本文選題：生態(tài)自然觀 + 青羊宮�。� 參考：《四川農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：人類文明的發(fā)展進步,實際上就是人與人、人與自然關系不斷調整、相互作用的結果。在歷經(jīng)工業(yè)文明帶來的喜悅和陣痛后,面對日益嚴重的環(huán)境危機,人們的生態(tài)意識逐漸被喚醒。中華文明源遠流長,光輝燦爛,蘊含豐富的生態(tài)思想和生存哲學。道教作為我國本土宗教,始終重視探究人與天的相互關系,其“天人合一”思想深刻地影響了中國傳統(tǒng)文化和社會各階層的意識形態(tài)。道觀是道教思想的精神延續(xù),園林又是道觀中不可缺少的環(huán)境因素,無論是作為宗教場所,還是游賞之地,或是自然境域,道觀園林都深深留下了道教生態(tài)思想的烙印。青羊宮作為西蜀寺觀園林的代表,以其特有的生態(tài)智慧和與城市演變的密切聯(lián)系,在中國園林史上獨樹一幟。它不僅是道教傳統(tǒng)文化和造園藝術相結合的產(chǎn)物,而且也是人與自然和諧共存的杰出典范。本文希望通過對青羊宮宮觀環(huán)境的研究,提煉道觀道觀園林的自然生態(tài)思想,挖掘道觀在城市發(fā)展進程中蘊藏的城市印記,探究城市型道觀對于人居環(huán)境構建的生態(tài)啟示,為解決現(xiàn)代城市化進程與人類生存壓力之間的種種矛盾提供一定的參考和借鑒。本研究選取從生態(tài)自然觀角度作為切入點,結合成都城市歷史變遷,對影響青羊宮道觀園林生態(tài)取向的各要素進行了以下研究：首先從樸素自然觀和道教教義著手分析,總結得出道教生態(tài)自然觀的基本特征是：道法自然,造物均等；天地父母,重道貴生；知止知常,知止不殆；自然無為,為而不恃。從第三章開始主要探討城市歷史變遷對青羊宮演變影響,主要集中在兩個方面：一是道觀類型的轉變；二是道觀功能的改變。此外,研究還表明青羊宮從山野型道觀轉變成城市型道觀歷經(jīng)了誕生期、奠基期、轉折期、定型期四個發(fā)展階段。通過梳理青羊宮演變脈絡,我們歸納出政治因素、經(jīng)濟因素以及宗教因素是青羊宮成為城市道觀園林的三大原因。第五章開始對青羊宮園林景觀進行分析,主要從園林的選址、建筑、植物、山水、小品以及寺觀經(jīng)營等方面探究生態(tài)自然思想的應用。最后歸納總結出青羊宮生態(tài)自然觀的基本特征為：崇尚自然,趨利避害的環(huán)境觀；天人合一,就近取材的建筑觀；以人為本,生態(tài)養(yǎng)生的園林觀；物欲貴儉,物盡其用的資源觀；自然情趣,陶冶情操的山水觀；自然無為,可持續(xù)發(fā)展的實踐觀。最后,通過對道教生態(tài)倫理思想的現(xiàn)代價值進行探討,總結得出其具體表現(xiàn)在維持生態(tài)整體性、保護生物多樣性以及主張消費適度三方面。同時,還對城市道觀園林中的生態(tài)智慧對于當代人居環(huán)境構建的借鑒與啟示進行了展望和思考。
[Abstract]:The development and progress of human civilization is actually the result of the constant adjustment and interaction between human and human beings and the relationship between human and nature. After the joy and pain of industrial civilization, the ecological consciousness of people is gradually awakened in the face of the increasingly serious environmental crisis. The source of Chinese civilization is long and glorious and contains rich ecological thoughts and students. As our native religion, Taoism, as a native religion in our country, has always attached great importance to exploring the relationship between man and heaven. The idea of "harmony between heaven and man" has deeply influenced the ideology of Chinese traditional culture and all social strata. Taoism is the spiritual continuation of Taoist thought, and garden is an environmental factor which can not be lacking in Taoism, whether it is a religious place or a religious place. It is a tourist destination, or a natural environment, and the Taoist garden has deeply left the brand of Taoist ecological thought. As the representative of the West Shu temple garden, Qingyang Temple is unique in the history of Chinese garden, with its unique ecological wisdom and the close connection with the evolution of the city. And it is also an outstanding example of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. This article hopes to extract the natural ecological thought of Taoist View Garden through the study of Qingyang Temple's palace view environment, excavate the city mark that the Taoist view contains in the process of urban development, and explore the ecological enlightenment of the urban Taoist view on the construction of human living environment, in order to solve the process of modern urbanization and This study selects from the angle of ecological nature as a breakthrough point, combining with the historical changes in Chengdu City, the following research is carried out on the factors affecting the ecological orientation of the Qingyang Temple Taoist Garden: first, it begins with the simple nature view and Taoist doctrines, and summarizes the conclusion. The basic characteristics of Taoism ecological nature view are: the nature of Taoism, the equality of creation, the parents of heaven and earth, the emphasis on the precious life, the knowledge and the knowledge, the natural inactivity, the inaction of nature, and no bullies. From the third chapters, the influence of the historical changes of the city on the evolution of the Qingyang Temple is mainly discussed in two aspects: one is the transformation of the Taoist view type; and the two is the Taoist view. In addition, the study also shows that the transformation of Qingyang Temple from the mountain view to the city type view has undergone four stages of development, such as the birth period, the foundation period, the turning period and the setting period. By combing the evolution of the Qingyang Temple, we conclude that the political, economic and religious factors are the three major reasons for Qingyang Temple as a city Daoist garden. The fifth chapter begins with the analysis of Qingyang Temple landscape, mainly from the site selection, architecture, plant, landscape, sketches and monastery management and other aspects of the application of ecological nature thought. Finally, the basic characteristics of Qingyang Temple ecological nature view are summarized as follows: advocating nature, taking advantage of the environment and avoiding harm. The concept of architecture, the concept of "people-oriented" and "ecological health" garden, the concept of "natural resources", "natural interest", "natural beauty", "natural beauty", "natural ignorance" and "sustainable development" concept of practice. Finally, through the discussion of the modern value of Taoist ecological ethics, it is concluded that its specific performance is to maintain the integrity of the ecological environment. There are three aspects of protecting biological diversity and maintaining moderate consumption. At the same time, we also look and think about the reference and Enlightenment of the ecological wisdom in the urban Daoist garden for the construction of the contemporary human living environment.
【學位授予單位】：四川農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU986.2

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