《擁有陰影的女人》中伊法妮的創(chuàng)傷性解讀
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-10 16:38
【摘要】：《擁有陰影的女人》是美國(guó)當(dāng)代著名印第安女作家、詩(shī)人、評(píng)論家和學(xué)者波拉·甘·艾倫唯一的一部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)，也是她歷經(jīng)人生中最痛苦迷茫的的低谷時(shí)期，嘔心瀝血13年所著成的一部帶有自傳體風(fēng)格的小說(shuō)。該書發(fā)表于1983年，發(fā)表后受到美國(guó)文學(xué)界的好評(píng),但是在中國(guó)文學(xué)界卻并未引起強(qiáng)烈反響，至今也并未出現(xiàn)漢語(yǔ)譯本。近年來(lái)，我國(guó)對(duì)印第安文學(xué)的研究方興未艾，已經(jīng)有學(xué)者開始專注于對(duì)印第安文學(xué)的研究，但是對(duì)《擁有陰影的女人》這部小說(shuō)的研究卻是寥寥無(wú)幾，本文試圖用創(chuàng)傷理論解讀《擁有陰影的女人》這部小說(shuō)。 小說(shuō)主人公伊法妮·阿頓休由于自己混血印第安人的特殊身份，從小被排斥在印第安部落和白人文化之外，邊緣化的社會(huì)地位是她心靈受到創(chuàng)傷的根本原因。從蘋果樹上跌落后，身體的疼痛和內(nèi)心的煎熬與羞愧使她對(duì)自己的身份、能力產(chǎn)生懷疑和否定。后來(lái)又由于自己童年時(shí)代表現(xiàn)出的同性戀傾向而被好朋友拋棄，以致她直到成年后也還在逃避自己的同性戀身份。這一系列的創(chuàng)傷事件使伊法妮陷入了嚴(yán)重的精神危機(jī)之中，表現(xiàn)出了嚴(yán)重的創(chuàng)傷癥狀，被噩夢(mèng)纏繞，對(duì)自己和外界感到疏離，并多次企圖自殺，最后在朋友和祖母的幫助下，伊法妮得以重新審視印第安傳統(tǒng)故事，對(duì)創(chuàng)傷事件有了全新的理解，告別了沉痛的過(guò)去并且找到生命的意義，最終得以恢復(fù)。本文通過(guò)文本的細(xì)讀，結(jié)合創(chuàng)傷理論，從主人公所經(jīng)歷的創(chuàng)傷事件，表現(xiàn)出的創(chuàng)傷癥狀以及創(chuàng)傷治愈的過(guò)程可以發(fā)現(xiàn)印第安口頭傳統(tǒng)在治療當(dāng)代印第安人種族創(chuàng)傷過(guò)程中扮演著重要角色，印第安口頭傳統(tǒng)對(duì)疏離的個(gè)人和群體的治療作用是艾倫這部小說(shuō)的一個(gè)重要主題，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)和歷史的研究可以更好地把握現(xiàn)在，創(chuàng)造未來(lái)。 除了引言的結(jié)論，全文共分為四章： 引言部分簡(jiǎn)略地介紹了作者、作品內(nèi)容，并對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)作品的研究進(jìn)行了概括和綜述，從而引出本文的研究目的及意義。 第一章概述了創(chuàng)傷理論。本章首先明確了創(chuàng)傷的概念，概述了創(chuàng)傷理論的起源，創(chuàng)傷理論的發(fā)展，介紹了創(chuàng)傷理論與文學(xué)的結(jié)合；然后介紹了本文中所要用到的創(chuàng)傷理論，為后面各章的分析奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。 第二章詳細(xì)闡述了主人公伊法妮創(chuàng)傷的過(guò)程和經(jīng)歷，其中包括造成創(chuàng)傷的 第三章根本原因和直接誘因。白人和印第安人的雙重排斥是伊法妮受到創(chuàng)傷的根本原因和前提條件，從蘋果樹上墜落和好朋友的離棄則直接觸發(fā)了伊法妮的創(chuàng)傷。 第三章詳細(xì)探討了伊法妮傷受到創(chuàng)傷以后表現(xiàn)出的癥狀。其主要表現(xiàn)為噩夢(mèng)不斷，對(duì)自身和外界的隔絕與疏離，并且出現(xiàn)自殺傾向。 第四章主要分析伊法妮創(chuàng)傷的復(fù)原。朋友特瑞莎幫助伊法妮恢復(fù)了對(duì)外界的安全感，并且讓伊法妮對(duì)自己的同性戀身份有了全新的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解，克服了她對(duì)同性戀身份的恐慌。通過(guò)與祖母和印第安女神的通靈，伊法妮回憶起古老的印第安口頭傳統(tǒng)，并自身的遭遇與印第安傳統(tǒng)故事中的女神結(jié)合起來(lái)，理解了自己印第安故事中“墜落”的真正內(nèi)涵，找回了自己的印第安身份，并且明白了自己所肩負(fù)的責(zé)任，從而走出了創(chuàng)傷。 最后一章得出結(jié)論：主人公伊法妮的心理發(fā)展軌跡與創(chuàng)傷復(fù)原過(guò)程與創(chuàng)傷理論相契合，，用創(chuàng)傷理論來(lái)分析該作品是可行的。從伊法妮的恢復(fù)過(guò)程可以看出，印第安口頭傳統(tǒng)對(duì)伊法妮創(chuàng)傷的恢復(fù)有著重要作用，印第安傳統(tǒng)文化對(duì)當(dāng)代陷入身份困境的因地安人具有治療作用，是當(dāng)代印第安文學(xué)中的一個(gè)重要主題，希望通過(guò)對(duì)《擁有陰影的女人》進(jìn)行創(chuàng)傷性解讀，可以豐富對(duì)印第安文學(xué)的研究。
