本文關(guān)鍵詞：抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期隴東革命根據(jù)地民間小戲研究　出處：《西北師范大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

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【摘要】：民間小戲，是中國鄉(xiāng)村社會最具代表性的娛樂活動之一。隴東地區(qū)的民間小戲種類繁多，表演內(nèi)容豐富，是隴東人民主要的娛樂方式，更是他們鄉(xiāng)村文化的重要組成部分。 1937年抗日戰(zhàn)爭全面爆發(fā)后，隴東成為中共發(fā)展革命力量的重要地區(qū)，并在那里建立了隴東革命根據(jù)地。根據(jù)地政府為了宣傳革命、動員民眾，將隴東民間小戲利用并加以改造，為邊區(qū)民主政治建設(shè)和文化建設(shè)發(fā)揮了積極作用。 隴東分區(qū)成立后，共產(chǎn)黨對根據(jù)地民間小戲從內(nèi)容、形式上都進行了改造，使之打上了“革命性”烙印。特別是1942年以后，延安文藝座談會召開，，使隴東分區(qū)的民間小戲進入到新的階段。革命秧歌和社火，還有其他種類的民間小戲也在慶陽、環(huán)縣、曲子、華池、合水、鎮(zhèn)原等紅色區(qū)域蓬勃開展起來，其中有三首民歌還唱紅了整個邊區(qū)，受到了邊區(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的贊譽，其文化性與藝術(shù)性經(jīng)久不衰。 邊區(qū)政府對民間文化的改造在一定意義上促進了民眾的民族意識，也調(diào)動了生產(chǎn)積極性，這為其他根據(jù)地的革命文化建設(shè)樹立了榜樣。 本論文共包括七個部分，即緒論、五章內(nèi)容和結(jié)語。緒論部分論述了本篇文章的選題背景和緣由、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究重點和難點以及研究方法等四個方面。第一章從整體入手，概括了抗戰(zhàn)之前隴東民間小戲的發(fā)展狀況，包括隴東民間戲劇劇種介紹、民間戲班的生活狀況和國民黨對隴東民間小戲的摧殘與迫害；第二章是本篇論文的重點部分，論述了抗戰(zhàn)時期民間小戲被共產(chǎn)黨所改造的情況。主要包括對傳統(tǒng)劇目的改造，舊藝人的改造和外來劇團對隴東革命根據(jù)地文藝的貢獻；第三章介紹了抗戰(zhàn)進行到相持階段后，群眾文藝運動的興起使得原本以娛樂為主的民間小戲被政治教化所代替，在一定程度上促進了全民抗戰(zhàn)的勝利；第四章論述了延安文藝座談會后邊區(qū)政府制定了新的文藝政策，并對秦腔、皮影戲及各社團、劇團進行改造，展現(xiàn)出了被政府所改造下的民間小戲另一番情況。第五章則從政治、經(jīng)濟、文化和軍事四個方面來論述了民間小戲所帶來的影響。結(jié)論部分是對全文進行總結(jié)，指出抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期由于共產(chǎn)黨強大政治力量的滲透，使傳統(tǒng)民間小戲部分被利用和改造，成為共產(chǎn)黨宣傳抗日的輿論工具，這為新民主主義的勝利和反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭的勝利做出了應(yīng)有的貢獻。
[Abstract]:Folk drama is one of the most representative entertainment activities in Chinese rural society. There are many kinds of folk plays in Longdong area, and they are the main entertainment way of Longdong people. It is also an important part of their rural culture. In 1937, after the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, Longdong became an important area for the CPC to develop revolutionary forces, and established the Longdong Revolutionary Base area, where the government mobilized the people in order to propagate the revolution. Making use of and reforming the folk drama in Longdong has played an active role in the construction of democratic politics and culture in the border area. After the establishment of the Longdong Subarea, the Communist Party reformed the small folk drama in the base area in content and form, so that it was branded as "revolutionary." especially after 1942, the Yenan Literature and Art Symposium was held. The folk drama in Longdong district entered a new stage. The revolutionary Yangge and social fire, as well as other kinds of folk drama in Qingyang, Huanxian, tunes, Huachi, Heshui, Zhenyuan and other red areas flourished. Among them, three folk songs also sang the whole border area, and received praise from the leaders of the border area, whose cultural and artistic character has been enduring for a long time. The transformation of folk culture by the government of the border region has promoted the national consciousness of the people and aroused the enthusiasm of production to a certain extent, which has set an example for the construction of revolutionary culture in other base areas. This thesis consists of seven parts, namely, introduction, five chapters and conclusion. The introduction discusses the background and reasons of this article, the research status quo. The first chapter summarizes the development of Longdong Folk Drama before the Anti-Japanese War, including the introduction of Longdong Folk Drama. The living conditions of folk opera troupes and the destruction and persecution of folk drama in Longdong by the Kuomintang; The second chapter is the key part of this paper, which discusses the transformation of the small folk drama by the Communist Party during the War of Resistance against Japan, mainly including the transformation of the traditional repertoire. The transformation of old entertainers and the contribution of foreign theatrical troupes to the literature and art of Longdong revolutionary base area; The third chapter introduces that the rise of mass literature and art movement made the folk drama, which was based on entertainment, replaced by political education, to a certain extent, promoted the victory of the whole people's anti-Japanese war after the War of Resistance against Japan went on to the stage of stalemate. Chapter 4th discusses the Yanan literature and art forum after the district government formulated a new literature and art policy, and the Qin Opera, shadow play and various associations, theatrical troupes to reform. 5th chapter from the political, economic, cultural and military aspects to discuss the impact of small folk drama. The conclusion is a summary of the full text. It is pointed out that during the War of Resistance against Japan, because of the infiltration of the strong political power of the Communist Party, the part of the traditional folk drama was used and reformed, and it became the public opinion tool for the Communist Party to propagate the resistance against Japan. This has made due contributions to the victory of the new democracy and the victory of the anti-fascist war.
【學位授予單位】：西北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：J809.2

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