本文關(guān)鍵詞： 歷史 生產(chǎn) 意識(shí)形態(tài) 政治 權(quán)力 審美　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2001年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 本文的主要內(nèi)容是探討伊格爾頓文學(xué)理論的基本范疇、觀念及與之相關(guān)的 美學(xué)思想，并對(duì)此作出相應(yīng)的分析和評(píng)價(jià)。本文認(rèn)為，伊格爾頓文學(xué)理論的最 大特點(diǎn)在于伊格爾頓是以對(duì)歷史的“革命的理解”為基礎(chǔ)來(lái)討論文學(xué)和審美的。 在其“革命”歷史觀的指引下，伊格爾頓對(duì)文學(xué)生產(chǎn)，，文學(xué)與其他意識(shí)形態(tài)的 關(guān)系，文學(xué)形式，文學(xué)本質(zhì)，文學(xué)價(jià)值，文學(xué)批評(píng)以及美學(xué)觀念等一系列問(wèn)題 提出了自己的一些看法。 伊格爾頓認(rèn)為，文學(xué)既屬于經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)，又屬于上層建筑。因此，對(duì)文學(xué)的 考察一方面要考慮一般生產(chǎn)方式和文學(xué)生產(chǎn)方式等生產(chǎn)因素，另一方面還要考 慮一般意識(shí)形態(tài)、美學(xué)意識(shí)形態(tài)、作者意識(shí)形態(tài)等意識(shí)形態(tài)因素。文學(xué)“本文” 正是上述各種因素相互作用的結(jié)果。伊格爾頓的“文學(xué)生產(chǎn)”既包括“本文生 產(chǎn)”，也包括文學(xué)作品的社會(huì)生產(chǎn)。而他的文學(xué)意識(shí)形態(tài)論一方面承認(rèn)文學(xué)的 權(quán)力性，另一方面又強(qiáng)調(diào)文學(xué)作為一種意識(shí)形態(tài)與其他意識(shí)形態(tài)之間的區(qū)別。 伊格爾頓認(rèn)為，“文學(xué)形式”是文學(xué)作為“一種”意識(shí)形態(tài)區(qū)別于其他意 識(shí)形態(tài)的關(guān)鍵之處。但是文學(xué)并不是以“一組具有內(nèi)在性質(zhì)的作品”形式存在， 文學(xué)只是“人們把自己聯(lián)系于作品的方式”，以“關(guān)系”的形式存在，因此他 否定文學(xué)有固定的本質(zhì)。文學(xué)價(jià)值事實(shí)上是一種“交換價(jià)值”，其具體所指就 是讀者通過(guò)作品所獲得的對(duì)歷史的認(rèn)識(shí)。而文學(xué)批評(píng)由于可以關(guān)注于讀者與作 品關(guān)系中的任何因素事實(shí)成為文化批評(píng)。伊格爾頓認(rèn)為“最科學(xué)”的文學(xué)批評(píng) 是馬克思主義文學(xué)批評(píng)，而馬克思主義文學(xué)批評(píng)關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)是文學(xué)與意識(shí)形 態(tài)、政治的聯(lián)系，因此馬克思主義文學(xué)批評(píng)事實(shí)上也是一種文化批評(píng)。 伊格爾頓站在他的文學(xué)理論立場(chǎng)上對(duì)美學(xué)和文學(xué)的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程作了進(jìn)一 步的反思。他認(rèn)為，在古典時(shí)期以前，審美、倫理、政治是渾然一體的，美學(xué)、 卜自霎弓。1 碩＋蘭片井十 I令宅塞回目／歹J 小y＜J回fJ；AI卜二人 ＼二“、一／、IAS工三R S 工HES二S 文學(xué)與歷史的密切聯(lián)系得到確認(rèn)�？墒请S著美學(xué)和文學(xué)的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程，美學(xué)和 文學(xué)越來(lái)越疏離政治和倫理，越來(lái)越否認(rèn)其自身與歷史的必然聯(lián)系，悄悄地成 為資產(chǎn)階級(jí)隱秘的意識(shí)形態(tài)工具。如果說(shuō)這種意識(shí)形態(tài)在自由資本主義階段還 有一定的革命性的話，那么在壟斷資本主義形成以后，這種革命性己?jiǎn)适ТM。 為此，伊格爾頓呼吁以“文學(xué)的死亡”和“審美的回歸”（回歸到古典時(shí)期） 來(lái)對(duì)抗當(dāng)前資產(chǎn)階級(jí)對(duì)文學(xué)和審美的利用。 伊格爾頓的文學(xué)理論思想對(duì)于我們建立當(dāng)代形態(tài)的馬克思主義文學(xué)理論 是有啟發(fā)的。但是他的“審美意識(shí)形態(tài)”概念與我們的“審美意識(shí)形態(tài)”概念 是不同的。伊格爾頓的文學(xué)理論還啟示我們，文學(xué)的政治屬性和審美屬性并不 矛盾。作為一名理論工作者，我們應(yīng)該肩負(fù)起歷史賦予我們的歷史使命，揭示 文學(xué)被不光彩的政治所利用的事實(shí)真相。
[Abstract]:The main content of this article is to discuss the basic category of Eagleton's literary theory, the concept and its relevance.
In this paper, the author thinks that Eagleton's literary theory is the most important.
The great feature is that Eagleton discusses literature and aesthetics on the basis of historical "understanding of revolution".
Under the guidance of his "revolutionary" historical view, Eagleton was on the production of literature, literature and other ideologies.
A series of problems, such as relation, literary form, literary essence, literary value, literary criticism and aesthetic concept
Some ideas are put forward.
Eagleton believes that literature belongs to both the economic base and the superstructure. Therefore, it is to literature.
On the one hand, we should consider the production factors such as the general mode of production and the mode of literature production. On the other hand, we should take the examination.
