本文選題：樂亭大鼓　切入點：民間曲藝　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：樂亭大鼓（讀作làoting）原名“樂亭腔”、“樂亭調(diào)”，是我國北方的主要民間說唱曲種之一。它根植于樂亭土壤，語言質(zhì)樸、歡快、幽默、詼諧，具有濃郁的地方氣息，是當(dāng)?shù)匚幕顬樾蜗蟮那楦斜磉_方式。 樂亭大鼓作為樂亭地區(qū)最具代表性的民間說唱藝術(shù)，板式完備，句式精煉，唱詞古樸委婉、剛?cè)嵯酀徽{(diào)靈活變幻、風(fēng)趣得體，它是鼓曲類藝術(shù)中發(fā)展比較成熟的一門地方曲藝。樂亭大鼓以純正的樂亭老呔方言為表演基調(diào)，飽含濃重的生活氣息和獨特的地方色彩，加之其所具有的審美、教育、娛樂和心理調(diào)適等功能，既滿足了當(dāng)?shù)孛癖娰|(zhì)樸的審美要求，又達到了宣泄、教化的目的，因而受到當(dāng)?shù)丶爸苓吶罕姷膹V泛喜愛。 樂亭大鼓作為樂亭地區(qū)一項民俗文化，記載著樂亭民眾的生活歷程，反映了樂亭民眾日常的人生觀、價值觀和審美觀，對研究樂亭地方文化有著極高的文化史價值。本文擬立足于民俗學(xué)本位，，聯(lián)系文藝美學(xué)、心理學(xué)、戲劇學(xué)等多學(xué)科知識，通過運用田野調(diào)查和文獻梳理相結(jié)合的方法，對樂亭大鼓從地方性審美角度進行文化闡釋，分析探究樂亭大鼓民俗的、社會的、心理的種種底蘊，力求通過解讀其豐富的文化內(nèi)涵，來關(guān)注和了解當(dāng)?shù)孛癖姷娜粘Ｉ�，并在樂亭大鼓表演和民眾生活的交叉互滲中探求樂亭大鼓的發(fā)展前景及未來走向。 本文由緒論、正文、結(jié)語三大部分組成，其中正文部分共五章內(nèi)容。 緒論部分交代了本文的選題目的和意義、本課題的研究現(xiàn)狀、資料來源與研究方法以及本文的理論創(chuàng)新與不足之處。 第一章為樂亭大鼓文化綜述。本章從歷史演變的角度對樂亭大鼓進行文化溯源，介紹樂亭大鼓名字的由來，并對樂亭大鼓的發(fā)展歷程進行階段性梳理。同時，為了更好地了解樂亭大鼓文化，筆者采用比較研究的方法，通過樂亭大鼓與京韻大鼓的域外比較和樂亭大鼓與樂亭皮影的域內(nèi)比較相結(jié)合的方式，突出樂亭老呔方言在樂亭地方文藝中不可替代的作用，凸顯出樂亭大鼓文化存在的獨特性地位。 第二章介紹了樂亭大鼓文化生成的地理環(huán)境和人文背景。樂亭大鼓作為樂亭土地上獨特的文化現(xiàn)象，是與當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀画h(huán)境、物質(zhì)生活方式，以及自然環(huán)境熏陶下當(dāng)?shù)厝说臍赓|(zhì)分不開的。其作為樂亭民俗文化的一部分，是樂亭人民傳統(tǒng)文化積淀的結(jié)果，反映著民間社區(qū)和集體的人群意愿，是他們質(zhì)樸心態(tài)的一種折射。本章擬從樂亭縣的地理環(huán)境、人文背景入手，分析自然、社會環(huán)境在樂亭大鼓文化形成發(fā)展過程中的決定性作用。 第三章內(nèi)容為樂亭大鼓與樂亭老呔文化基因關(guān)系建構(gòu)。本章從“呔”字入手，通過對樂亭老呔文化獨特性的分析，運用語言學(xué)和語言民俗學(xué)相關(guān)理論，直接引入樂亭民間俗語并加以分析，從而建立起樂亭大鼓與樂亭老呔方言的必然聯(lián)系，突出樂亭大鼓語言的詼諧性、娛樂性特征，凸顯樂亭大鼓的地方性美感。 第四章內(nèi)容為樂亭大鼓的民間表演。本章主要針對樂亭大鼓的表演者與觀眾以及雙方互動三方面內(nèi)容進行闡釋，運用巴赫金的“狂歡”詩學(xué)理論，從心理學(xué)、美學(xué)角度分析樂亭大鼓在當(dāng)?shù)孛癖娚钪谢钴S的原因。并通過分析得出樂亭大鼓所具有的狂歡性、生活化特征，以及教育性、娛樂性的民俗功能，進而探尋樂亭大鼓在當(dāng)?shù)貜V受民眾喜愛的深層原因。 第五章內(nèi)容為樂亭大鼓的地方性審美。本章內(nèi)容主要從語言學(xué)、文藝學(xué)和心理學(xué)的角度入手，通過對樂亭民眾的性格特征和審美心理的分析，總結(jié)出文化審美的地域性特點。此外，本章還借助文本分析與田野資料所得，進一步探尋樂亭大鼓在樂亭民眾日常生活中的意義，洞察其中所蘊藏的民眾的審美觀、人生觀和價值觀。 結(jié)語部分是對大眾文化包圍下的樂亭大鼓發(fā)展前景及未來走向的幾點思考。 隨著大眾文化時代的來臨，電視、電影、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等多種文化媒體的沖擊，以及現(xiàn)實生活的大變動，改變了人們以往傳統(tǒng)的生存方式和精神需求。樂亭大鼓能否在文化時代潮流中生存并傳承下去，值得我們思考，保護民族傳統(tǒng)文化更是我們民俗學(xué)人應(yīng)有的未來擔(dān)當(dāng)。在此部分，筆者分別從民間文化事象本身、民間藝人、以及國家政策的介入三個角度切入，并加以簡要分析，為以樂亭大鼓為代表的民間傳統(tǒng)文化的發(fā)展尋找新的路徑出謀劃策。
[Abstract]:Leting Dagu (read: l, oting) formerly known as "Leting cavity", "Leting", is one of the main folk music in northern China. It is rooted in the soil of Leting, the language is simple, cheerful, humorous, witty, with a strong local flavor, local culture expression for most images.
