本文選題：南寧市 + 觀賞棕櫚　； 參考：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：棕櫚科植物因株型獨特,具有較高的觀賞價值,被廣泛用于城市園林綠化造景或做盆栽觀賞植物。然而,我區(qū)乃至我國有關(guān)棕櫚科植物的綜合評價幾乎沒有開展相關(guān)研究,觀賞棕櫚的園林應(yīng)用標準、景觀配置設(shè)計、品種選擇、引種標準等均具有很強的隨意性和隨機性,導(dǎo)致觀賞棕櫚的科研、生產(chǎn)和新品種培育亂象叢生。對觀賞棕櫚進行綜合評價是科學(xué)引種利用和開發(fā)觀賞棕櫚的關(guān)鍵和基礎(chǔ),能有效解決在觀賞棕櫚引種和應(yīng)用方面,因不注重科學(xué)性、盲目引種而導(dǎo)致的經(jīng)濟損失的問題,減少因過多進行病蟲害防治對環(huán)境造成的污染。本研究基于園林植物與應(yīng)用、園林樹木學(xué)和園林美學(xué)等基本理論和技術(shù),通過文獻資料收集、整理和分析,結(jié)合實地調(diào)查,建立了一套具有科學(xué)性和可操作性的綜合評價體系,對南寧市常見觀賞棕櫚進行系統(tǒng)評價,探討南寧市觀賞棕櫚的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,針對不足,提出建議。旨在為觀賞棕櫚的合理開發(fā)使用、育種、引進等提供依據(jù),減少因盲目性、重復(fù)性而對資源、人力、物力和時間的浪費。通過研究,得出以下結(jié)論：1.確立了南寧市觀賞棕櫚的評價體系。參考觀賞植物的評價方法,通過向有關(guān)專家咨詢,從觀賞價值、適應(yīng)性、經(jīng)濟學(xué)指標和應(yīng)用指標等方面、具體包括18個評價指標構(gòu)建評價體系。評價體系采取定性和定量分析相結(jié)合的方法,使評價結(jié)果相對全面和科學(xué)。2.應(yīng)用層次分析法對南寧市觀賞棕櫚進行了等級劃分。23種觀賞棕櫚總評價值的等級劃分為3級,其中I級的13種,包括魚尾葵、蒲葵、棕櫚、多裂棕竹、金山葵、棕竹、三藥檳榔、銀海棗、加拿利海棗、青棕、富貴椰子、圓葉蒲葵和夏威夷椰子；Ⅱ級的有5種,包括袖珍椰子、董棕、魚尾椰子、散尾葵和大王椰子；Ⅲ級的有5種,包括花葉棕竹、軟葉針葵、國王椰子、老人葵和白菜棕。3.分析總結(jié)了南寧市觀賞棕櫚在園林應(yīng)用中存在的問題。通過對觀賞棕櫚在南寧市的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀開展深入細致的調(diào)查研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)南寧市使用觀賞棕櫚種類達30種,其中9種為鄉(xiāng)土種,21種為國外引進種,鄉(xiāng)土棕櫚比例偏小,應(yīng)用時存在重觀賞性而輕實用性的問題。4.觀賞棕櫚景觀應(yīng)用應(yīng)遵循的理論依據(jù)及原則。針對南寧市目前觀賞棕櫚的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,提出遵循科學(xué)性、重視實用性和增強藝術(shù)性的原則,加快新品種選育進程。這樣既能營造優(yōu)美的景觀和維持景觀的穩(wěn)定性、更好地發(fā)揮園林植物的功能作用,又能豐富園林植物種質(zhì)資源、突出地方特色。
[Abstract]:Palmiaceae is widely used in urban landscaping or potted ornamental plants because of its unique plant type and high ornamental value. However, the comprehensive evaluation of palm plants in our region and even in China has hardly carried out relevant research. The garden application standards, landscape configuration design, variety selection and introduction criteria of ornamental palms have strong randomness and randomness. Led to ornamental palm research, production and cultivation of new varieties of chaos. Comprehensive evaluation of ornamental palm is the key and foundation of scientific introduction and development of ornamental palm, which can effectively solve the problem of economic loss caused by not paying attention to scientific and blind introduction of ornamental palm. Reduce environmental pollution caused by excessive pest control. Based on the basic theories and techniques of garden plants and application, garden treeology and garden aesthetics, a set of scientific and operable comprehensive evaluation system has been established by collecting, arranging and analyzing documents, combining with field investigation. This paper makes a systematic evaluation of the common ornamental palms in Nanning, probes into the present situation of the application of the ornamental palms in Nanning, and puts forward some suggestions in view of the shortcomings. The aim is to provide the basis for the rational exploitation, breeding and introduction of ornamental palm, and to reduce the waste of resources, manpower, material resources and time due to blindness and repeatability. Through research, the following conclusion is drawn: 1. The evaluation system of ornamental palm in Nanning was established. Referring to the evaluation methods of ornamental plants, the evaluation system is constructed from the aspects of ornamental value, adaptability, economic index and application index. The evaluation system adopts the method of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis to make the evaluation results relatively comprehensive and scientific. The total value of 23 ornamental palms in Nanning was classified into 3 grades by AHP. Among them, 13 species of grade I, including fishtail sunflower, cattleflower, palm, polyphagous palm, Jinshan sunflower, brown bamboo, etc. Three drugs, areca nut, Yinhai jujube, canary sea date, green palm, rich coconut, round leaf sunflower and Hawaiian coconut; class II has five species, including pocket coconut, Dong palm, fishtail coconut, loose tail coconut and king coconut; and there are five species in grade III, Includes mosaic palm bamboo, soft conifer, king coconut, old sunflower and cabbage palm. 3. The problems existing in the application of ornamental palm in Nanning were analyzed and summarized. The application of ornamental palms in Nanning was investigated and studied in detail. It was found that there were 30 species of ornamental palms used in Nanning, of which 9 species were native species and 21 species were imported from abroad, and the proportion of native palms was small. In application, there is a problem of valuing but not practicability. The theoretical basis and principle of application of ornamental palm landscape. In view of the present situation of application of ornamental palm in Nanning City, it is suggested that the principles of scientific, practical and artistic should be followed in order to speed up the breeding process of new varieties. This can not only create beautiful landscape and maintain the stability of landscape, better play the function of garden plants, but also enrich the germplasm resources of garden plants, highlight the local characteristics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S687

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