論毛姆小說對現(xiàn)代人得救之道的探索
發(fā)布時間：2020-11-16 14:22
威廉·薩默塞特·毛姆是二十世紀最有魅力的文學巨匠之一。本文旨在研讀毛姆的幾部作品的基礎(chǔ)上探討于現(xiàn)代人精神家園喪失的本質(zhì)以及面臨的精神危機。通過對毛姆在不同時期的三部作品《人性的枷鎖》、《月亮和六便士》和《刀鋒》的研究,本文主要分析了毛姆對于現(xiàn)代人得救之道的探索。 二十世紀以來人類思想意識的轉(zhuǎn)變在毛姆的小說中表現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致。首先,理性主義的發(fā)展導致了對于基督教權(quán)威的質(zhì)疑,精神危機開始在人們心中扎根。其次,《物種起源》的發(fā)表極大地震動了人類的宗教感情,人類意識到自身并不是“萬物之靈長,宇宙之精華”,只是受到教化的動物而已。最后,精神分析學開辟了人類自我認識的新領(lǐng)域,從根本上改變了對人類本性的看法。毛姆正是生活在這個傳統(tǒng)意識受到顛覆的時期。他的作品反映了西方人對于社會幻想的破滅,對人生意義的漫長探索。 在第一章中,本文作者從人性問題出發(fā),對毛姆的三部長篇小說加以分析,概述了毛姆小說創(chuàng)作的風格。第二章以毛姆的半自傳體長篇小說《人性的枷鎖》為代表,從精神分析的角度論述主人公尋找精神家園旅程的開端。第三章進一步論述毛姆對于人性的探索。以《月亮和六便士》為代表,毛姆揭示了對人性自由的追求與社會現(xiàn)實之間的矛盾。運用馬克思主義批評的方法,作者說明了毛姆作為一個“貴族”式的英國“流亡者”,與英國社會資產(chǎn)階級的商業(yè)主義之間難以捉摸的關(guān)系。第四章以《刀鋒》為代表,論述了在表現(xiàn)主義思潮盛行之時,毛姆對于人性探索的最終結(jié)果。第五章以弗洛伊德精神分析理論為主線,系統(tǒng)闡述了三部作品作為毛姆無意識心理反映的意義。最后得出結(jié)論:毛姆把自己的感情投射到三位主人公身上,通過創(chuàng)作為現(xiàn)代人探索出一條得救之道。 毛姆的三部長篇代表作,分別創(chuàng)作于他人生的中期、后期和晚期,這三部作品中灌注了毛姆在不同階段的人生體驗和思考,即一個尋求——掌握——超越的心路歷程�；谝陨戏治�,我們可以清楚地看到毛姆在創(chuàng)作中由現(xiàn)實轉(zhuǎn)向幻想,最終獲得超越。
【學位單位】：蘭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位年份】：2006
【中圖分類】：I561.074
【文章目錄】：
Abstract （in English）
Abstract （in Chinese）
Introduction
1. W. S. Maugham and His Works
2. Maugham and His Works in China
3. Main Chapters of the Thesis
4. Critical Theories Applied
Chapter One A Survey of the Historical Study of Human Nature and Maugham's Contribution to the Issue
1.1 The Spiritual Status Quo of the Western World
1.2 Existentialism in the 20th Century and its Influence on Maugham
1.2.1 Camus: the Absurd Hero Sisyphus and His Reflection in Maugham's Heroes
1.2.2 Absurdity in Maugham's Works
1.2.3 Exoticism in Maugham's Works: an Escape and a Channel of Cultural Communication
Chapter Two Freedom From Bondages: Philip's Struggle to Learn Himself
2.1 A Synopsis of Of Human Bondage: a Semi-autobiography and an Initiation Story
2.2 Disillusion and Vacillation
2.2.1 Disillusion with Christianity
2.2.2. Disillusion with Love
2.2.3 Suicide Tendency as a Motif Connected with Absurdity
2.2.4 A Happy Ending
2.3 Maugham's Dualism on Human Nature
Chapter Three The Reawakening of Human Nature: Strickland's Efforts to Establish Himself as a Being
3.1 A Synopsis of The Moon and Sixpence: the Title and the Theme
3.1.1 The Absurd Man with Naturalist Idiosyncrasy
3.1.2 Initiation Hues in the Novel
3.2 A Differentia of Strickland's Character Analysis
3.2.1 Strickland's Character by the Western Criterion
3.2.2 Strickland's Character by the Eastern Criterion
3.2.3 The Reawakening of Human Nature
Chapter Four Glory in the Quest for Spiritual Life: Larry's Attitude as a Connoisseur of Life
4.1 A Synopsis of The Razor's Edge
