發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-11 12:15

  本文選題：明長城 + 森林景觀��； 參考：《北京林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究以保護(hù)和提升北京明長城周邊生態(tài)環(huán)境為出發(fā)點(diǎn),以北京市長城普查數(shù)據(jù)和北京市森林資源二類調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)(含林相圖)為主要數(shù)據(jù)源,在分析北京明長城沿線兩側(cè)3km范圍區(qū)域內(nèi)的森林景觀格局的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合運(yùn)用空間統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)和地統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法,評價(jià)分析研究區(qū)生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)狀況,并簡要提出相應(yīng)的保護(hù)管理措施,以期為研究區(qū)長城及其周邊的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)工作提供理論和數(shù)據(jù)參考。(1)采用景觀格局指數(shù),分別從景觀組成結(jié)構(gòu)特征、數(shù)量結(jié)構(gòu)特征、分形特征和穩(wěn)定性、異質(zhì)性和復(fù)雜性等方面,分析了研究區(qū)的森林景觀空間格局特征。該研究區(qū)以有林地和灌木林地為優(yōu)勢景觀,面積比重之和達(dá)83.38%,景觀斑塊以0.5km2以下的中小型斑塊數(shù)量居多；有林地聚合性最強(qiáng),連接性最好,破碎化程度最低；而疏林地和無立木林地景觀連接性差,破碎化程度高；農(nóng)地和其他用地斑塊形狀不規(guī)則程度較高,穩(wěn)定性差；區(qū)縣間,密云景觀類型多樣化程度最高,集中化程度最低,而懷柔則相反。(2)將研究區(qū)劃分為315個(gè)小區(qū),依據(jù)脆弱度指數(shù)和干擾度指數(shù),構(gòu)建了景觀生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù),定量分析各個(gè)區(qū)域的相對生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)程度,反映了研究區(qū)生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能發(fā)生的綜合性概率。風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析結(jié)果顯示,懷柔東南部與密云接壤處生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最高,并以此為中心,向懷柔西南部及密云西北部逐漸降低；低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)域主要分布于延慶東部、密云東部及平谷等地,較高及高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)域則主要分布于懷柔及密云境內(nèi)。其中,八達(dá)嶺、黃花城、慕田峪、五座樓、古北口、金山嶺以及司馬臺等著名長城段風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相對較高。(3)在以上研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,將研究區(qū)的相對生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)程度進(jìn)行等級劃分,并針對各等級提出相應(yīng)的生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防管理建議。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to protect and improve the ecological environment around the Great Wall in Beijing, and to take the Great Wall survey data of Beijing and the forest resources survey data (including forest phase diagram) as the main data sources. Based on the analysis of the forest landscape pattern in the 3km area on both sides of the line of Beijing Ming the Great Wall, the ecological risk situation of the study area was evaluated and analyzed by using the spatial statistics and geostatistics methods, and the corresponding protection and management measures were put forward briefly. In order to provide theoretical and data reference for the study area the Great Wall and its surrounding ecological environment protection work, using landscape pattern index, respectively, from landscape composition structural characteristics, quantitative structural characteristics, fractal characteristics and stability, In the aspects of heterogeneity and complexity, the spatial pattern characteristics of forest landscape in the study area were analyzed. In this research area, forestland and shrub land are the dominant landscape, the sum of area proportion is 83.38, the number of small and medium-sized patches below 0.5km2 is the most, the aggregation of woodland is the strongest, the connectivity is the best, and the degree of fragmentation is the lowest. The landscape connectivity and fragmentation degree of sparse forest land and non-standing wood forest land are poor, and the patch shape of farmland and other land is irregular, and the stability is poor. Among districts and counties, the diversity degree of Miyun landscape type is the highest, and the concentration degree is the lowest, among the regions and counties, Miyun landscape has the highest degree of diversity and the lowest degree of centralization. Huairou, on the contrary, divided the study area into 315 communities. Based on the vulnerability index and disturbance index, the landscape ecological risk index was constructed, and the relative ecological risk degree of each region was quantitatively analyzed. It reflects the comprehensive probability of ecological risk in the study area. The results of risk analysis showed that the ecological risk in southeast Huairou was the highest in the border with Miyun, and gradually decreased to southwestern Huairou and northwestern Miyun, and the low-risk areas were mainly distributed in eastern Yanqing, eastern Miyun and Pinggu, etc. High-risk and high-risk areas are mainly located in Huairou and Miyun. Among them, Badaling, Huanghua City, Mutianyu, five buildings, Gubeikou, Jinshanling, Simatai and other famous the Great Wall sections have relatively high risk. And put forward the corresponding ecological risk prevention and management suggestions for each level.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P901;S757;X826

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 許學(xué)工,林輝平,付在毅,布仁倉;黃河三角洲濕地區(qū)域生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)[J];北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2001年01期

2 滕明君;周志翔;王鵬程;覃婕;王燕燕;史梅容;;基于RS/GIS的武漢市九峰城市森林保護(hù)區(qū)景觀結(jié)構(gòu)特征及規(guī)劃對策[J];長江流域資源與環(huán)境;2010年01期

3 楊珍珍;白淼源;;基于GIS的大興安嶺呼中森林景觀格局分析[J];東北林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2010年09期

4 宋小雙;王鳳友;鄧勛;劉欣;;基于GIS的東寧縣高保護(hù)價(jià)值森林景觀格局分析[J];東北林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2011年04期

5 王靜,郭旭東;我國縣級尺度土地可持續(xù)利用的科學(xué)調(diào)控[J];地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2002年03期

6 劉彥隨,陳百明;中國可持續(xù)發(fā)展問題與土地利用/覆被變化研究[J];地理研究;2002年03期

7 賈寶全,楊潔泉;景觀生態(tài)學(xué)的起源與發(fā)展[J];干旱區(qū)研究;1999年03期

8 徐建華,艾南山,金炯,樊勝岳;西北干旱區(qū)景觀要素鑲嵌結(jié)構(gòu)的分形研究——以黑河流域?yàn)槔齕J];干旱區(qū)研究;2001年01期

9 貢璐;鞠強(qiáng);潘曉玲;;博斯騰湖區(qū)域景觀生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)研究[J];干旱區(qū)資源與環(huán)境;2007年01期

10 劉熒;王亮;趙榮;梁勇;;羌塘自然保護(hù)區(qū)地表覆蓋在地形梯度上的空間分布特征研究[J];測繪通報(bào);2012年S1期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 井學(xué)輝;新疆額爾齊斯河流域植被景觀格局與生物多樣性空間變化規(guī)律研究[D];中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院;2008年

，

本文編號：2005203