Leting drum in Leting as the most representative of the folk art, the plate is complete, the sentence is refined, lyrics simple euphemism, flexible tone changes, move among force and soft, witty and decent, it is relatively mature in a local folk art in Leting. The development of Guqu Dagu YISHION is the old Leting dialect to show tie tone, full of strong the flavor of life and unique local color, and its aesthetic, education, entertainment and psychological adjustment and other functions, both to meet the aesthetic requirements of the local people plain, and achieves the purpose of cultivation, catharsis, it is widely loved by the local and surrounding masses.
Leting drum in Leting as a folk culture, life history records of the people of Leting, reflecting Leting people's daily life, and aesthetic values, has a high cultural value for the study of history of the local culture of Leting. This paper based on folklore standard, with aesthetics, psychology, knowledge of drama so, by the combined method of using field investigation and literature review phase, the Leting drum Cultural Interpretation from the local aesthetic point of view, the analysis and research of Leting folk drum, society, all sorts of psychological stress for the foundation, through the interpretation of the rich cultural connotation, to pay attention to and understand the daily life of local people, development prospects and cross in Leting drum performances and people's life in Leting to explore the mutual infiltration of drum and the direction in the future.
This article is composed of three parts, the introduction, the main body and the conclusion, of which there are five chapters in the body part.
The introduction explains the purpose and significance of this topic, the research status of this subject, the sources and methods of the research, and the theoretical innovation and inadequacies of this paper.
The first chapter is the overview of Leting drum culture. The cultural source of Leting drum of this chapter from the perspective of historical evolution, the origin of its name in Leting, and the development process of Leting drum periodically comb. At the same time, in order to better understand the Leting drum culture, the author adopts the method of comparative study, through the Leting drum and food the Leting drum and drum comparison with Leting shadow domain comparison combination, highlighting the Leting dialect of old tires can not be replaced in Leting local literature and the role, highlighting the existence of Leting drum culture unique position.
The second chapter introduces the formation of Leting drum culture geographical environment and cultural background. Leting drum as a unique cultural phenomenon of land in Leting, with the local natural environment, life style, temperament and local natural environment inseparable. As part of the folk culture of Leting, the Leting people's traditional the result of cultural accumulation, reflects the folk communities and the crowds will, is a reflection of their pristine state of mind. This chapter from Leting County in the geographical environment, analysis of natural, cultural background, social environment formed a decisive role in the process of development in Leting drum culture.
The third chapter is the construction of Leting drum and Leting old tyres culture gene relationship. This chapter from the "Tai" to start, through the analysis of the unique culture of Leting old tyres, the use of linguistics and folklore theory, directly into the Leting folk proverb and analysis, so as to establish a link with Leting Leting drum old tyres Leting dialect, prominent language humorous drum, entertainment features, local beauty highlights Leting drum.
The fourth chapter is the Leting drum folk performances. In this chapter, Leting drum performer and audience interaction and three aspects of interpretation, the use of Bakhtin's Carnival Poetics Theory, from the perspective of aesthetics psychology, Leting drum in the local people causes active life. And through the analysis of Carnival of Leting drum with the living characteristics, education and entertainment, the function of folklore, and then explore the deep reasons of Leting drum widely loved by the people in the local.
The fifth chapter is the local aesthetic Leting drum. This chapter mainly from linguistics, literature and psychology perspective, through to the Leting people's character and aesthetic psychology analysis, summed up the characteristics of regional aesthetic culture. In addition, this chapter also by means of text analysis and field data, to further explore the significance Leting drum in Leting people's daily life, which contains insight into people's aesthetic outlook, outlook on life and values.
The concluding part is a few thoughts on the development prospect and future trend of Leting big drum surrounded by mass culture.
With the advent of the era of mass culture, television, movies, Internet and other cultural media, and large changes in real life, changed our traditional way of life and spiritual needs. Leting drum can survive and pass on the cultural trend of the times, is worth us thinking, the protection of the national traditional culture is our folklore should the future play. In this part, the author from the folk cultural phenomenon itself, folk artists, as well as national policy in three aspects, and briefly analyzed, to find a new path for the development of give advice and suggestions to Leting drum as the representative of the traditional folk culture.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：J826

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