【摘要】：在世界文學(xué)史上，賽珍珠是20世紀(jì)中美文壇上頗具有爭(zhēng)議的女性作家。她一生創(chuàng)作了許多反映中國(guó)，特別是中國(guó)農(nóng)村為題材的小說(shuō)作品。1938年，她藉著系列小說(shuō)《大地三部曲》一舉成名，并獲得了諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)以及是美國(guó)第一個(gè)獲此獎(jiǎng)的女性作家。本文嘗試以生態(tài)女性主義為視角，揭示作品文本中賽珍珠的生態(tài)女性主義意識(shí)，作品中的女人與自然、男人與女人和男人與自然的關(guān)系，以期更好的重新解讀小說(shuō)。 論文分為五個(gè)章節(jié): 第一章介紹作者生平及《大地》的故事梗概。 第二章是文獻(xiàn)綜述回顧國(guó)內(nèi)外文學(xué)界對(duì)《大地》的主要評(píng)價(jià)。旨在說(shuō)明選擇生態(tài)女性主義視角解讀《大地》的原因和該研究的意義。 第三章論文的理論框架部分。生態(tài)女性主義是生態(tài)運(yùn)動(dòng)和女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，發(fā)軔于20世紀(jì)70年代，直到20世紀(jì)90年代才成為文學(xué)批評(píng)理論的一部分。自它問(wèn)世以來(lái)，學(xué)者們針對(duì)它的不同方面各持意見(jiàn)。它的基本思想是父權(quán)制社會(huì)對(duì)女性的壓迫核對(duì)自然界主宰之間的聯(lián)系。生態(tài)女性主義者的目的是通過(guò)生態(tài)女性主義思想建立一個(gè)男性和女性與自然之間和諧的生態(tài)關(guān)系。在《大地》中自然和女性以及男性之間的關(guān)系與生態(tài)女性主義的基本思想相吻合。 第四章借助對(duì)賽珍珠《大地》中的實(shí)例，本文將從三個(gè)方面探討她的生態(tài)女性主義思想：首先通過(guò)對(duì)小說(shuō)中女性化了的自然和自然化了的女性的分析，表現(xiàn)了自然和女性之間的象征關(guān)系。在父權(quán)制社會(huì)中自然和女性的他者地位也加強(qiáng)了他們彼此之間的這種聯(lián)系。其次與同時(shí)代的女性作家相比，在《大地》中賽珍珠敏銳地覺(jué)察到了男性與自然之間復(fù)雜聯(lián)系，及主人公王龍一生中和大地之間分分合合的關(guān)系。在男性主宰的社會(huì)中大地不只是他者的地位，在物質(zhì)和精神上王龍都依靠著大地。同時(shí)還有在婚姻中王龍對(duì)阿蘭壓迫和依賴(lài)關(guān)系。盡管賽珍珠揭露和控訴父權(quán)社會(huì)對(duì)自然和女性的雙重壓迫命運(yùn)，她也對(duì)理想的男性、女性和自然關(guān)系進(jìn)行了的探索�！洞蟮亍分心行�、女性和自然之間的依附關(guān)系就體現(xiàn)了賽珍珠是一個(gè)以女性原則和生態(tài)原則為基礎(chǔ)的統(tǒng)一多樣性思想。 第五章是論文的結(jié)論部分。通過(guò)對(duì)《大地》作品的分析總結(jié)得出，雖然賽珍珠受時(shí)代的限制，但是作為一個(gè)父權(quán)制社會(huì)下生態(tài)女性主義的先鋒，她對(duì)男性、女性和自然之間的和諧關(guān)系給予極大的關(guān)注。男性、女性和自然之間的依附關(guān)系體現(xiàn)了賽珍珠的生態(tài)女性主義思想，，同時(shí)也是生態(tài)女性主義的核心內(nèi)容。在當(dāng)今弱勢(shì)群體受歧視和自然生態(tài)受破壞的時(shí)代背景下，賽珍珠所倡導(dǎo)的男性，女性和自然之間的依附關(guān)系有利于社會(huì)的可持續(xù)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。她為父權(quán)制社會(huì)樹(shù)立了理想的生態(tài)女性主義典范。通過(guò)以生態(tài)女性主義視角研究《大地》這樣一部經(jīng)典作品，有利于對(duì)賽珍珠和她作品的研究提供一個(gè)新的視角。
[Abstract]:In the history of world literature, Pearl Buck is a controversial female writer in Chinese and American literary circles in the 20 th century. In her life, she created many novels about China, especially in rural China. In 1938, she became famous by a series of novels, the Earth Trilogy. She won the Nobel Prize for Literature and was the first female writer in the United States to win the prize. From the perspective of ecological feminism, this paper attempts to reveal Pearl Buck's consciousness of ecological feminism, the relationship between women and nature, between men and women and between men and nature, in order to better reinterpret the novel. The thesis is divided into five chapters: the first chapter introduces the author's life and the outline of the story of the Earth. The second chapter is a review of literature at home and abroad on the main evaluation of the Earth. The purpose of this paper is to explain the reasons for reading the Earth from the perspective of ecological feminism and the significance of the study. The third chapter is the theoretical framework of the thesis. Eco-feminism is the result of the combination of ecological movement and feminist movement, which originated in the 1970s and became a part of literary criticism theory until the 1990s. Since its inception, scholars have had different opinions on different aspects of it. Its basic idea is that patriarchal society oppresses women and checks the relationship between the masters of nature. The aim of eco-feminists is to establish a harmonious ecological relationship between men and women and nature through the thought of ecological feminism. The relationship between nature and women and men in the Land coincides with the basic ideas of ecological feminism. In the fourth chapter, with the help of the examples of Pearl Buck in the Earth, this paper will discuss her eco-feminism from three aspects: firstly, through the analysis of the feminized nature and the naturalized women in the novel, It shows the symbolic relationship between nature and women. The other status of nature and women in patriarchal societies also reinforces this connection between them. Secondly, compared with contemporary female writers, Pearl Buck is acutely aware of the complex relationship between man and nature and the relationship between Wang long's life and the earth. In a male-dominated society, the earth is not just the position of the other, but both materially and spiritually. At the same time, in marriage, Wang long oppressed and depended on Alan. Although Pearl Buck exposed and accused the patriarchal society of the double oppressive fate of nature and women, she also explored the relationship between ideal men, women and nature. The dependence between women and nature reflects Pearl Buck's thought of unity and diversity based on the principles of women and ecology. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of the paper. Though Pearl Buck is limited by the times, as a pioneer of ecological feminism in a patriarchal society, she pays great attention to the harmonious relationship between men, women and nature. The dependence between man, woman and nature embodies Pearl Buck's thought of ecological feminism and is also the core content of ecological feminism. Under the background of the vulnerable groups being discriminated against and the natural ecology being destroyed, Pearl Buck advocated the dependence between men, women and nature, which is conducive to the sustainable and stable development of society. She set an ideal model of ecological feminism for the patriarchal society. Through the study of such a classic work as Eco-Feminism, Pearl Buck and her works provide a new perspective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：I712.074

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