[Abstract]:The Woman with Shadows is the only novel written by the famous contemporary American Indian woman writer, poet, critic and scholar, Paula Gan Allen. It is also a novel with autobiographical style, which was published in 1983 and received after 13 years of painful and confused depression in her life. In recent years, the study of Indian literature in China is in the ascendant. Scholars have begun to focus on the study of Indian literature, but the study of The Woman with Shadows is rare. This article attempts to interpret the novel "shadow woman" by trauma theory.
Because of her mixed-race Indian identity, the novel's protagonist, Effanie Aton Hugh, was excluded from the Indian tribe and the white culture from her childhood. Marginalization of social status was the fundamental cause of her trauma. Falling from the apple tree, physical pain and inner suffering and shame made her self-identity and ability. Then she was abandoned by her good friends because of her homosexual tendencies in childhood, so that she escaped her homosexual identity even in adulthood. This series of traumatic events plunged Evani into a serious mental crisis, showed serious traumatic symptoms, was haunted by nightmares, right. With the help of her friends and grandmother, Evanie was able to re-examine the traditional Indian stories, gain a new understanding of traumatic events, bid farewell to the painful past and find the meaning of life, and finally recover. The traumatic events, symptoms and healing process of the hero can be found that the Indian oral tradition plays an important role in the treatment of the ethnic trauma of contemporary Indians. The therapeutic effect of the Indian oral tradition on alienated individuals and groups is an important theme of Allen's novel. The study of unification and history can better grasp the present and create the future.
In addition to the conclusion of the introduction, the full text is divided into four chapters.
The introduction briefly introduces the author and the content of the work, and summarizes the research on the works at home and abroad, thus leading to the purpose and significance of this study.
In the first chapter, the concept of trauma is defined, the origin of trauma theory, the development of trauma theory and the combination of trauma theory and literature are summarized.
The second chapter elaborates on the trauma process and experience of the hero, Fanny, including trauma.
Chapter Three is the root cause and direct inducement. The dual exclusion of the white and Indians is the basic cause and prerequisite for the wound. Falling from the apple tree and the abandonment of a good friend directly triggered the wound.
