薇拉·凱瑟（Willa Cather，1873-1947）是近年來(lái)美國(guó)評(píng)論界所公認(rèn)的20世紀(jì)美國(guó)最杰出的小說(shuō)家之一，躋身于德萊塞、海明威、�？思{等作家行列。其作品多取材于家鄉(xiāng)內(nèi)布拉斯加，創(chuàng)作富有地方特色。作品結(jié)構(gòu)勻稱，節(jié)奏舒緩從容，文字清新優(yōu)美。早期作品以西部邊疆拓荒生活為題材，因此被認(rèn)為是美國(guó)西部拓荒經(jīng)歷的象征。本文從薇拉·凱瑟早期發(fā)表的作品，即短篇小說(shuō)集《輪唱花園》（1905）中的《瓦格納日?qǐng)觥泛椭衅≌f(shuō)《波希米亞女郎》（1912）入手，挖掘作家在早期作品中對(duì)昔日西部拓荒生活的懷戀及對(duì)西部土地的深深眷戀之情。西部的生活雖單調(diào)、枯燥、壓抑人性，但多年來(lái)人與自然的磨合卻令逃離者難以割舍，而這塊曾經(jīng)荒蕪、貧瘠的西部大地又猶如磁鐵一般絆住了逃離者的雙腳，使他最終回到了西部大地——母親的懷抱。這恰恰暗含了凱瑟晚年對(duì)拓荒主題的回歸。1913年發(fā)表的《啊，拓荒者!》這部確立凱瑟一流小說(shuō)家地位的小說(shuō)是作家寫作生涯的一個(gè)重要里程碑。如果說(shuō)在此之前凱瑟是懷著既厭惡又眷戀的矛盾之情來(lái)描述拓荒生活的話，那么在這部作品中，作家滿懷深情地歌頌了東歐和北歐移民在西部拓荒過(guò)程中所體現(xiàn)的人性之美以及披荊斬棘、勇往直... 

【文章來(lái)源】：上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)上海市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：67 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgements
內(nèi)容提要
Abstract
Introduction
    0.1 Willa Cather—Her Writing Experience and Her Art Styles
    0.2 Willa Cather—Her Pioneering works and Her Pioneering Themes
Chapter Ⅰ Accolades of Pioneering Spirits Glittering in Repressive Life
    1.1 Depersonalized Pioneer Life
    1.2 The Maternal land's Magnetization for Escapees
    1.3 Physical and Psychological Adaptation to Pioneer Life
    1.4 Distinguished Qualities among Pioneers
        1.4.1 Creativity vs. Conformity
        1.4.2 Valiancy vs. Faintheartedness
        1.4.3 Self-sacrifice vs. Self-centeredness
Chapter Ⅱ Grief over Pioneering Spirits Glooming in Materialized Urbanism
    2.1 Spiritual Slope in Splitting from the Maternal Land
    2.2 Replacement of Pioneers' Kinship with Nature by Materialized Social Circles
    2.3 Substitute of Cynicism and Mammonism for Christianity
Chapter Ⅲ Grief over Lost Ladies' Vanity in Comparison with Pioneering Ladies' Fulfillment
    3.1 Lost Ladies' Financial Reliance vs. Pioneering Ladies' Financial Independence
    3.2 Lost Ladies' Marital Betrayal vs. Pioneering Ladies' Wholesome Love
        3.2.1 Marian Forrest and Myra Henshawe's Betrayal of Marriage
        3.2.2 Alexandra and Antonia's Wholesome Loyalty to Love
Conclusion: Reminiscence of the Glory of Pioneering Spirits
Bibliography



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