【摘要】：顧繡作為書畫藝術(shù)影響下的一種介于繪畫和刺繡之間的藝術(shù)性的畫繡,是我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)刺繡藝術(shù)文化中的一朵奇葩。自2006年顧繡申遺成功以后,顧繡研究更是受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注。其中,繡畫關(guān)系的研究是目前顧繡研究需要突破的關(guān)鍵之一。一般顧繡研究在談到顧繡與繪畫的關(guān)系時(shí)都談得比較簡(jiǎn)略,但是具體而言顧繡如何受到書畫藝術(shù)的影響,在書畫藝術(shù)的影響下又呈現(xiàn)出怎樣的審美特征,研究者們則往往是一筆帶過,沒有充分的分析和研究。所以本文將抓住顧繡與書畫藝術(shù)的關(guān)系,從此入手去分析顧繡的審美特征。本文第一部分首先考察了顧繡產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)背景與工藝環(huán)境,明確了文人介入手工業(yè)、工商業(yè)領(lǐng)域及文人趣味的廣泛流行為顧繡的產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)造了良好的時(shí)代氛圍。其次考察了顧繡產(chǎn)生的以顧氏家庭為中心的文人圈,明確了文人的活動(dòng)與審美趣味對(duì)顧繡的產(chǎn)生的直接影響。最后,抓住文人趣味對(duì)顧繡的影響,分析了顧繡與文人趣味的關(guān)系,明確了顧繡與文人藝術(shù)——書畫藝術(shù)的直接關(guān)系,為具體分析書畫藝術(shù)影響下顧繡的審美特征打下基礎(chǔ)。第二部分,抓住書畫藝術(shù)在題材上對(duì)顧繡的影響,考察了顧繡題材文化之美的審美特征,首先明確了顧繡受文人畫影響表現(xiàn)出文人對(duì)出世隱逸逍遙、入世濟(jì)世功名,以及獲得人格、精神的獨(dú)立與自由的文人理想追求。其次明確了顧繡受非文人畫影響的世俗理想追求。一是希望愛情美滿、婚姻和諧、多子多孫,二是希望生活富貴美好、健康長(zhǎng)壽、平安吉祥,三是希望通過宗教修行,種善因得善果,脫離苦海,獲得福報(bào)。第三部分,抓住書畫藝術(shù)在表現(xiàn)技巧上對(duì)顧繡的影響,考察了顧繡在工藝技巧上的審美特征。首先明確了顧繡不僅是外在形式上將“畫”與“繡”兩種藝術(shù)語言結(jié)合,力求更好的表現(xiàn)作品,還在內(nèi)部繡理上暗合畫理,追求書畫的筆墨效果。它通過“以繡為筆墨”和“以繡為筆,以畫為墨”的兩種具體方法使顧繡作品由內(nèi)而外都具有一種畫繡結(jié)合的技藝之美。其次明確了顧繡為追求寫生效果,極力的表現(xiàn)事物的光澤、立體感以及事物的真實(shí)紋理,從而具有了以繡摹真的技藝之美。第四部分,抓住書畫藝術(shù)在審美風(fēng)格上對(duì)顧繡的影響,考察了顧繡在書畫藝術(shù)影響下的三種藝術(shù)風(fēng)格,即:文人畫影響下形成的簡(jiǎn)淡空靈的風(fēng)格,院體畫影響下形成的典雅秀麗的風(fēng)格,以及女性繪畫影響下形成的纖秀清幽的風(fēng)格。最后一部分,在把握了顧繡的審美特征及其如何形成的基礎(chǔ)上,首先明晰了顧繡現(xiàn)代傳承的價(jià)值,它是我們保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)文化、保持中國(guó)藝術(shù)特色的重要使命,有深刻的文化價(jià)值、藝術(shù)價(jià)值和社會(huì)價(jià)值。然后對(duì)顧繡現(xiàn)代傳承由于時(shí)代變化和缺乏優(yōu)秀繼承者而產(chǎn)生的困境進(jìn)行反思,并借助顧繡走出顧繡家庭以后傳承的得失情況獲得啟發(fā),明確顧繡現(xiàn)代傳承的關(guān)鍵是:抓住顧繡從書畫藝術(shù)中獲得的藝術(shù)生命才是其最重要的藝術(shù)追求,以及藝術(shù)精神和藝術(shù)修養(yǎng)才是顧繡傳承者要努力的方向,希望對(duì)顧繡的現(xiàn)代傳承有所啟發(fā)。
[Abstract]:Gu embroidery, as an artistic embroidery between painting and embroidery, is a wonderful flower in the traditional Chinese embroidery art and culture. Since the successful application of Gu embroidery in 2006, the study of Gu embroidery has attracted widespread attention. 1. The general study of Gu embroidery is relatively brief when it comes to the relationship between Gu embroidery and painting, but specifically, how Gu embroidery is influenced by the art of painting and calligraphy, and what kind of aesthetic characteristics it presents under the influence of the art of painting and calligraphy, researchers are often a brush stroke, not enough analysis and research. In the first part of this paper, the social background and technological environment of Gu embroidery are investigated. It is clear that the widespread popularity of literati's involvement in handicraft industry, industry and Commerce and literati's interest create a good atmosphere for the emergence of Gu embroidery. Gu's family-centered circle of literati clearly defines the direct impact of literati's activities and aesthetic tastes on Gu