【摘要】：電影是一門綜合的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù),它是藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作者通過視覺和聽覺對自我言論的表達(dá),隨著社會發(fā)展,這門藝術(shù)已成為人們不可或缺的娛樂方式。我國現(xiàn)行的電影審查制度是電影獲得公映的準(zhǔn)入程序,這是一種典型的行政許可行為。電影審查的本質(zhì)是一種公權(quán)力對表達(dá)自由的干預(yù)。每個國家所采用的電影監(jiān)管手段也均不一樣,這是因為每個國家和地區(qū)都有獨特的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境、政治文化環(huán)境。在很長一段時間里,電影審查不失為國家對電影行業(yè)進(jìn)行監(jiān)管的有效手段之一。邁入新世紀(jì)后,新興的網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體得到的空前發(fā)展。我國電影審查制度顯得更加與時代格格不入。在學(xué)界和業(yè)界,電影審查制度的存與廢、是否學(xué)習(xí)國外經(jīng)驗引入電影分級制度一直爭議不斷。而我國的審查制度確實存在諸多問題,最大的問題則是被行政機(jī)關(guān)干預(yù)過多,不能保障創(chuàng)作人的自由創(chuàng)作,進(jìn)而也影響了整個電影行業(yè)的持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文從行政許可的角度切入,先梳理了電影審查一些基本概念后,然后通過對現(xiàn)行電影審查制度從審查主體、審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、審查程序三個方面的分析,得出現(xiàn)行的電影審查制度存在許多問題。通過比較美國、韓國、中國香港三個地區(qū)的電影審查制度,從中參考借鑒他們成熟有用的經(jīng)驗,例如引入行業(yè)自律的電影分級。比起審查制度,電影分級制最大的優(yōu)勢就是能保障了未成年人的觀影需求,通過給每一部影片貼上標(biāo)簽,告訴未成年人可以和不可以觀看哪些電影。一方面可以保護(hù)未成年在不受某些影片中色情暴力的影響,另一方面也滿足了不同年紀(jì)的觀影需求。我認(rèn)為,現(xiàn)階段電影審查制度不用完全廢除,但要符合當(dāng)今電影行業(yè)發(fā)展的客觀規(guī)律,所以需要對現(xiàn)有的電影審查制度其中不合時宜的部分進(jìn)行某些改革。本文對中國電影審查制度完善建設(shè),不僅需要改革現(xiàn)行的審查制度,引入行業(yè)自律的分級制度,也需要政府構(gòu)建一整套相對獨立完整的電影行業(yè)法律體系。
[Abstract]:Film is a comprehensive modern art, it is the art creators through the visual and auditory expression of self-expression, with the development of society, this art has become an indispensable form of entertainment. The current film censorship system in China is the admission procedure for the film to be released, which is a typical administrative licensing act. The essence of film censorship is the interference of public power in freedom of expression. Every country uses different methods of film supervision, because each country and region have unique economic environment, political and cultural environment. For a long time, film censorship was one of the most effective ways for the state to regulate the film industry. After entering the new century, the new network media get unprecedented development. China's film censorship system is even more out of step with the times. In academia and industry, the existence and abolition of film censorship system, whether to learn from foreign experience to introduce film classification system has been controversial. However, there are many problems in the censorship system of our country, the biggest problem is that the administrative organs interfere too much, which can not guarantee the creators' freedom of creation, and then affect the sustainable development of the whole film industry. From the perspective of administrative licensing, this paper first combs some basic concepts of film censorship, and then analyzes the current film censorship system from three aspects: the subject, the standard and the procedure. It is concluded that there are many problems in the current film censorship system. By comparing the film censorship systems of the United States, South Korea and Hong Kong, China, we can learn from their mature and useful experiences, such as the introduction of industry self-discipline film classification. The biggest advantage of the film classification system over censorship is that it protects the needs of minors by labeling each film to tell them which movies they can and cannot watch. On the one hand, it protects minors from pornographic violence in certain films, on the other hand, it meets the needs of different ages. In my opinion, the current film censorship system should not be completely abolished, but in order to meet the objective law of the development of the film industry today, it is necessary to carry out some reforms to the outdated parts of the existing film censorship system. In this paper, we should not only reform the current censorship system and introduce the classification system of industry self-discipline, but also need the government to construct a relatively independent and complete legal system of film industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.16

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本文編號：2392722