本文選題：《守望燈塔》　切入點：詩化語言　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：作為英國當(dāng)代著名的女性作家，詹妮特·溫特森是極其復(fù)雜的。然而，不可否認(rèn)的是，她的小說受到了越來越多的關(guān)注，研究者們更是對其作品的諸多方面進(jìn)行了深入的解讀分析。 《守望燈塔》是溫特森的第八部小說，講述了一名叫做銀兒的孤兒和燈塔看守人瞎子普尤之間的故事。普尤是一位講故事的高手，不停地給銀兒講不同的故事，而這些故事沒有規(guī)律的交織在一起成就了這部小說。學(xué)者們對小說的語言、敘事方式、意象、隱喻以及主題都有針對性研究，而且這樣的研究仍在持續(xù)。本文將會從敘事學(xué)角度綜合對小說的詩化語言、非線性敘事方式以及隱喻涵義三個方面進(jìn)行相關(guān)的分析研究，進(jìn)而探討三者對小說主題的影響和作用。 本文分為引言、正文三部分以及結(jié)論。 引言部分先是介紹了溫特森的寫作成就，其次是她的基本人生閱歷，最后是介紹了當(dāng)前學(xué)者們對其作品的研究狀況，尤其是對小說《守望燈塔》的探析。 正文第一章探討溫特森小說中的詩化語言。分為三小節(jié)。第一節(jié)給詩化語言下定義以及概括它所具有的特點。溫特森小說中的詩化語言具有詩一般的的結(jié)構(gòu)，句子簡潔精短，有詩的節(jié)奏，讀起來容易上口，而且有詩的韻味，讓人讀起來感覺不像是小說，而是長篇敘事詩。第二節(jié)討論了詩化語言在小說結(jié)構(gòu)上起到的作用。小說《守望燈塔》的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，如同故事的敘事方式一樣，它是非線性結(jié)構(gòu)，小說各部分之間被打亂了順序。在這樣的復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)中，小說的詩化語言起了重要作用，通過語言的描述我們能清楚地了解小說所處的位置。而且，有些句子句式一致，能清晰的暗示我們小說各部分的關(guān)聯(lián)。第三節(jié)討論了詩化語言對小說一些意象描寫的功用。意象是小說的重要元素，它能在一定程度上幫助讀者理解小說的主題。但有的小說晦澀難懂，意象描寫比較模糊，人們體會不到它的意境，對于小說解讀會造成很大的困難。《守望燈塔》里面的意象也有不少，在作者詩化語言生動簡潔的描繪之下，能夠非常容易的被人們把握，從而有助于深化對小說主題的理解，而這正是溫特森詩化語言的一大特色。 第二章探討了小說中非線性敘事方式的運用。分為三小節(jié)。第一節(jié)簡要總結(jié)了非線性敘事方式的特點。所謂非線性敘事就是與線性敘事相對立的方式，故事的開頭、中間、結(jié)尾都被打亂了順序，幾個故事相互交織在一起，故事里面有故事，但不是完整的故事，而是被打亂的故事片段，這些故事片段堆砌起來構(gòu)成了整個非線性故事結(jié)構(gòu)。第二節(jié)討論溫特森運用非線性敘事的目的。溫特森采用非線性敘事結(jié)構(gòu)主要有三個方面的考量，一個是展現(xiàn)自己的語言天賦，憑借自己的詩化語言能夠吸引讀者的眼球，使得他們忽略對敘事結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)注，更多的關(guān)注小說的語言本身；一個是要展示自己講故事的手段，即使故事都被打斷了，成了分散的片段，溫特森也能把他們拼湊起來，最終把故事講述完整；最后是通過這種顛覆式的敘事方式從不同的層面來揭示主題，在故事的片段中表達(dá)自己的深意。第三節(jié)討論了非線性敘事追求統(tǒng)一性的問題。非線性敘事中，雖然故事都是以片段的形式展現(xiàn)出來，但他們具有統(tǒng)一性。一個方面是敘述者實現(xiàn)了統(tǒng)一，小說里有兩個敘述者：銀兒，講她自己的故事；普尤，給銀兒講關(guān)于燈塔、燈塔主人達(dá)克和茉莉、圣經(jīng)故事以及一些歷史人物的故事。小說前半段，普尤的故事都在引號里邊，而銀兒的故事沒有引號，它是主線，但是到了后面，引號全部消失了，于是銀兒的聲音同普尤的聲音混合在一起，分不清彼此，實際上小說實現(xiàn)了敘述者的統(tǒng)一。另一方面主題的統(tǒng)一，在非線性敘事中，故事以片段的方式展現(xiàn)，但里面包含的主題是統(tǒng)一的，它們都在講關(guān)于愛、失落以及探尋的主題，在這方面它們實現(xiàn)了統(tǒng)一。 第三章探討了在小說敘事當(dāng)中存在的的隱喻涵義。分為三小節(jié)。第一節(jié)討論了女主人公銀兒有怎樣的隱喻涵義。小說中有幾處對銀兒名字的專門字面解釋并且附帶有故事，根據(jù)白銀的特點：它發(fā)出的光百分之九十五來自反射，它是少數(shù)能安全吞服的貴金屬。通過解釋字面含義，再關(guān)注銀兒在小說中的表現(xiàn)，我們可以解讀她的隱喻涵義：代表那些有潛質(zhì)、虔誠的需要被拯救的朝圣者，通過引導(dǎo)，才能獲得新生。第二節(jié)討論了瞎子普尤的隱喻涵義。在故事的敘述中，普尤通常與燈塔相重合，在一定意義上，他也是燈塔，給人以光明，指引人走出困境；他通過講故事引導(dǎo)銀兒的成長，他是為朝圣者傳達(dá)信息的使者，神秘而又堅持傳統(tǒng)。第三節(jié)討論了小說中隱喻涵義對主題的映射。前面分別討論了銀兒和普尤各自的隱喻涵義，，都有小說主題的體現(xiàn)。銀兒成長的歷程本身就是一個愛、失落、自我探尋的過程，主題隱含其中；而普尤講故事同樣在重復(fù)愛、失落、自我探尋的主題。兩個隱喻不斷地強化主題，而主題也在回饋它們，使得銀兒和普尤的故事更具深意，引人入勝。 最后是結(jié)論部分。通過以上的論述和分析，我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論：小說的詩化語言、非線性敘事、隱喻涵義從內(nèi)在上都是有關(guān)聯(lián)的，它們從不同的角度去解讀主題。以詩化語言闡明主題，以非線性敘事體現(xiàn)主題，以隱喻涵義映射主題，最終實現(xiàn)形式與內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)與主題的雙重統(tǒng)一。為小說的理解提供更加全面的理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:As a famous contemporary British feminist writer, Janet Winterson is extremely complex. However, it is undeniable that her novels have attracted more and more attention. Researchers have made in-depth analysis of many aspects of her works.
