本文關(guān)鍵詞： 古琴文化 和合思想 天人合一　出處：《蘇州科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國的古琴被稱為“國琴”或者“國琴之王”,這與古琴所承載的悠久歷史、制作工藝、琴體構(gòu)造、琴名含義、音色特點(diǎn)、彈奏方法、曲譜內(nèi)容,以及琴人的風(fēng)骨息息相關(guān)。琴之音色的具有空靈之感,作為中國文人寄托神思的道器,在眾多獨(dú)奏樂器中,唯獨(dú)形成了自身的理論體系,并傳承至今。和是中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)美學(xué)思想的核心與主脈。和合思想就是古琴文化中的主要指導(dǎo)思想和審美原則。“琴”和“和”的字源古琴的音色、音高、音長、音強(qiáng)的物理聲學(xué)分析和中國本土的儒道兩家的早期樂論,是古琴文化中和合思想形成的緣由。在古琴藝術(shù)中,古琴形制暗合陰陽之道,在選材斫制的過程當(dāng)中講究陰陽調(diào)和。古人根據(jù)五音的特性將五音與四時(shí)五方相結(jié)合,貫徹了律歷融通的觀念。琴藝上指法和技法的“聲韻并茂”實(shí)現(xiàn)了虛實(shí)相生,輕重緩急的節(jié)奏達(dá)到了剛?cè)嵯酀?jì)。在山林水云間融情入景,于花木禽鳥上寄托情懷,天地于我合一,萬物于我同化是中國人自古以來追求的和合之境。漢字的拆解重組成琴譜,是古琴獨(dú)有的記譜系統(tǒng);傳承有序的地域流派,展示出和合文化在中原大地上的豐富性。古琴文化中的和合思想特征主要有天人合一的統(tǒng)一性和局限性,道器不二的整體性和傾向性,雅樂鄭聲的矛盾性和融合性,都在古琴文化中和合思想內(nèi)容當(dāng)中有所體現(xiàn)。律歷融通古人天人合一宇宙觀的一部分,盡管對于穩(wěn)定社會秩序建立大一統(tǒng)的民族架構(gòu)有所幫助,但也束縛了人們的思想,限制了音樂美學(xué)的發(fā)展;古琴作為樂教的工具,是道器不二的音樂載體,但也走向了重道輕器的歷史方向。雅樂鄭聲作為中與外、古與今的代表,是不同地域、不同時(shí)空的文化互相碰撞又融入轉(zhuǎn)生的音樂代表。古琴文化中的和合思想始終隨著歷史長流發(fā)展變化,對于當(dāng)今社會依然具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。古琴中和的音色美學(xué)和科學(xué)的演奏方式,能夠幫助調(diào)節(jié)人體內(nèi)在的身心系統(tǒng);古琴可以與歌聲相配,與其他樂器相和,可以成為人與人之間情感交流的工具,促進(jìn)人際關(guān)系的和睦;在尊重科學(xué)、關(guān)注生態(tài)的當(dāng)下,需要良好環(huán)境和萬物靈性的古琴文化中更指導(dǎo)人類遵循客觀的自然規(guī)律,保護(hù)身邊的自然環(huán)境,實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的天人合一。
[Abstract]:The Guqin in China is called "Guoqin" or "King of Guoqin", which is related to the long history of Guqin, its making technology, its structure, its meaning, its timbre, its methods of playing, and the content of its composition. The timbre of the piano has a sense of emptiness, as the Taoist instrument for the Chinese literati, among the many solo instruments, it has only formed its own theoretical system. Harmony is the core and main vein of Chinese traditional aesthetic thought of art. The thought of harmony is the main guiding ideology and aesthetic principle in Guqin culture. The timbre, pitch and length of Guqin, the character source of "Qin" and "he", are the main guiding ideology and aesthetic principle in Guqin culture. The physical acoustics analysis of strong tone and the early music theory of Confucianism and Taoism in China are the reasons for the formation of harmony thought in Guqin culture. In the art of Guqin, Guqin forms the way of yin and yang. The ancients combined the five notes with the four seasons and five sides according to the characteristics of the five sounds, and carried out the concept of harmony of the law and calendar. The "sound and rhyme and prosperity" of the fingering method and technique in the piano art realized the existence of the void and the reality. In the mountains, forests, water, clouds, feelings into the scene, in flowers and birds on the feelings, heaven and earth in my unity, all things in my assimilation is the Chinese people since ancient times to pursue the harmony of the territory. The dismantling of the Chinese characters into the music, composition, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, and music. It is a unique recording system of Guqin, and inherits an orderly regional school, showing the richness of harmony culture in the Central Plains. The characteristics of harmony in Guqin culture have the unity and limitation of the unity of nature and man. The integrity and tendency of Dao and the contradiction and integration of elegant music and Zheng Sheng are reflected in the content of harmony in the ancient Qin culture. The law integrates part of the ancient world view of the unity of nature and man. Although it helps to stabilize the social order and establish a unified national structure, it also restrains people's thinking and limits the development of musical aesthetics. As a tool of music education, Guqin is a musical carrier of Tao and Tao. However, it also moved towards the historical direction of emphasizing roads and light vessels. As a representative of China and the outside, ancient and present, Yale Zheng Sheng is a different region. Culture of different time and space collides with each other and melts into reincarnated music representative. The thought of harmony in Guqin culture has always developed and changed along with the long course of history. The timbre aesthetics and scientific playing method of Guqin can help to regulate the inner body and mind system of human body. Guqin can match the song and other musical instruments. It can become a tool of emotional communication between people and promote the harmony of interpersonal relations. In the present time of respecting science and paying attention to the ecology, the Guqin culture, which requires a good environment and the spirituality of all things, can guide human beings to follow the objective natural laws. Protect the natural environment around us and realize the unity of nature and man.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B21;J632.31

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