【摘要】：莆仙戲,主要是以莆仙方言來演唱,流行于莆田、仙游縣及其鄰縣福清、惠安、永泰等興化方言區(qū)。莆仙戲又稱“興化戲”,因?yàn)樵谒未鷷r(shí),莆仙隸屬興化軍,明清隸屬興化府,故名“興化戲”,在建國(guó)之后才改稱“莆仙戲”。莆仙戲表演吸收了民間歌舞百戲的特點(diǎn),如舞蹈、武打、雜技、說唱等,吸收了“吳歌”、“楚謠”及雜劇表演,逐漸形成了即有戲劇故事,又有綜合了唱、念、做、打和服飾化妝,在戲棚上表演的戲曲。莆仙戲的表演體系是由唱腔、行當(dāng)、表演科介以及服裝化裝等構(gòu)成,它們對(duì)莆仙戲表演藝術(shù)的形和發(fā)展有著重要的作用。莆仙戲唱腔主要是“興化腔”即莆仙方言,它的運(yùn)用使莆仙戲成為一種具有濃厚地方色彩和風(fēng)味的地方戲曲劇種。現(xiàn)在,在莆仙戲行當(dāng)構(gòu)成上,基本上承襲了宋元南戲的舊制,戲班里的角色上分為生、旦、靚妝、末、丑五個(gè)角色。莆仙戲表演離不開表演科介。莆仙戲的各個(gè)行當(dāng)都有一套嚴(yán)格的、完整的表演程式和專門性科介動(dòng)作,手、眼、身、法、步等。在遵循基本的表演規(guī)則的前提下,每個(gè)行當(dāng)中又都有不同的基本功要求,動(dòng)作多種多樣、豐富多彩,極具造型表現(xiàn)力和形式美。莆仙戲表演多以生、旦為主,在莆仙戲中稱生、旦角為“頂腳門”,稱凈、末、丑角為“下腳門”,所以生旦角的表演科介在莆仙戲表演風(fēng)格上是非常有代表性的。總之,從表演體系及表演科介上,能夠充分展現(xiàn)出莆仙戲的表演風(fēng)格：細(xì)膩圓潤(rùn)、優(yōu)雅溫存。
[Abstract]:Puxian Opera, mainly in Putian dialect to sing, popular in Putian, Xianyou County and its neighboring counties Fuqing, Huian, Yongtai and other Xinghua dialect. Puxian Opera is also known as "Xinghua Opera", because in the Song Dynasty, Putian belonged to the Xinghua Army and Ming and Qing dynasties to the Xinghua House, hence the name "Xinghua Opera", which was renamed "Puxian Opera" after the founding of the people's Republic of China. The performance of Puxian Opera absorbs the characteristics of folk songs and dances, such as dance, martial arts, acrobatics, rap and so on. It also absorbs "Wu GE", "Chu ballad" and zaju opera performances, gradually forming a drama story, and a combination of singing, reading, and doing. Play and dress makeup, a drama performed in a theatre. The performance system of Puxian Opera is composed of singing, business, acting branch and costume, which play an important role in the shape and development of Pu Xian Opera performance art. Puxian opera is mainly composed of "Xinghua Opera" (Putian dialect). Its application makes Puxian Opera a kind of local opera with strong local color and flavor. Now, in Pu Xian opera business composition, basically inherited the Song and Yuan Dynasty South Opera, the role of the troupe is divided into five roles, Dan, beautiful makeup, the end, ugly five roles. Puxian opera performance can not be separated from the performance division. Puxian opera has a set of strict, complete performance procedures and specialized procedures, hands, eyes, body, law, step and so on. Under the premise of following the basic performance rules, each profession also has different basic skill requirements. It has a variety of actions, rich and colorful, very expressive and formal beauty. Puxian opera performance is mostly born, Dan mainly, in Puxian opera, Dan angle is called "top foot door", called net, finally, clown is "lower foot door", so Shengdan angle's acting style is very representative in Puxian opera. In short, from the performance system and performance department, can fully show the Pu Xian opera performance style: delicate and round, elegant and gentle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：J825

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