本文選題：�？� + 規(guī)訓(xùn)權(quán)力�。� 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：里查德·賴特(1908-1960)系二十世紀(jì)美國文壇最引人注目的黑人文學(xué)家之一,其長篇小說代表作《土生子》出版于1940年,被視為美國黑人文學(xué)的里程碑�！锻辽印芬唤�(jīng)出版,便受到來自評論界及普通讀者的廣泛關(guān)注。美國著名文學(xué)評論家歐文·豪曾指出：“在《土生子》出版的那一天,美國的文學(xué)就永久的改變了”。 本文主要運(yùn)用米歇爾·福柯的規(guī)訓(xùn)權(quán)力理論對《土生子》進(jìn)行解讀,探討小說中美國現(xiàn)代社會的權(quán)力運(yùn)行機(jī)制。小說所描述的美國現(xiàn)代社會是一個處處滲透著權(quán)力網(wǎng)絡(luò)與反抗的監(jiān)獄式規(guī)訓(xùn)社會,在這樣的社會中,無所不在的權(quán)力控制并改造著別格,以使他“馴順”。在全景敞視監(jiān)視機(jī)制中,別格無意識地按社會規(guī)范規(guī)定自己的行為和思想,自覺自律的成為一個“馴順”的壓迫者,小說主人公別格的悲慘生活正是監(jiān)獄式現(xiàn)代社會的自然產(chǎn)物。盡管規(guī)訓(xùn)權(quán)力無孔不入,無比強(qiáng)大,但是規(guī)訓(xùn)權(quán)力并非萬能的,監(jiān)獄式社會不能消除一切反抗,別格采用了個人暴力行為來反抗社會。此時,為了維護(hù)社會安定,暴力的懲罰方式則成為必然。在監(jiān)獄式的社會中,主人公別格難逃規(guī)訓(xùn)權(quán)力的法網(wǎng),其不合“規(guī)范”的行為必將受到嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。 本文共分為三個部分：引言,主體和結(jié)論。 引言部分包括作者、作品的介紹,及國內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界對該部作品所做的相關(guān)研究和評論的概括和綜述,同時指出本文的框架結(jié)構(gòu)。 主體部分從以下四章分析這本小說。第一章概述了米歇爾·�？碌囊�(guī)訓(xùn)權(quán)力理論。在《規(guī)訓(xùn)與懲罰：監(jiān)獄的誕生》中,�？陆榻B了兩個重要概念：規(guī)訓(xùn)和懲罰,并指出現(xiàn)代社會即是一個規(guī)訓(xùn)式的監(jiān)獄。第二章分析了別格在規(guī)訓(xùn)社會中的悲慘生活。第三章著重分析了規(guī)訓(xùn)技術(shù)在小說中的實(shí)施,即層級監(jiān)視、規(guī)范化裁決和檢查。第四章闡述了主人公別格的反抗及監(jiān)獄式社會對其懲罰。 最后部分得出結(jié)論,通過分析小說主人公別格在權(quán)力社會壓迫下的悲慘命運(yùn),指出《土生子》中描繪的美國社會正是�？滤f的監(jiān)獄式現(xiàn)代社會的文學(xué)翻版。別格的悲慘結(jié)局印證了全景敞視監(jiān)獄社會中任何犯罪都沒有逃脫的可能。
[Abstract]:Richard Wright (1908-1960) is one of the most prominent black writers in the 20th century. His masterpiece, Native son, was published in 1940 and is regarded as a milestone in American black literature. It has attracted wide attention from critics and ordinary readers. Owen Howe, a famous American literary critic, pointed out that "on the day of the publication of Native son, American literature changed forever." This paper mainly uses Michelle Foucault's discipline power theory to interpret Native son and probe into the power operation mechanism of modern American society in the novel. The modern American society described in the novel is a penitentiary discipline society permeated with power networks and revolts. In such a society, the omnipresent power controls and rebuilds Beger to make him "tame". In the panoramic open-view surveillance mechanism, Beagle unconsciously prescribes his own behavior and thoughts according to social norms, consciously self-discipline to become a "tame" oppressors, The tragic life of the protagonist of the novel is the natural product of the modern society of prison. Although the discipline power is all-pervasive and extremely powerful, the discipline power is not omnipotent. The prison society cannot eliminate all resistance, and Berg uses personal violence to resist the society. At this time, in order to maintain social stability, the punishment of violence is inevitable. In a penitentiary society, the protagonist Buger is bound to be severely punished for his substandard behavior. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion. The introduction part includes the author, the introduction of the works, and the summary and summary of the relevant research and comments made by the academic circles at home and abroad, and points out the frame structure of this paper. The main part analyzes the novel from the following four chapters. The first chapter summarizes Michelle Foucault's theory of discipline power. In discipline and punishment: the birth of Prisons, Foucault introduced two important concepts: discipline and punishment, and pointed out that modern society is a prison of discipline. The second chapter analyzes the miserable life of Berg in the discipline society. The third chapter focuses on the implementation of discipline technology in the novel, that is, hierarchical monitoring, standardized adjudication and inspection. The fourth chapter expounds the main character's resistance and penitentiary society. Finally, by analyzing the tragic fate of the protagonist Berg under the oppression of the power society, the last part points out that the American society described in Native son is the literary reprint of what Foucault calls the modern society of prison. Berg's tragic ending confirms that there is no escape from any crime in the panoramic open prison society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I712.074

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