The third chapter discusses in detail the symptoms of Evani's trauma, which are characterized by nightmares, isolation and alienation from herself and the outside world, and suicidal tendencies.
Chapter Four focuses on the recovery of Evanie's trauma. Friend Teresa helps Evanie regain her sense of security from the outside world, and gives her a new understanding of her homosexual identity and overcomes her fear of homosexuality. By channeling with her grandmother and Indian goddess, Evanie recalls the ancient Indians. The oral tradition of the Indians, combined with their own experiences with the goddess in the traditional Indian stories, comprehends the true meaning of the "fall" in their Indian stories, regains their Indian identity, and understands their responsibilities, thus out of the trauma.
The last chapter concludes that the psychological development of the protagonist Evani is consistent with the trauma recovery process and trauma theory, and it is feasible to analyze the work with trauma theory. It is hoped that the traumatic interpretation of Woman with Shadows will enrich the study of Indian literature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
本文編號(hào)：2235007
[Abstract]:The Woman with Shadows is the only novel written by the famous contemporary American Indian woman writer, poet, critic and scholar, Paula Gan Allen. It is also a novel with autobiographical style, which was published in 1983 and received after 13 years of painful and confused depression in her life. In recent years, the study of Indian literature in China is in the ascendant. Scholars have begun to focus on the study of Indian literature, but the study of The Woman with Shadows is rare. This article attempts to interpret the novel "shadow woman" by trauma theory.
Because of her mixed-race Indian identity, the novel's protagonist, Effanie Aton Hugh, was excluded from the Indian tribe and the white culture from her childhood. Marginalization of social status was the fundamental cause of her trauma. Falling from the apple tree, physical pain and inner suffering and shame made her self-identity and ability. Then she was abandoned by her good friends because of her homosexual tendencies in childhood, so that she escaped her homosexual identity even in adulthood. This series of traumatic events plunged Evani into a serious mental crisis, showed serious traumatic symptoms, was haunted by nightmares, right. With the help of her friends and grandmother, Evanie was able to re-examine the traditional Indian stories, gain a new understanding of traumatic events, bid farewell to the painful past and find the meaning of life, and finally recover. The traumatic events, symptoms and healing process of the hero can be found that the Indian oral tradition plays an important role in the treatment of the ethnic trauma of contemporary Indians. The therapeutic effect of the Indian oral tradition on alienated individuals and groups is an important theme of Allen's novel. The study of unification and history can better grasp the present and create the future.
In addition to the conclusion of the introduction, the full text is divided into four chapters.
The introduction briefly introduces the author and the content of the work, and summarizes the research on the works at home and abroad, thus leading to the purpose and significance of this study.
In the first chapter, the concept of trauma is defined, the origin of trauma theory, the development of trauma theory and the combination of trauma theory and literature are summarized.
The second chapter elaborates on the trauma process and experience of the hero, Fanny, including trauma.
Chapter Three is the root cause and direct inducement. The dual exclusion of the white and Indians is the basic cause and prerequisite for the wound. Falling from the apple tree and the abandonment of a good friend directly triggered the wound.
The third chapter discusses in detail the symptoms of Evani's trauma, which are characterized by nightmares, isolation and alienation from herself and the outside world, and suicidal tendencies.
Chapter Four focuses on the recovery of Evanie's trauma. Friend Teresa helps Evanie regain her sense of security from the outside world, and gives her a new understanding of her homosexual identity and overcomes her fear of homosexuality. By channeling with her grandmother and Indian goddess, Evanie recalls the ancient Indians. The oral tradition of the Indians, combined with their own experiences with the goddess in the traditional Indian stories, comprehends the true meaning of the "fall" in their Indian stories, regains their Indian identity, and understands their responsibilities, thus out of the trauma.
The last chapter concludes that the psychological development of the protagonist Evani is consistent with the trauma recovery process and trauma theory, and it is feasible to analyze the work with trauma theory. It is hoped that the traumatic interpretation of Woman with Shadows will enrich the study of Indian literature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
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