本文選題：成長小說　切入點：《婚禮的成員》　出處：《遼寧大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：成長小說是以敘述青少年成長過程為主題的小說，它通過對一個人或幾個人成長經(jīng)歷的敘事，反映出人物的思想和心理從幼稚走向成熟的變化過程。成長小說雖然是一種傳統(tǒng)的寫作體裁，但對人們的生活卻有著深遠的現(xiàn)實意義。青少年是社會的鏡子，他們的生存狀態(tài)和精神面貌都是一種時代精神的折射，通過他們，人們可以反省自身和所處的社會。 美國南方著名作家卡森·麥卡勒斯的《婚禮的成員》這部小說，是她最成熟的一部作品，也是一部典型的成長小說。該小說描寫了一位富于幻想的十二歲少女弗蘭奇的成長歷程,與此同時，小說入木三分地探討了美國社會的動蕩不安和現(xiàn)代人的人際疏離、精神危機。這部小說自其發(fā)表之日，就受到評論界廣泛的關注和一致好評。 本論文從成長小說角度出發(fā),對《婚禮的成員》這部小說進行分析。本論文由導論、正文、結論三部分組成。其主要內(nèi)容如下： 導論簡要介紹了小說作者的生平及其作品，小說的寫作背景及其國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀。當前國內(nèi)外對《婚禮的成員》這部小說的研究主要集中在主題和寫作風格等方面，卻忽視了它作為一部典型的成長小說的價值。因此，本論文將從成長小說的角度出發(fā)分析這部小說，在分析其所具有的成長小說的基本特點的同時，探討其獨特的藝術魅力。本論文試圖為拓展對這部小說的研究視角以及國內(nèi)對成長小說研究的豐富和發(fā)展做出一點貢獻。 本論文的正文部分分為三章。 第一章主要梳理了成長小說的起源和發(fā)展，并討論了成長小說的基本寫作特點，為整篇論文構建了一個系統(tǒng)的理論框架。成長，作為人類生活中一種普遍存在的文化現(xiàn)象和人類個體生命的重要體驗，必然成為文學，尤其是小說，表現(xiàn)和探索的重要對象。成長小說起源于德國，是德國對小說體裁所作出的最重要的貢獻。成長小說在英國得到長足發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了一系列經(jīng)典的作品，后傳播到美國，在美國達到繁榮。經(jīng)歷了兩百多年的演變，成長小說作為一種小說體裁逐漸成熟，在人物塑造、寫作結構和小說內(nèi)容三個方面具有其基本特點。 第二章從成長小說在人物塑造、寫作結構和小說內(nèi)容三個方面的基本特點分析了《婚禮的成員》這部小說。在人物塑造上，該小說具備了成長小說的三種人物，即成長的主人公，，主人公成長的引路人和成長的伴侶；在小說的結構上，它符合一般成長小說所遵循的敘事模式，即主人公的成長背景，成長的困惑，遭受誘惑，離家出走，遭遇挫折，獲得頓悟，失去天真，獲得對自我和社會的正確認識。同時，在結尾的處理方面，該小說沿襲成長小說的開放性結局的特點，為讀者的想象留下了廣闊的空間。在敘事角度方面，小說采用第三人稱全能敘事視角和有限敘事視角交融的方法，形象而生動地刻畫了主人公的身心成長歷程；在小說的內(nèi)容上，該小說所融入的作者的自傳因素，所敘述的主人公的成長以及主人公與生存環(huán)境的疏離，均符合傳統(tǒng)成長小說的特點�；谝陨戏治觯梢缘贸觥痘槎Y的成員》是一部典型的成長小說這一結論。 第三章分析了《婚禮的成員》作為一部出色的成長小說所具有的獨特性：哥特元素的運用，雙性同體的主人公以及特殊的象征和比喻。哥特元素包括孤獨的主題，怪誕的故事情節(jié)和背景；雙性同體的主人公分析了該小說主人公所具有的雙性同體的特征；特殊的象征和比喻中包括了對小鎮(zhèn)，婚禮和音樂等意象的獨特的象征意義的分析。 本文結論對《婚禮的成員》所體現(xiàn)的成長小說的基本特征及該小說的獨特性進行了概括總結，指出這部小說對成長小說的豐富和發(fā)展方面的推動作用。同時指出，這部小說所反映出的人際關系的疏離以及人們的孤獨狀態(tài)，在現(xiàn)代社會仍是值得人們深思的。
[Abstract]:Bildungsroman is a story about the growth process of the youth as the theme of the novel, it is through the growth of a person or several people experience narrative, andreflects spiritual and psychological change process from childhood to adulthood. Although Bildungsroman is a traditional genre, but for people's life has a profound practical significance the youth is the mirror of the society, the survival condition and the spirit they are refracted, a spirit of the times through them, people can examinethemselves and society.
