本文選題：表觀污染 + 特征物質　； 參考：《蘇州科技學院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：景觀功能是城市水體的主要功能之一，水體表觀惡化是影響景觀功能的主要原因。表觀污染程度不同的水體所呈現(xiàn)的表觀效應差異明顯，而且在某一類型表觀污染水體中，存在呈現(xiàn)高濃度特點且有別于其他類型水體的污染物即特征污染物，通過對這類特征污染物的識別，能夠達到表征不同類型表觀污染水體的目的。為揭示水體表觀污染特性、制定表觀污染控制對策提供理論依據，本文以蘇州古城區(qū)和高新區(qū)40多處采樣點為研究對象，經歷長達近2年的連續(xù)水質監(jiān)測觀察，并結合前2年相同位點的監(jiān)測數(shù)據，采用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計軟件和宏觀統(tǒng)計分析方法，識別表觀污染水體的特征污染物，并利用表觀特征污染物對不同污染類型水體進行分類分析，建立了一種表觀污染水體的分類方法，，并驗證了該方法的可行性。具體開展了以下工作： （1）對31處采樣點所得的約400組監(jiān)測觀察數(shù)據進行因子分析，找出了影響水體表觀效應的主要污染物，分別為高錳酸鹽指數(shù)（Im）、氨氮（NH3-N）、總磷（TP）、紫外吸光度（UV254）、硫化物（S2-）、透明度（SD）、濁度和葉綠素a（Chl-a），經分析表明，水體表觀污染主要受有機物、懸浮顆粒物、營養(yǎng)鹽、藻類等影響。通過宏觀數(shù)據分析，識別出表觀污染水體的特征污染物。另外，分別采用激光粒度儀和高效液相色譜儀測試不同表觀污染水體的粒度分布和溶解性有機物的分子量大小，發(fā)現(xiàn)水體懸浮物粒徑和溶解性有機物分子量均可作為表觀污染水體的特征污染物質。 （2）運用因子分析數(shù)據，進一步定性定量分析表觀污染水體中的特征污染物，并結合污染水體的環(huán)境影響因素，最終將污染水體分為有機主導型、無機主導型、營養(yǎng)主導型以及混合型這四種類型。采用特征污染物作為主要分類指標，并輔助于其他表觀污染影響因子，界定了不同的污染類型。將UV254[S2-]100010cm-1mg·L-1，且Im5mg/L、DO3mg/L的水體界定為有機主導型；濁度/Im5NTU (mgL-1)-1，同時Im5mg/L、濁度25NTU、DO5mg/L水體界定為無機主導型；將Chl-a20μgL-1且濁度/Im5NTU(mgL-1)-1、UV254[S2-]1000＜10cm-1mg·L-1水體界定為營養(yǎng)主導型；其他受表觀污染水體則為混合型。 （3）利用另外12處為期1年多的定點河道監(jiān)測數(shù)據（采樣頻率為1次/周），分別從時間和空間角度，將聚類分析法的分類結果與本文所建立分類方法的驗證結果作比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者具有很好的吻合性，從而認為文中建立的分類方法具有一定的可行性和實際應用性。
[Abstract]:Landscape function is one of the main functions of urban water body, and the deterioration of water body is the main reason that affects the landscape function. The apparent effects of water bodies with different degree of apparent pollution are obviously different, and in a certain type of water bodies of apparent pollution, there are pollutants that exhibit high concentration and are different from other types of water bodies, that is, characteristic pollutants. Through the identification of this kind of characteristic pollutants, the purpose of representing different types of apparent polluted water can be achieved. In order to reveal the characteristics of water surface pollution and provide theoretical basis for formulating apparent pollution control measures, this paper takes more than 40 sampling points in Suzhou ancient urban area and high tech zone as the research object, and has experienced continuous monitoring and observation of water quality for nearly 2 years. Combined with the monitoring data of the same site in the previous two years, the characteristic pollutants of the surface polluted water were identified by using the mathematical statistics software and the macroscopic statistical analysis method, and the water bodies of different pollution types were classified and analyzed by using the apparent characteristic pollutants. A classification method of apparent polluted water was established, and the feasibility of the method was verified. In particular, the following work was carried out: 1) Factor analysis was carried out on about 400 groups of observation data collected from 31 sampling sites, and the main pollutants affecting the apparent effect of water were found. The main results were as follows: permanganate index (Iman), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP), UV absorbance (UV254N), sulfides (S2-N), transparency (SDN), turbidity and chlorophyll (Chl-Chl-a). The results showed that the apparent pollution of water was mainly affected by organic matter, suspended particulate matter, nutrient salt, algae and so on. The characteristic pollutants of the surface polluted water were identified by macroscopical data analysis. In addition, laser particle size analyzer and high performance liquid chromatograph were used to measure the particle size distribution and molecular weight of dissolved organic matter. It was found that the particle size of suspended matter and the molecular weight of dissolved organic matter could be regarded as characteristic pollutants in the surface polluted water. 2) using factor analysis data to further qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the characteristic pollutants in the surface polluted water body, and combine the environmental influence factors of the polluted water body, and finally divide the polluted water body into organic dominant type and inorganic dominant type. Nutrition-dominated and mixed-type are the four types. Different pollution types were defined by using characteristic pollutants as the main classification index and auxiliary to other apparent pollution factors. UV254 [S2-] 100010cm-1mg L-1 and Im5mg / LDO3mg / L were defined as organic dominant; turbidity / Im5NTU / mgL-1, and turbidity 25NTU / L, turbidity 25NTUDO5mg / L were defined as inorganic dominant; Chl-a20 渭 gL-1 and turbidity ratio Im5NTUmgL-1mg-1 < 10cm-1mg L-1 were defined as nutrient-dominant; other water bodies with apparent pollution were defined as nutrient-dominated. (3) using the monitoring data (sampling frequency of 1 time / week) of 12 other fixed-point river channels for more than one year, the classification results of cluster analysis are compared with the results of verification of the classification method established in this paper from the point of view of time and space, respectively. It is found that the two methods are in good agreement with each other, and it is concluded that the classification method established in this paper is feasible and practical.
【學位授予單位】：蘇州科技學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 曾志果;康Z

本文編號：1977977