embroidery. Finally, by grasping the influence of literati's tastes on Gu embroidery, this paper analyzes the relationship between Gu embroidery and literati's tastes, and clarifies the direct relationship between Gu embroidery and literati's art-calligraphy and painting art. The second part, grasping the influence of calligraphy and painting on Gu embroidery, investigates the aesthetic characteristics of the cultural beauty of Gu embroidery. Firstly, it clarifies that Gu embroidery is influenced by literati painting and shows literati's pursuit of seclusion and leisure, economic fame, personality, spiritual independence and freedom. Secondly, it clarifies Gu embroidery's pursuit of secular ideals influenced by non-literati paintings. First, he hopes to have a happy love, a harmonious marriage, many children and grandchildren. Second, he hopes to live a prosperous, healthy and long life. Third, he hopes to achieve good results through religious practice, get rid of the sea of hardship, and obtain blessings. First of all, it is clear that Gu embroidery is not only the combination of "painting" and "embroidery" in external form, but also the pursuit of ink and brush effect in calligraphy and painting through "embroidery as brush and ink" and "embroidery as embroidery as brush". The two specific methods of "painting as ink" make Gu embroidery have a kind of artistic beauty of combining painting and embroidery from inside to outside. Secondly, it makes clear that Gu embroidery is the pursuit of writing effect, and strives to express the luster of things, three-dimensional sense and the true texture of things, thus having the beauty of the art of imitating with embroidery. The influence of aesthetic style on Gu's embroidery is investigated. The three artistic styles of Gu's embroidery under the influence of calligraphy and painting are as follows: the simple and spiritual style formed under the influence of literati painting, the elegant and beautiful style formed under the influence of courtyard painting, and the delicate and quiet style formed under the influence of female painting. On the basis of characteristics and how they are formed, the value of Gu embroidery's modern inheritance is first clarified. It is an important mission for us to protect traditional culture and maintain Chinese artistic characteristics. It has profound cultural value, artistic value and social value. Reflections, and with the help of Gu embroidery out of the Gu embroidery family after the inheritance of the gain and loss of inspiration, clear Gu embroidery modern inheritance of the key is to grasp the art of Gu embroidery from the art of painting and calligraphy is the most important artistic pursuit, as well as artistic spirit and artistic accomplishment is Gu embroidery inheritors to strive for the direction of hope for modern Gu embroidery Inheritance is enlightening.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：J523.6

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