< > is the lighthouse watch Winterson's eighth novel, tells the story of a son called silver between the orphan and the lighthouse keeper of the story. The blind Pew Pew is a master storyteller, kept to the silver son telling a different story, and these stories have no law intertwined with the achievements of this department novel. Scholars of the language of the novel, narrative style, image, metaphor and theme have targeted research, and this research continues. This paper will be from the perspective of narratology comprehensive poetic language of the novel, the three aspects of nonlinear narrative and metaphorical meaning of the analysis of the relevant research, and to explore the role of three and influence of the theme of the novel.
This article is divided into the introduction, the three part of the text and the conclusion.
The introductory part first introduces Winterson's writing achievements, followed by her basic life experience. Finally, it introduces the current research status of scholars, especially the analysis of the novel beacon lighthouse.
The first chapter discusses the poetic language of Winterson's novel. It is divided into three sections. The first section defines the poetic language and summarizes its features. The poetic language in the novels of Winterson poetic structure, concise sentence concise and poetic rhythm, read catchy, and poetry charm that people read feeling is not a novel, but a long narrative poem. The second section discusses the poetic language in the structure of the novel. The effect of structure of the novel < > watch lighthouse complex, as the story narrative, it is a nonlinear structure between each part of the novel was disrupted in the complex structure sequence. This novel, poetic language plays an important role, through the description of a language we can clearly understand the novel position. Moreover, some sentence patterns, clearly suggests that part of the novels of the association. The third section discusses the poetic language on images. The function of image is an important element of the novel, it can help readers to understand the novel the theme in a certain degree. But some obscure novels, image description is vague, people not appreciate its artistic conception, to interpret the novel will cause great difficulties. Watch the lighthouse the inside of the image > there are many, the author portrayed in the poetic language vivid and concise, can be very easy to grasp by people, which helps to deepen the understanding of the theme of the fiction, which is a major feature of Winterson poetic language.
The second chapter discusses the application of nonlinear narrative in the novel. It is divided into three sections. The first section briefly summarizes the characteristics of nonlinear narrative. The narrative is nonlinear and linear narrative opposite way, between the beginning of the story, and the end has been disrupted the order, a few stories intertwined stories inside a story but that is not the whole story, but the story was disrupted fragments, these fragments of story together constitute the whole story. The second section discusses the nonlinear structure of Winterson using nonlinear narrative. Winterson using non linear narrative structure has three main considerations, one is to show their natural language, with poetic language you can attract the attention of readers, so that they ignore the narrative structure of attention, pay more attention to the language of the novel itself; one is to show their stories The means, even if the story is interrupted, the scattered fragments, Winterson can put them together, the story is complete; finally through this subversive narrative style from different aspects to reveal the themes, to express their deep meaning in the story fragments. The third section discussed. The narrative of the pursuit of unity. The nonlinear narrative, although the story is displayed in the form of fragments, but they are unified. One aspect is the narrator to achieve a unified, there are two narrators in the novel: the silver son, her story; the pew, silver just about the lighthouse, lighthouse master duck and jasmine, Bible stories and stories of historical figures. The novels of the first half, the Pew story in quotes inside, and silver story without the quotes, it is the main line, but behind, quotes all disappeared, so Silver voice with the voice of the Pew mixed together, don't know each other, actually achieve unity. The narrator's novels on the other hand a unified theme, in nonlinear narrative, the story of the fragment, but which contains the theme of unity, they are talking about love, loss and explore in this theme, they achieve unity.
The third chapter discusses the meaning of the metaphor in the narrative. It is divided into three sections. The first section discusses the heroine's metaphorical meaning of silver. How special a few of literal silver name in the novel interpretation and comes with the story, according to the characteristics: Ninety-five percent silver light it emits from the reflection it is a safe, can swallow the precious metal. Through the explanation of the literal meaning, and then focus on silver in the novel, we can interpret her metaphor meaning: on behalf of those who have the potential to be saved, devout pilgrims, through the guide, to get a new life. The second section discusses the metaphorical implication of theblind pew in the narrative, he usually coincides with the lighthouse. In a sense, he is a lighthouse, giving people light, guide people out of trouble; he guided by stories of silver growth, he is a pilgrimage 鑰呬紶杈句俊鎭殑浣胯

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