【摘要】：景觀生態(tài)活性污泥復合系統(tǒng)是將除污植物和傳統(tǒng)活性污泥法(如序批式反應器,SBR)耦合的新型環(huán)境友好型污水處理系統(tǒng)。在植物和活性污泥的共同作用下,復合系統(tǒng)不僅具有穩(wěn)定達標的出水水質,同時還兼具良好的景觀性。但是,復合系統(tǒng)中除污單元對污染物去除貢獻率仍不明確。本課題采用穩(wěn)定同位素示蹤技術研究復合系統(tǒng)中不同除污功能單元中碳氮磷的遷移轉化與降解途徑,考察不同溫度與水中共存的納米顆粒對各功能單元除污能力的影響,為深入理解復合系統(tǒng)的綜合效能與指導其實際應用提供理論依據(jù)。利用穩(wěn)定同位素示蹤技術考察復合系統(tǒng)中碳氮磷的去除途徑,并對各除污單元中污染物的去除貢獻率綜合分析。結果表明,進入復合系統(tǒng)的碳元素有54.6%以微生物代謝形式被去除,18.3%被活性污泥同化,約4%被除污植物去除。復合系統(tǒng)中的氮元素約48.6%通過被微生物通過硝化反硝化途徑代謝后以氮氣形式排入大氣,約18.3%被活性污泥同化,約6.0%被植物綜合作用去除,其中根系微生物的貢獻作用最顯著。進入復合系統(tǒng)的磷元素中,約62.0%存在于污泥中,8.2%被植物根部吸收,3.7%被植物莖部吸收,3.9%被植物葉部吸收。綜合分析復合系統(tǒng)各除污單元的污染物去除貢獻率表明,復合系統(tǒng)中活性污泥是去除污染物的主要途徑,約占被去除污染物總量的70%,在除污植物種植密度為125株/m2條件下,耦合植物的綜合作用對總碳、總氮和總磷的去除貢獻率分別為4%、6%、14%。研究溫度對復合系統(tǒng)污染物去除途徑的影響行為,分析各除污單元的除污效能變化。結果表明,溫度對各除污單元中總碳去除途徑與貢獻的影響不明顯;當溫度在15℃~30℃之間變化時,微生物硝化反硝化作用去除總氮的貢獻率從46.5%增加至65.5%,活性污泥對總氮的同化作用貢獻率從12.1%提高到24.1%,植物的綜合作用貢獻率從5%提高至8%。溫度的升高對于總磷去除途徑的影響也較大,會同時增加微生物同化、植物吸收與根系微生物同化等作用能力。考察了水體中共存的納米顆粒對復合系統(tǒng)除污途徑與各功能單元除污作用的影響,結果表明,當Ag NPs的濃度增至10 mg/L時,活性污泥對總碳、總氮的同化能力分別下降3%、0%,而根際微生物對總碳和總氮的去除貢獻率分別下降1.4%、1.8%。共存的Zn O NPs濃度增加至100 mg/L才開始顯著影響復合系統(tǒng)除污作用,導致活性污泥對總碳和總氮的同化作用降低3.3%和1.5%,根際微生物的對總碳和總磷的同化作用分別減低1.4%與2.5%,且出水中磷含量增加6%。
[Abstract]:Landscape ecological activated sludge complex system is a new environment-friendly sewage treatment system, which combines the decontamination plants with the traditional activated sludge process (such as sequencing batch reactor / SBR). Under the joint action of plant and activated sludge, the composite system not only has stable effluent quality, but also has good landscape. However, the contribution of decontamination units to pollutant removal in the composite system is still unclear. In this paper, the stable isotope tracer technique was used to study the migration, transformation and degradation of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in different decontamination function units in the composite system, and the effects of different temperature and water coexistence nanoparticles on the decontamination ability of each functional unit were investigated. It provides a theoretical basis for understanding the comprehensive efficiency of the composite system and guiding its practical application. The stable isotope tracer technique was used to investigate the removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the composite system, and the contribution rate of pollutants removal in each decontamination unit was comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that 54.6% of the carbon elements entering the composite system were removed by microbial metabolism and 18.3% by activated sludge, and about 4% by decontamination plants. About 48.6% of the nitrogen elements in the composite system were metabolized by nitrification and denitrification, 18. 3% were assimilated by activated sludge, and 6. 0% were removed by the comprehensive action of plants. The contribution of root microbes was the most significant. About 62.0% of the phosphorus elements entering the complex system were absorbed by the roots of the plant and 3.7% by the stems, and 3.9% by the leaves of the plants. The comprehensive analysis of the pollutant removal contribution rate of each decontamination unit in the composite system shows that activated sludge is the main way to remove pollutants in the composite system, accounting for about 70% of the total amount of pollutants removed. Under the condition of 125 plants / m2 plant density, The total carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus removal contribution rate of the combined action of coupled plants was 4% and 6% respectively. The effect of temperature on the removal of pollutants in the composite system was studied, and the change of decontamination efficiency of each decontamination unit was analyzed. The results show that the effect of temperature on the total carbon removal pathway and contribution is not obvious, and when the temperature varies from 15 鈩，

本文編號：2197746