在世界文學(xué)史上,莎士比亞的《十四行詩》是經(jīng)得起歷史考驗(yàn)的。在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期,就當(dāng)時(shí)的藝術(shù)高度來說,它把真善美統(tǒng)一起來了。它不是平庸地摩寫文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期英國社會(huì)生活,而是以其優(yōu)美的形式與高度的技巧,藝術(shù)地概括了真實(shí)的社會(huì)生活。它的激動(dòng)人、感染人的藝術(shù)魅力引起人的美感,給人以美的享受。它的真正生命力體現(xiàn)在它將人性中美好的東西,即真、善、美有機(jī)的統(tǒng)一起來。 如同十四行詩一樣,莎士比亞四大悲劇最重要、最進(jìn)步的思想內(nèi)容就是對人性中陰暗一面即假、惡、丑的暴露與批判。隨著他對社會(huì)本質(zhì)的進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí),從而對人性、對人的內(nèi)心世界有了更深刻的理解。他還看到人性并非十全十美,它包括野心、貪婪、情欲等各種罪惡成分,只要條件許可,他們就可能惡性膨脹起來,把人自身毀滅掉,麥克白走的就是這條路。更可貴的是人性并非先天決定的,也并非一成不變的,權(quán)利和地位可使人喪失人性、喪失自我,痛苦的遭遇又會(huì)把人性中美好的東西喚醒,比如李爾王。 在四大悲劇中,莎士比亞對人性全面深刻的認(rèn)識(shí),使他的悲劇能向我們展示廣闊的人生,在這里我們可以聽到強(qiáng)者的咆哮、弱者的呻吟、勝利者的歡笑、失敗者的哀鳴。我們可以看到,有的人斗爭是為了正...

【文章頁數(shù)】：63 頁

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Development of Human Nature in Shakespeare's Times
    2.1 On Literature
    2.2 On Art
    2.3 The Criticism on Scholasticism
    2.4 On Politics
    2.5 On the Development of Modern History
    2.6 On Education
        2.6.1 New-style schools set up
        2.6.2 The features of new-style school education
    2.7 On Morality
        2.7.1 Individual outlook on values
        2.7.2 Individual outlook of happiness
        2.7.3 On the equality between men and women
3 Human Nature in the Four Great Tragedies and Sonnets
    3.1 On Ethics
    3.2 On Humanistic Ideology
    3.3 On the Attitudes Towards Society
    3.4 On the Defects on Personality That Cause Tragedy
        3.4.1 Hamlet—the tragedy caused by indecisiveness
        3.4.2 Othello—tragedy caused suspicion and jealousy
        3.4.3 Macbeth—a tragedy by desire for power and careerism
        3.4.4 King Lear—the tragedy caused by arbitrariness
    3.5 Sonnets—the Combination of Truth, Kindness and Fairness
4 Shakespeare's Eventual Dialectical Attitude Towards Human Nature
5 Evaluation: Merits and Limitations
6 Conclusion
7 Notes
8 Bibliography
The articles were published during reading for master's degree
Acknowledgements



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