【摘要】：我國(guó)目前城市水問題形勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻,不容忽視。由于可利用的水資源有限,同時(shí)城市發(fā)展給環(huán)境帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的水污染,城市出現(xiàn)積水問題,城市內(nèi)澇日益受到人們的關(guān)注。由于我國(guó)城市發(fā)展增速快,大量的城市建設(shè)必然導(dǎo)致城市綠地、土地等可滲水面積的減少,同樣,不透水鋪裝、屋頂?shù)瘸鞘邢聣|面面積增加,可滲水下墊面面積的減少,不透水下墊面面積的增加無(wú)疑增加了城市排水環(huán)境的壓力與困境,同時(shí)打破了原有水循環(huán)過程的平衡,降水無(wú)法通過下滲過程回補(bǔ)地下水,而形成的徑流沒有經(jīng)過自然過程的凈化過程直接沖刷地表進(jìn)入城市排水管網(wǎng),通過排水管網(wǎng)直接排入受納的自然水體中。隨著全球氣溫升高,強(qiáng)降雨的頻率也有所增加,城市一旦遭遇強(qiáng)降雨,降雨雨量超出城市排水管網(wǎng)的排水能力就會(huì)出現(xiàn)城市積水和內(nèi)澇現(xiàn)象。而舊有的城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不能滿足日益因?yàn)槿丝凇⒔?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、建設(shè)活動(dòng)增加而產(chǎn)生的需求,同時(shí)城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施及排水管網(wǎng)更新困難。響應(yīng)國(guó)家建設(shè)海綿城市政策,探索哈爾濱水敏性規(guī)劃。根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道和綠地系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),以城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道發(fā)展和城市水問題為背景,借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外的理論研究和發(fā)展實(shí)踐案例。從綠地系統(tǒng)組成出發(fā)介紹綠地調(diào)蓄雨洪的生態(tài)效能,利用城市綠地的生態(tài)效能來(lái)消納超出城市管網(wǎng)排洪能力范圍的雨洪,結(jié)合哈爾濱城市排水環(huán)境與綠地歷史發(fā)展說明綠地系統(tǒng)在城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道系統(tǒng)中承擔(dān)的職能和所起的作用。并以哈爾濱氣象、地質(zhì)條件、水文條件、降雨環(huán)境等分析為基礎(chǔ),選取代表性區(qū)域,通過徑流和洪峰的公式計(jì)算,量化研究哈爾濱城市需求綠地系統(tǒng)的規(guī)模。希望利用一定規(guī)模的綠地形成綠地系統(tǒng),來(lái)調(diào)蓄雨洪,協(xié)助管網(wǎng)幫助哈爾濱解決城市水問題。并通過基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道與綠地系統(tǒng)結(jié)合進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),優(yōu)化現(xiàn)狀哈爾濱綠地系統(tǒng)布局。討論多場(chǎng)景基于雨洪利用綠地布局研究方式。面對(duì)嚴(yán)峻的城市水問題,應(yīng)用城市規(guī)劃、城市設(shè)計(jì)理論,通過對(duì)城市綠地系統(tǒng)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵方面的深入研究,結(jié)合市政工程學(xué),城市景觀生態(tài)學(xué),風(fēng)景園林學(xué)等相關(guān)學(xué)科知識(shí),將綠地系統(tǒng)納入基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道體系中,為認(rèn)識(shí)城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道系統(tǒng)提供新的思路和方法。探討綠地系統(tǒng)結(jié)合城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道,提出具有創(chuàng)新性的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道體系模型,為優(yōu)化我國(guó)城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的提供對(duì)策,并就綠化管理方面提出優(yōu)化建議。針對(duì)哈爾濱城市本身,進(jìn)行實(shí)地研究,量化分析其綠地系統(tǒng)組成,提出合理的綠地規(guī)模與布局方式。形成完整的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道系統(tǒng)概念下的綠地系統(tǒng)。由于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道建設(shè)一經(jīng)確定不允許隨意變更,將綠地系統(tǒng)納入基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施廊道有利于保護(hù)城市綠地。響應(yīng)國(guó)家政策為了將哈爾濱建設(shè)成海綿城市而做出基礎(chǔ)研究,本論文的研究成果對(duì)于指導(dǎo)城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和綠地系統(tǒng)建設(shè)的規(guī)劃與實(shí)踐有一定指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Because of the limited available water resources and the serious water pollution caused by the urban development, the urban waterlogging problem has attracted more and more attention. Similarly, impermeable pavement, roof and other urban underlying surface area increased, the area of impermeable underwater surface decreased, impermeable underwater surface area increased undoubtedly increased the pressure and dilemma of urban drainage environment, while breaking the balance of the original water cycle process, precipitation can not recharge groundwater through infiltration process, and form As the global temperature rises, the frequency of heavy rainfall increases. Once a city encounters heavy rainfall, the rainfall will exceed the drainage capacity of the urban drainage network. The old urban infrastructure can not meet the increasing demand due to population, economic development and construction activities. At the same time, it is difficult to update the urban infrastructure and drainage network. Based on the development of urban infrastructure corridors and urban water problems, this paper introduces the ecological efficiency of rainwater storage in Greenland from the perspective of the composition of Greenland system, and utilizes the ecological efficiency of Urban Greenland to absorb rainwater beyond the scope of urban pipeline network flood discharge capacity. The historical development of urban drainage environment and green space illustrates the functions and functions of green space system in the corridor system of urban infrastructure. Based on the analysis of Harbin meteorology, geological conditions, hydrological conditions and rainfall environment, the representative areas are selected and the urban green demand of Harbin is quantitatively studied by the formula calculation of runoff and flood peak. It is hoped that a certain scale of green space will be used to form a green space system to regulate and store rainwater and flood, and help the pipe network to solve the urban water problem in Harbin. Based on the theory of urban planning and urban design, this paper studies the two key aspects of urban green space system and infrastructure corridor, and combines the knowledge of municipal engineering, urban landscape ecology, landscape architecture and other related disciplines to bring the green space system into the infrastructure corridor system in order to understand the urban foundation. The greenbelt system combines with the urban infrastructure corridor, puts forward the innovative infrastructure corridor system model, provides the countermeasure for optimizing the urban infrastructure network structure in our country, and puts forward the optimization suggestion on the greenbelt management. The green space system is formed under the concept of complete infrastructure corridor system. Because the construction of infrastructure corridor is not allowed to change at will, it is beneficial to protect urban green space to incorporate the green space system into infrastructure corridor. In order to build Harbin into a sponge city and make basic research, the research results of this paper have certain guiding significance for guiding the planning and practice of urban infrastructure and green space system construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU985.12;TV213.9

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號(hào)：2215612