本文選題：阿里斯托芬 + 戰(zhàn)爭與和平��； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：阿里斯托芬是古希臘最為杰出的喜劇詩人之一,也是當(dāng)時唯一一位有完整劇本傳世的喜劇作家。他的喜劇除了具有極高的文學(xué)價值之外,還涉及當(dāng)時許多嚴(yán)肅、重大的社會問題,因而對社會思想史的研究也具有極其重要的參考價值。本文選取了阿里斯托芬喜劇中三個最具代表性的主題加以考察,分別是伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭、城邦政治制度以及社會思想變革。 第一章追溯了阿里斯托芬關(guān)于伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭起源的問題,指出喜劇詩人視伯里克利為戰(zhàn)爭的發(fā)動者,而以克里昂為代表的主戰(zhàn)派堅持戰(zhàn)爭的目的是為了控制民眾,戰(zhàn)爭的持續(xù)對社會造成的影響,隨后展示了喜劇中如何提出和平訴求,最后分析了喜劇詩人對于戰(zhàn)爭與正義的看法。 第二章考察了喜劇中所呈現(xiàn)的民眾與民眾領(lǐng)袖之間的關(guān)系,辨析民眾領(lǐng)袖形成與出現(xiàn)的原因,以及他們在民主政治運(yùn)作中所起到的作用和影響,以喜劇中的克里昂為個案進(jìn)行分析,并探討中間階層在民主制度中發(fā)揮的影響；隨后轉(zhuǎn)向民眾與貴族政治精英之間的關(guān)系,并以阿爾基比阿德斯為個案進(jìn)行研究,民眾領(lǐng)袖和貴族政治精英之間的競爭；在此基礎(chǔ)之上,考察雅典兩次寡頭政變與城邦政治制度的自我調(diào)適,最后分析了喜劇形式的變化與城邦和個人對公共輿論的掌控,及其對喜劇自身發(fā)展所造成的影響。 第三章探討了喜劇中呈現(xiàn)的智者運(yùn)動帶來的新思想沖擊,雅典從神話思維向理性思維的過渡,以及伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭時期雅典傳統(tǒng)價值體系的危機(jī),并探討種種公共聲音的競爭；隨后轉(zhuǎn)向喜劇詩人批判以“不義的邏各斯”為代表的“新思想”,并指出悲劇詩人和喜劇詩人的職責(zé)；最后分析了城邦的教育與阿里斯托芬的理想城邦。 通過上述三章的論述,本文將喜劇置于具體的歷史語境當(dāng)中,考察了阿里斯托芬對伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭、城邦政治制度以及社會思想變革等問題提出的忠告和建議,筆者在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步指出,喜劇詩人所追尋的最終目標(biāo)——正義。
[Abstract]:Aristophane was one of the most outstanding comic poets in ancient Greece and the only comic writer with complete script. In addition to his high literary value, his comedy also involves many serious and important social issues at that time. Therefore, the study of the history of social thought is also of great reference value. This paper selects the three most representative themes in Aristophane comedy, namely, the Peloponnesian War, the political system of the polis and the change of social ideology. The first chapter traces Aristophane's question about the origin of the Peloponnesian War, pointing out that Comedy poets regard Pericles as the initiator of the war, and the main warring factions, represented by Clyon, insist that the purpose of the war is to control the people. The impact of the war on the society, then shows how to put forward peaceful demands in comedy, and finally analyzes the comedy poet's views on war and justice. The second chapter examines the relationship between the public and the leaders in comedy, and analyzes the reasons for the formation and emergence of public leaders, as well as their role and influence in the operation of democratic politics. Taking Creon in comedy as a case study and exploring the influence of the middle class in democracy, then turning to the relationship between the populace and the aristocratic political elite, and taking Alkibiades as a case study. On the basis of the two oligarchic coups in Athens and the self-adjustment of the polis political system, the author analyzes the changes of comedy forms and the control of public opinion by the city states and individuals. And its impact on the development of comedy itself. The third chapter discusses the new ideological impact brought by the Wise Movement in comedy, the transition from mythical to rational thinking in Athens, and the crisis of the traditional value system of Athens during the Peloponnesian War, and discusses the competition of various public voices. Then he turned to the comedy poet to criticize the "new thought" represented by the "unjust logos", and pointed out the responsibilities of the tragic poet and the comedy poet. Finally, the author analyzed the education of the city state and the ideal city state of Aristophanes. Through the above three chapters, this paper puts comedy in a specific historical context, and examines Aristophanes advice and suggestions to the Peloponnesian War, the polis political system and the social and ideological changes, etc. On this basis, the author further points out that the ultimate goal of comedy poets-justice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I545.073

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