This novel is a famous American Southern writer Carson ers < > the member of the wedding, she is one of the most mature works, is a typical Bildungsroman. The novel depicts an imaginative twelve year old girl French grew up, at the same time, his novels get on American society and the turbulent modern people interpersonal alienation, spiritual crisis. This novel since its publication, critics have widespread attention and praise.
From the perspective of Bildungsroman, this paper analyzes the novel "wedding members". The thesis is composed of three parts: introduction, body and conclusion.
The introduction briefly introduces the life and works of fiction author, writing background and research status at home and abroad of the novel. Current research on < > members of the wedding of the novel at home and abroad mainly focus on the theme and writing style, but ignore it as a typical Bildungsroman value. Therefore, this thesis from Bildungsroman perspective analysis of the novel, in the analysis of its basic features of Bildungsroman and explore its unique artistic charm. This thesis tries to broaden the research perspective and to enrich and develop the domestic long novel study and make a little contribution to the novel.
The main body of this paper is divided into three chapters.
The first chapter mainly reviews the origin and development of Bildungsroman, and discusses the basic writing features of Bildungsroman, constructs a theoretical framework for the whole thesis. Growth, as an important body of a universal cultural phenomenon and individual life experience of human life, will inevitably become the literature, especially novels. An important object of expression and exploration. The Bildungsroman originated in Germany, Germany is made to the novel genre's most important contribution. The Bildungsroman has got great development in the UK, there has been a series of classic works, then spread to the United States, to achieve prosperity in the United States. After more than 200 years of evolution, as a Bildungsroman a novel genre gradually mature, in the figure, with the basic characteristics of the three aspects of writing structure and novel.
The second chapter in character, content structure and basic characteristics of writing novels in three aspects of the novel < >. The member of the wedding in shaping the character, the novel has three kinds of characters of Bildungsroman, the growth of hero, hero initiation guides and initiation companions; in the structure of the novel, it accords with the general growth followed by the narrative mode, the protagonist's growth background, growing confusion, luring, runaways, setbacks, gain insight, loss of innocence, to obtain a correct understanding of self and society. At the same time, in the end of the treatment, the characteristics of the open end the novel follows the Bildungsroman, left a vast space for the reader's imagination. In the perspective of narration, the novel method of blending the third person narrative perspective and the Almighty limited narrative perspective, and vivid description of the image The hero of the physical and mental growth process; the content of the novels, the novel contains elements of autobiography of the author, described the protagonist's initiation and survival environment and alienation, accord with the characteristics of traditional initiation story. Based on the above analysis, it can be "the member of the wedding" is the conclusion part a typical Bildungsroman.
The third chapter analyzes the uniqueness of < > the member of the wedding as a novel with excellent growth: the use of Gothic elements, the androgynous character and special symbols and metaphors. Gothic elements include the theme of loneliness, grotesque story and background; the androgynous character analysis of the characteristics of the protagonist CCBA is androgynous; special symbols and metaphors include the town, wedding and music image analysis of unique symbolism.
The unique basic characteristics embodied in the conclusion of "the member of the wedding" Bildungsroman and the novel are summarized, pointing out that this novel of Bildungsroman to enrich and develop the role. Also pointed out that this novel reflects the interpersonal alienation and loneliness in people's state. The modern society is still worth pondering.

【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074

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