【摘要】：本文以福清核電廠廠址為中心,半徑為30km的范圍為評(píng)價(jià)區(qū),采用樣線樣方調(diào)查法與3S技術(shù)相結(jié)合,對(duì)福清核電廠評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)內(nèi)植被多樣性、植被類型,群落結(jié)構(gòu)特征和生物量等特征進(jìn)行分析評(píng)價(jià),并探討了項(xiàng)目建設(shè)對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)景觀生態(tài)學(xué)的穩(wěn)定性影響。調(diào)查顯示:評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)共有維管束植物172科529屬990種,植被可劃分為常綠闊葉林、暖性針葉林、常綠闊葉灌叢、疏灌草叢和沼澤六大植物型組,評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)還分布有4株國家Ⅱ級(jí)保護(hù)植物——筆筒樹(Sphaeropteris lepifera)。研究表明:評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)植物地理起源古老、分布廣、成分復(fù)雜,以泛熱帶性質(zhì)成分為主;四個(gè)典型喬木群落的物種多樣性臺(tái)灣相思林最高,群落多樣性馬尾松群落和木麻黃群落最高;四個(gè)典型灌木群落的物種多樣性黑松林最高,群落多樣性最高的為蔓荊灌叢和桃金娘灌叢、蔓荊灌叢和車桑子灌叢;十個(gè)樣線草叢多樣性物種多樣性最高的為Ⅸ、X樣線,群落多樣性最高的為Ⅴ號(hào)樣線和Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ號(hào)樣線。結(jié)合3S技術(shù),通過解譯獲得評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)及項(xiàng)目規(guī)劃區(qū)的植被分布圖。并獲得各植被及土地利用類型的面積數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)果表明:評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)陸域面積占總面積56.37%,而植被覆蓋率僅為21.90%,植被分布面積依次為臺(tái)灣相思林灌草叢黑松林木麻黃林;規(guī)劃區(qū)中耕地占地面積最大,為53.76hm2,占規(guī)劃區(qū)總面積(不包括海域面積)的31.02%,植被分布面積依次為灌草叢臺(tái)灣相思林木麻黃林;將解譯結(jié)果結(jié)合直接收獲法和相對(duì)生長法對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)植被生物量進(jìn)行測(cè)算,獲得評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)總生物量,及項(xiàng)目建設(shè)后生物量損失量。最后本文通過對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)景觀生態(tài)學(xué)的恢復(fù)穩(wěn)定性和阻抗穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果顯示:福清核電廠的項(xiàng)目建設(shè)對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)景觀生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的恢復(fù)穩(wěn)定性和阻抗穩(wěn)定性影響都較小,這種影響仍維持在該景觀生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可承受的范圍之內(nèi)。
[Abstract]:Taking the site of Fuqing nuclear power plant as the center and the radius of 30km as the evaluation area, the vegetation diversity and vegetation types in the evaluation area of Fuqing nuclear power plant were studied by means of the method of cross-plot survey and 3s technology, in this paper, the vegetation diversity and vegetation types in the evaluation area of Fuqing nuclear power plant were studied. The characteristics of community structure and biomass were analyzed and evaluated, and the influence of project construction on the stability of landscape ecology was discussed. The investigation shows that there are 990 species of vascular plants belonging to 529 genera and 172 families in the evaluation area. The vegetation can be divided into evergreen broad-leaved forest, warm coniferous forest, evergreen broad-leaved thicket, shrub bush and swamp. There are also 4 national class II protected plants in the evaluation area-pencils tree (Sphaeropteris lepifera). The results show that the geographical origin of the plants in the evaluation area is old, the distribution is wide, the composition is complex, and the nature of the plants is mainly pan-tropical. The species diversity of four typical tree communities was the highest in Taiwan Acacia forest, and the highest in Masson pine community and Casuarina equisetifolia community. The species diversity of the four typical shrub communities was the highest in the black pine forest, and the highest in the four typical shrub communities were the wattle thicket and the myrtle thicket, the wattle shrub and the mulberry seed thicket. The species diversity was highest in the 10 plots. The highest species diversity was in the 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2432093