【摘要】：愛德華摩根福斯特和弗吉尼亞伍爾夫是二十世紀早期英國文學的代表人物。他們同是倫敦文學界的核心人物,同時也是布盧姆茨伯里派(Bloomsbury Group)的成員。他們的作品都以描寫人物的內(nèi)心世界見長,作品筆下的人物命運安排往往令人不可預測卻又鋪敘自然。這其中的代表作就有福斯特的《莫里斯》和伍爾夫的《奧蘭多》。小說自從發(fā)表后就備受關(guān)注,多年來被人們從各個角度進行解讀。 進入20世紀90年代,一種新的關(guān)于性與性別的理論在西方盛行,這就是酷兒理論。美國理論家安娜瑪麗雅格斯提出酷兒理論是關(guān)于性、性別和性欲望方面的所有‘非正�！F(xiàn)象的研究。除了傳統(tǒng)意義上的男女同性戀現(xiàn)象以外,它還包括易裝、陰陽同體、變性以及所謂“第三性”現(xiàn)象。 酷兒理論的重要內(nèi)容之一便是質(zhì)疑異性戀霸權(quán),反對傳統(tǒng)觀念對所有在性傾向方面與主流文化和占統(tǒng)治地位的社會性別規(guī)范或性規(guī)范不符的人們的歧視和壓迫。但它并不是像許多人誤解的那樣,是對同性戀的鼓吹和宣揚,而是一種反對嚴格的同性戀和異性戀的兩分結(jié)構(gòu),鼓勵人們?nèi)萑毯徒邮懿煌男詣e身份的理論。 與酷兒理論的觀點相契合,福斯特和伍爾夫于作品中倡導的正是反對嚴格的同性戀和異性戀的兩分結(jié)構(gòu),消除性別身份歧視,追求自由與社會和諧的思想。 作為有同性戀傾向的作家,福斯特和伍爾夫?qū)⒆约涸谛詣e認同上的困擾投射到了小說的人物之中。福斯特清晰地描寫了同性戀者莫里斯的情感生活,伍爾夫幽默地再現(xiàn)了主人公奧蘭多三百年間的突破性別限制的傳奇經(jīng)歷�！赌锼埂泛汀秺W蘭多》中的兩位主人公具有明顯的“酷兒”特點。莫里斯同克里夫和阿列克之間的同性之愛,奧蘭多同男女兩性之間的愛,都體現(xiàn)出作者質(zhì)疑同性戀和異性戀的兩分結(jié)構(gòu),消除對邊緣群體的歧視和偏見,實現(xiàn)和諧自由的最終目標。這也正是酷兒理論所追求的目標。 本文從酷兒理論的角度,結(jié)合作家的自身經(jīng)歷,以文本分析和梳理為主,通過對明顯具有“酷兒”特點的兩位主人公的分析,探討兩部作品與酷兒理論的契合之處,充分顯示出作家反對同性戀和異性戀的二元對立,希望消除歧視和偏見,以實現(xiàn)真正的自由和和諧。對《莫里斯》和《奧蘭多》這兩部作品的分析也結(jié)合了對作者同性戀性傾向的研究。 論文分為四章,首章為概述,其中包括研究的方法,研究目的,相關(guān)課題的研究情況,二三章是文章的主題章節(jié),第二章圍繞《莫里斯》一文,分析作為具有同性戀性傾向的主人公,莫里斯在其同性戀身份認知過程中遭遇的困惑和挫折,最后主人公同他的伴侶遠離塵囂,奔向綠林,體現(xiàn)了作家對異性戀霸權(quán)的無聲抗議及對自由與平等的追求。第三章圍繞《奧蘭多》,分析了主人公在男女性別身份的轉(zhuǎn)換中與男女兩性之間的愛情,奧蘭多愛過公主薩莎,也愛過船長夏爾,并與為數(shù)眾多的女性也保持著親密關(guān)系,他本人的愛情經(jīng)歷體現(xiàn)了對同性戀／異性戀二元對立的挑戰(zhàn)與超越。最后一章總結(jié)了福斯特和伍爾夫?qū)栏竦男詣e二元對立的態(tài)度。
[Abstract]:Edward, Morgan, Forster and Virginia Woolf are the representatives of the early twentieth Century English literature. They are the core figures of the London literature and members of the Bloomsbury Group. Their works are all about the inner world of the characters, and the fate of the characters in the works is often ordered. Man is unpredictable but narrating nature. The representative works are Forster's < Maurice > and Woolf's < Orlando >. The novel has attracted much attention since it was published, and has been read from various angles for many years.
In the 1990s, a new theory of sex and sex prevailed in the west, which was the theory of queer. Anna Maria Gus, an American theorist, proposed that the theory of queer theory is a study of all "abnormal" phenomena in sex, sex and sexual desire. The phenomenon of "Yin and Yang", "denaturation" and so-called "third sex".
One of the important elements of the theory of queer is to challenge heterosexual hegemony and to oppose discrimination and oppression of people who do not agree with the mainstream culture and the dominant social gender norms or norms in sexual orientation. But it is not, as many people misunderstood, the advocacy and advocacy of homosexuality, but a kind of anti - homosexuality. The strict bisexual structure of homosexuality and heterosexuality encourages people to tolerate and accept different gender identity theories.
In accordance with the viewpoint of the theory of queer, Forster and Woolf advocated the dual structure of the strict homosexuality and heterosexuality in his works, eliminating the discrimination of gender identity and the pursuit of freedom and social harmony.
As a homosexual writer, Forster and Woolf projected their own gender identity into the characters of the novel. Forster clearly depicts the emotional life of homosexual Maurice, and Woolf humorously reproduces the legend of the hero's three hundred years of gender restriction. < Maurice > and < < >. The two protagonists in Orlando have obvious "queer" characteristics. The same sex love between Maurice and Clif and Alec, Orlando and the love between men and women both reflect the author's dual structure of homosexuality and heterosexuality, the elimination of discrimination and prejudice against the marginal groups, and the ultimate goal of achieving harmony and freedom. It is the goal pursued by queer theory.
This paper, from the angle of the theory of queer, combined with the author's own experience, mainly analyzes and combs the two protagonists with the characteristics of "queer", and discusses the similarities between the two works and the theory of queer, which fully shows the two opposition of the writers against homosexuality and heterosexuality, and hopes to eliminate discrimination and prejudice, In order to achieve real freedom and harmony, the analysis of the two works of Maurice and Orlando combines the study of homosexual tendency of authors.
The thesis is divided into four chapters, the first chapter is an overview, including the method of research, the purpose of the study, the research situation of the related subjects, the two or three chapter is the theme chapter of the article, the second chapter focuses on the text of "Maurice >", and analyzes the confusion and setback of Maurice in the process of identity identity. In the third chapter, the third chapter focuses on the love between men and women in the conversion of male and female gender identity, love of Princess Sasha, and captain Charles, and the number of Charles. Many women also maintain a close relationship. His own love experience reflects the challenge and Transcendence of the two yuan opposition to homosexuality / heterosexuality. The last chapter summarizes the attitude of Forster and Woolf to the strict gender two opposition.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I561.074

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