objective conditions of translators, (3) the subjective parts of translators.
In the second chapter, I talk about the two ways of alienation and naturalization, the unity of opposites
But the translator has its own preference when using these two methods.
Under the principle of faithfulness to the original, the translator should try to do as much as possible in the translation of Chinese classical literary works
Taking their own inappropriate preferences and owners, the obstacles of objective conditions, mainly using the translation of this translation
Methods, secondly, the translation methods of naturalization and other adaptations are used.
The third chapter makes a comparative analysis of the two English versions of the "Red Mansions dream", the famous book, and the specific analysis
This paper discusses how to adopt the translation method of complete alienation, partial dissimilation and necessary naturalization.
Finally, I emphasize that as a translator, we should try to overcome the personal and objective factors.
Undue influence, in the translation, faithful to the original, appropriate, reasonable and scientific use of alienation and
Domestication, the two methods of translation, should be mainly used in the translation of Chinese classical literary works.
The method of translation is followed by domestication and other translation methods.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：I046

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