本文選題：湖州市 + 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)格局��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)的急速發(fā)展引致一系列的資源浪費(fèi)、環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)破壞問題,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)變化研究成為當(dāng)下研究的熱點(diǎn)。論文采用長時(shí)間序列(2000-2014年)多源遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)(Lansat 5/7/8),基于面向?qū)ο蠓指詈椭R(shí)挖掘的方法系統(tǒng)獲取湖州市土地覆被和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類型現(xiàn)狀及變化信息,構(gòu)建生態(tài)系統(tǒng)格局和生態(tài)承載力評(píng)價(jià)體系,從生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類型與分布、構(gòu)成與比例、相互轉(zhuǎn)化特征、景觀格局特征、生態(tài)足跡、生態(tài)承載力、生態(tài)承載力轉(zhuǎn)移、生態(tài)赤字/盈余等方面深入分析其演化過程和變化規(guī)律,揭露存在的主要問題,并對(duì)湖州市生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。研究結(jié)果表明：2000-2014年,湖州市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了顯著動(dòng)態(tài)變動(dòng),2005-2010年變化程度最為劇烈。耕地和城鎮(zhèn)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是變化最活躍的類型,隨著城市化進(jìn)程加快,湖州市城鎮(zhèn)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)不斷向外擴(kuò)張并侵占大量耕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。十五年來,除了林地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)面積略有增加,其他各類生態(tài)系統(tǒng)面積均有所減少。監(jiān)測時(shí)段內(nèi),景觀多樣性指數(shù)和均勻度指數(shù)值上升,景觀斑塊的分布呈均衡化及均勻性趨勢,但斑塊密度增加同時(shí)聚集度指數(shù)下降,長期的人類活動(dòng)干擾加劇了湖州市破碎化程度。生態(tài)足跡需求在2010年前后呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng),表現(xiàn)出先增后降的趨勢,生態(tài)承載力在2005年前后波動(dòng),表現(xiàn)出先降后增的趨勢。生態(tài)赤字／盈余分析結(jié)果表明,生態(tài)足跡需求高于生態(tài)承載力供給,湖州市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)性發(fā)展遭到嚴(yán)重危脅。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy has led to a series of problems of resource waste, environmental pollution, ecological destruction and ecosystem dynamic change. In this paper, Lansat 5 / 7 / 8 / 8 / 8 data are used to obtain land cover and ecosystem type information of Huzhou based on object oriented segmentation and knowledge mining. Constructing the ecosystem pattern and ecological carrying capacity evaluation system, from the ecosystem type and distribution, the constitution and the proportion, the mutual transformation characteristic, the landscape pattern characteristic, the ecological footprint, the ecological carrying capacity transfer, The evolution process and change law of ecological deficit / surplus are analyzed in depth, the main problems are exposed, and the scientific basis for ecological environment protection in Huzhou City is provided. The results show that the ecosystem structure of Huzhou city changed significantly from 2000 to 2014. The change degree of ecosystem structure in Huzhou City from 2005 to 2010 was the most severe. Cultivated land and urban ecosystem are the most active types of change. With the acceleration of urbanization, the urban ecosystem of Huzhou City is constantly expanding outwards and encroaching on a large number of cultivated land ecosystems. In the past 15 years, the area of all kinds of ecosystems has decreased except that the area of forestland ecosystem has increased slightly. During the monitoring period, the values of landscape diversity index and evenness index increased, the distribution of landscape patches showed a trend of equalization and uniformity, but the patch density increased and the aggregation index decreased. The long-term disturbance of human activities has aggravated the degree of fragmentation in Huzhou City. The demand for ecological footprint fluctuated before and after 2010, showing the trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and ecological carrying capacity fluctuating before and after 2005, showing the trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The results of ecological deficit / surplus analysis show that the demand for ecological footprint is higher than the supply of ecological carrying capacity, and the sustainable development of ecological system in Huzhou is seriously threatened.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X171;X87

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