本文選題：明代 + 南教坊　； 參考：《文化遺產(chǎn)》2017年05期

【摘要】：早在朱元璋定天下時(shí),便于南京設(shè)教坊司,并設(shè)樂(lè)院和官酒樓一統(tǒng)天下官妓;然而,"南教坊"作為一個(gè)特定的稱謂,始于英宗正統(tǒng)初年,實(shí)為永樂(lè)遷都以來(lái)明代兩京制度漸次確立的產(chǎn)物,北遷的教坊司從此成為天下教坊之首,而原在南京的教坊司最終退居次位。因?yàn)檫@一地位的變化,位處留都的"南教坊",逐漸成為江南歌吹之地,也是南北士林、四方商旅往來(lái)風(fēng)雅之地;更重要的是,在兩京制度下,南教坊在明代樂(lè)制與演劇的變遷實(shí)際扮演著極為微妙的角色。簡(jiǎn)言之,正嘉以來(lái),一方面是俗樂(lè)大興,一方面是南教坊制度的日趨無(wú)序,其間種種曲事沉浮與文學(xué)往來(lái),已直接折射出江南士林復(fù)古樂(lè)思潮的消長(zhǎng),而成為我們窺探晚明曲壇古(雅)樂(lè)與今(俗)樂(lè)、北音與南音之變的重心所在。
[Abstract]:As early as Zhu Yuanzhang established the world, it was convenient for Nanjing to set up a department of teaching and learning, and set up a music institute and a government restaurant to dominate the world's official prostitutes. However, as a specific title, the "Southern religious Square" began in the early years of the British orthodoxy. In fact, it was the product of the gradual establishment of the two capital systems in Ming Dynasty since Yongle moved its capital. The division of the north moved to the north became the head of the world's teaching workshops, and the former one in Nanjing finally stepped down in the second place. As a result of this change in status, the "Nanjiaofang", which is located in the capital, has gradually become a place where songs are blowing in the south of the Yangtze River, and it is also a place where the South and North Scholars travel to and from other parts of the world. What is more, under the two Beijing systems, Nanjiaofang actually played a very delicate role in the changes of music system and drama in Ming Dynasty. In short, since Zheng Jia, on the one hand, there has been a great rise in popular music, and on the other hand, the system of Southern Jiefang has become increasingly disorderly. The ups and downs of all kinds of music and literary exchanges between them have directly reflected the rise and fall of the trend of thought of retro music in the south of the Yangtze River. It has become the focus of our exploration of ancient (elegant) music and today's (vulgar) music in the late Ming Dynasty, as well as the change of the north and the south.
【作者單位】： 華東師范大學(xué)中文系;
【分類號(hào)】：J809.2

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