Ideological factors such as general ideology, aesthetic ideology, author ideology, and so on. Literature "this article"
It is the result of the interaction of all the factors mentioned above. Eagleton's "literary production" includes both "this article"
"Production" is also included in the social production of literary works. On the one hand, his literary ideology admits literature.
On the other hand, it emphasizes that literature is the difference between ideology and other ideologies.
Eagleton believes that "literary form" is the difference between literature as a "one" ideology
The key to understanding form. But literature is not in the form of "a set of works of inherent nature".
Literature is only "the way people connect themselves to their works", which exists in the form of "relations", so he
There is a fixed essence of negation of literature. In fact, literary value is a kind of "exchange value", which is specifically referred to.
It is the reader's understanding of history through the works, and literary criticism can focus on readers and works.
Any factor in the product relationship is a cultural criticism. Eagleton thinks the "most scientific" literary criticism
It is the literary criticism of Marx, and the focus of Marx's literary criticism is the form of literature and consciousness
The relationship between state and politics, so Marx's literary criticism is also a cultural criticism in fact.
On the basis of his literary theory, Eagleton made an advance in the modernization process of aesthetics and literature.
He thinks that before the classical period, aesthetics, ethics, politics are integrated, aesthetics,
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The close connection between literature and history is confirmed. But with the modernization of aesthetics and literature, aesthetics and
Literature is more and more alienated from politics and ethics, and more and more denies the inevitable connection between itself and history.
An ideological tool for the bourgeoisie, if it is said to be in the stage of free capitalism.
There are some revolutionary words, then, after the formation of monopoly capitalism, this kind of revolutionary has been lost.
For this reason, Eagleton called for "the death of literature" and "the return of aesthetics" (to the classical period).
To combat the use of literature and aesthetics by the current bourgeoisie.
Eagleton's literary theory thought on the establishment of contemporary form of Marx's literary theory
It is enlightening. But his concept of "aesthetic ideology" and the concept of our "aesthetic ideology"
Eagleton's literary theory also inspires us that the political and aesthetic attributes of literature are not the same.
As a theoretical worker, we should shoulder the historical mission that history has given us and reveal it.
The fact that literature is used by dishonorable politics.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2001
【分類號(hào)】：I0

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 肖寒;革命的政治批評(píng)[D];首都師范大學(xué);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 冉曉芹;伊格爾頓《理論之后》研究[D];西南大學(xué);2007年

2 李麗杰;伊格爾頓文學(xué)理論研究[D];河北師范大學(xué);2009年

本文編號(hào)：1555943