本文選題：目的論　切入點(diǎn)：魯迅　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：魯迅作為中國(guó)翻譯史上偉大的理論家和實(shí)踐者,翻譯史上最無(wú)畏的先行者,對(duì)他的翻譯研究具有十分深遠(yuǎn)的意義。 兒童文學(xué)翻譯在魯迅的翻譯作品中占有較大比重。魯迅翻譯兒童文學(xué)的目的,其一是他一貫憂國(guó)憂民的心態(tài),不僅想要改變成人的國(guó)民性,而且對(duì)兒童的教育也寄予厚望。他希望有啟蒙性創(chuàng)造性的文學(xué)作品給兒童閱讀。其二是鑒于國(guó)內(nèi)兒童文學(xué)作品的現(xiàn)狀,沒有合適的作品,所以只有翻譯外國(guó)的作品,借此拋磚引玉。在翻譯作品的選擇上,魯迅沒有隨當(dāng)時(shí)兒童文學(xué)翻譯的主流—翻譯歐美強(qiáng)國(guó)名作家的作品,而選擇了弱國(guó)文學(xué),而且是曾經(jīng)強(qiáng)大而后衰落的國(guó)家文學(xué),用強(qiáng)國(guó)的衰落來啟發(fā)人民,以此激勵(lì)本國(guó)人民自強(qiáng)自立。正是由于魯迅翻譯作品選擇的強(qiáng)目的性,后人把他的翻譯作品譽(yù)為“成人的童話”。 在翻譯策略上,魯迅舍棄了初涉譯壇的歸化譯法,選擇了當(dāng)時(shí)眾人排斥的直譯。雖然直譯是魯迅一貫堅(jiān)持的策略,但是在面對(duì)具體情況的時(shí)候,魯迅有點(diǎn)身不由已。尤其是兒童文學(xué),在作品對(duì)比研究中,作者發(fā)現(xiàn)魯迅運(yùn)用了直譯意譯相結(jié)合的方法,為的是讓兒童更好的理解。在語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用方面,白話文翻譯已是當(dāng)時(shí)的趨勢(shì),魯迅也是極力推廣,身體力行。但是在翻譯中,我們還是看到了文言文的影子,文言用詞,文言句式。魯迅雖受時(shí)代所限,但是功不可沒。 本文理論選擇的是功能主義目的論。任何翻譯都有其目的性,魯迅尤甚之。從兒童文學(xué)翻譯觀,到文本選擇再到翻譯策略翻譯方法,無(wú)不體現(xiàn)其良苦用心。目的論包括三個(gè)原則：目的原則,連貫原則,忠實(shí)原則。魯迅文本選擇體現(xiàn)的是其目的原則,在實(shí)際翻譯中,他既有意譯,為實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)內(nèi)連貫,又有直譯,為實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)際連貫,也就是忠實(shí)原則。 本文正文分三章。第一章概述目的論,從其三個(gè)原則闡述目的論的基本思想。第二章主要談魯迅翻譯觀。從其總體翻譯觀的變化,到兒童文學(xué)翻譯觀。第三章從魯迅的具體選材到翻譯策略再到具體的翻譯方法,具體分析其兒童文學(xué)翻譯。最后得出結(jié)論,魯迅的整個(gè)兒童文學(xué)翻譯過程,目的論都貫穿始終,為此他靈活運(yùn)用了直譯意譯二者結(jié)合的策略,又保持了對(duì)原文的忠實(shí)。這對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍具有重要借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Lu Xun, as a great theorist and practitioner in the history of Chinese translation, and the most fearless forerunner in the history of translation, is of great significance to his translation studies. The translation of children's literature occupies a large proportion in Lu Xun's translation works. One of the purposes of the translation of children's literature by Lu Xun is that he has always been worried about the country and the people, and not only wants to change the national character of adults. In addition, he has high hopes for children's education. He hopes to have enlightening and creative literary works for children to read. Second, in view of the current situation of children's literary works in China and the absence of suitable works, he only has to translate works from foreign countries. In the choice of translation works, Lu Xun did not follow the mainstream translation of children's literature at that time-translation of the works of famous writers in Europe and the United States, but chose the literature of weak countries, which was once strong and then declined. It is precisely because of the strong purpose of Lu Xun's choice of translation works that his translation works are called "adult fairy tales". In terms of translation strategy, Lu Xun abandoned the naturalized translation method of the new translation circle and chose the literal translation that was rejected by many people at that time. Although literal translation is always a strategy that Lu Xun has always insisted on, but in the face of specific circumstances, Lu Xun has a bit of a problem. Especially in children's literature, in the comparative study of his works, the author finds that Lu Xun uses the method of combining literal translation and free translation in order to make the children better understand. In the aspect of language use, The translation of vernacular Chinese has been the trend of that time, and Lu Xun has tried his best to promote and practice it. But in translation, we still see the shadow of classical Chinese, the words of classical Chinese, the sentence pattern of classical Chinese. Lu Xun is limited by the times, but his contribution can't be ignored. This thesis chooses functionalist Skopos Theory. Any translation, especially Lu Xun, has its own purpose. From the translation view of children's literature to the choice of text to the translation strategy translation method, Skopos theory includes three principles: Skopos principle, coherence principle and faithfulness principle. Lu Xun's text choice embodies his Skopos principle. In practical translation, he not only has free translation, but also has literal translation in order to achieve intra-lingual coherence. In order to achieve interlingual coherence, that is, the principle of faithfulness. The text is divided into three chapters. Chapter one summarizes Skopos theory and expounds the basic ideas of Skopos theory from its three principles. The second chapter mainly discusses Lu Xun's translation view and the change of his overall translation view. From Lu Xun's specific material selection to translation strategies to specific translation methods, the third chapter analyzes the translation of children's literature in detail. Finally, the author draws a conclusion that the Skopos theory runs through the whole process of the children's literature translation of Lu Xun. For this reason, he uses the strategy of combining literal translation and free translation flexibly, and maintains his faithfulness to the original text, which is still of great significance for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：H059;I046

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