4.2 Elliott Templeton—Admirer of the Old Tradition
4.3 Isabel and Gray: Conventionalists
4.4 Sophie MacDonald: A Rebel as a Prostitute
4.5 Larry: An Absurd Hero as a Sage in the West
Chapter Five The Construction of Modern Man's Spiritual Life as the Mutual Theme of the Three Novels
5.1 A Psychoanalysis of the Three Protagonists
5.2 Maugham's Specific Way of Remolding the Western Soul
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
【引證文獻】
本文編號：2886331
【學位單位】：蘭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位年份】：2006
【中圖分類】：I561.074
【文章目錄】：
Abstract （in English）
Abstract （in Chinese）
Introduction
1. W. S. Maugham and His Works
2. Maugham and His Works in China
3. Main Chapters of the Thesis
4. Critical Theories Applied
Chapter One A Survey of the Historical Study of Human Nature and Maugham's Contribution to the Issue
1.1 The Spiritual Status Quo of the Western World
1.2 Existentialism in the 20th Century and its Influence on Maugham
1.2.1 Camus: the Absurd Hero Sisyphus and His Reflection in Maugham's Heroes
1.2.2 Absurdity in Maugham's Works
1.2.3 Exoticism in Maugham's Works: an Escape and a Channel of Cultural Communication
Chapter Two Freedom From Bondages: Philip's Struggle to Learn Himself
2.1 A Synopsis of Of Human Bondage: a Semi-autobiography and an Initiation Story
2.2 Disillusion and Vacillation
2.2.1 Disillusion with Christianity
2.2.2. Disillusion with Love
2.2.3 Suicide Tendency as a Motif Connected with Absurdity
2.2.4 A Happy Ending
2.3 Maugham's Dualism on Human Nature
Chapter Three The Reawakening of Human Nature: Strickland's Efforts to Establish Himself as a Being
3.1 A Synopsis of The Moon and Sixpence: the Title and the Theme
3.1.1 The Absurd Man with Naturalist Idiosyncrasy
3.1.2 Initiation Hues in the Novel
3.2 A Differentia of Strickland's Character Analysis
3.2.1 Strickland's Character by the Western Criterion
3.2.2 Strickland's Character by the Eastern Criterion
3.2.3 The Reawakening of Human Nature
Chapter Four Glory in the Quest for Spiritual Life: Larry's Attitude as a Connoisseur of Life
4.1 A Synopsis of The Razor's Edge
4.2 Elliott Templeton—Admirer of the Old Tradition
4.3 Isabel and Gray: Conventionalists
4.4 Sophie MacDonald: A Rebel as a Prostitute
4.5 Larry: An Absurd Hero as a Sage in the West
Chapter Five The Construction of Modern Man's Spiritual Life as the Mutual Theme of the Three Novels
5.1 A Psychoanalysis of the Three Protagonists
5.2 Maugham's Specific Way of Remolding the Western Soul
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前2條
1 彭龍富;人性的限制與突圍[D];湘潭大學;2010年
2 葉群;分析心理學視野下的思特里克蘭德的研究[D];寧波大學;2012年
本文編號：2886331
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