本文選題：滇中紅層區(qū) + 景觀農(nóng)業(yè)　； 參考：《云南師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：滇中紅層區(qū)是云南省地貌區(qū)劃之一,地處云南中部,區(qū)內(nèi)中生代紅色地層廣布,其間壩子星羅棋布,是云南省盆地最為集中的區(qū)域之一。特殊的地理環(huán)境條件使整個區(qū)域內(nèi)部降水少,部分干熱河谷地帶存在焚風(fēng)效應(yīng),加劇了區(qū)內(nèi)的干旱,獨特而脆弱的農(nóng)業(yè)地理環(huán)境和不合理的土地利用方式使滇中紅層區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境日益惡化。因此,滇中紅層區(qū)急需找到一種既能充分利用農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境資源創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟(jì)價值又能維持區(qū)域生態(tài)平衡的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式。通過對滇中紅層區(qū)景觀農(nóng)業(yè)配置,既可以保持區(qū)域生態(tài)平衡,又可以增加旅游吸引力,為滇中紅層區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)提供新的發(fā)展方向。本文借助云南省社會經(jīng)濟(jì)研究計劃重大項目“多學(xué)科高技術(shù)支持下的云南城鎮(zhèn)上山基礎(chǔ)研究”的子課題“云南城鎮(zhèn)上山的地理環(huán)境系統(tǒng)背景研究”相關(guān)研究成果并結(jié)合滇中紅層區(qū)地理環(huán)境特征,把滇中紅層區(qū)劃分成干熱河谷區(qū)和原上緩丘區(qū)。利用云南省DEM數(shù)據(jù)在ArcGis軟件中提取出坡度小于8°且面積大于10 Km2的平地并結(jié)合坡度和等高線數(shù)據(jù)得到滇中紅層區(qū)主要盆地數(shù)據(jù),以滇中紅層區(qū)地理環(huán)境區(qū)劃為依據(jù),把滇中紅層區(qū)主要盆地類型劃分為:金沙江、元江干熱谷盆、原上緩丘盆地兩種類型。從景觀生態(tài)學(xué)的角度分析不同盆地類型中的景觀類型、結(jié)構(gòu)和功能,提出各類型盆地的景觀格局優(yōu)化思路,得到生態(tài)安全的景觀格局模式�；诰坝^格局模式,從景觀形式美學(xué)、景觀意境流的角度,分析總結(jié)滇中紅層區(qū)景觀農(nóng)業(yè)的配置模式。盆地所處地貌區(qū)不一樣,景觀格局特征也不一樣,利用景觀格局基本原理對每種類型盆地的景觀農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)行要素現(xiàn)狀分析,得出各景觀系統(tǒng)的生態(tài)安全格局模式:?金沙江、元江干熱谷盆—“帶狀對稱”結(jié)構(gòu)。其亞類景觀安全格局為:河流階地—以道路網(wǎng)、河流、植被緩沖帶為廊道,農(nóng)田耕地為基質(zhì)的“線—面景觀布局格局”;谷盆中山緩坡帶—以坡耕地、灌木林地和聚落為景觀斑塊,道路和溝渠網(wǎng)為廊道的“均勻景觀格局”;谷盆中山陡坡帶—以坡耕地、草地為斑塊,灌木林地沿山脊線平行分布為基質(zhì)的“平行景觀格局”。?原上緩丘盆地—“同心圓環(huán)狀”結(jié)構(gòu)。其亞類景觀安全格局為:平壩區(qū)—由聚落、防護(hù)林網(wǎng)和耕地構(gòu)成的“斑塊—廊道—基質(zhì)景觀格局”;盆地邊緣山麓帶—由聚落帶、坡耕地和灌木林帶構(gòu)成的“帶狀景觀格局”;盆地邊緣山坡帶—以灌木林地為基質(zhì),以草地為斑塊的“自然山地景觀格局”�；诟髋璧仡愋途坝^系統(tǒng)生態(tài)安全格局,運用景觀形式美來配置盆地景觀農(nóng)業(yè)。?金沙江、元江干熱谷盆景觀農(nóng)業(yè)配置主要圍繞其“帶狀對稱”的格局特點,以河流曲線為主線,配置成既有河流階地的平面曲線美,又有兩岸山體的峻拔立體之美的景觀農(nóng)業(yè)模式:“階地曲線—緩坡多彩—陡坡綠帶”模式。?原上緩丘盆地景觀農(nóng)業(yè)配置主要圍繞“同心圓環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)”的格局特點,配置成在外層原始自然環(huán)境包圍下的具有色彩、線條、斑塊和平面美的景觀農(nóng)業(yè)模式:“平壩長林方田、多彩農(nóng)田—山麓景觀帶—山坡自然綠地”模式。
[Abstract]:The central Yunnan red layer is one of the geomorphologic divisions of Yunnan province. It is located in the middle of Yunnan. The Mesozoic red strata are widely distributed in the middle of Yunnan. The middle of the region is the most concentrated area in the Yunnan province. The special geographical conditions make the whole region less precipitation, and some dry hot river valley zone has the effect of the burning wind, which aggravates the drought in the region alone. The special and fragile agricultural geographical environment and unreasonable land use make the ecological environment of the red layer in Central Yunnan increasingly worsening. Therefore, it is urgent to find a kind of agricultural production formula which can make full use of agricultural environmental resources to create economic value and maintain regional ecological balance in Central Yunnan. We can not only maintain the ecological balance of the region, but also increase the attraction of tourism, and provide a new direction for the agriculture in the red layer area of central Yunnan. This paper, with the help of the major project of the Yunnan province social and economic research project, "the basic research of the Yunnan town uphill under the support of multi-disciplinary and high technology", "the geographical environment system background of the Yunnan town." The red layer area of central Yunnan is divided into dry hot valley area and original gentle hillock area. Using the DEM data of Yunnan Province, the main basin data of the red layer area in Central Yunnan are obtained by using the data of DEM in ArcGis software to extract the slope less than 8 degrees and the area more than 10 Km2. Based on the geographical regionalization of the red layer in Central Yunnan, the main types of basin in the red bed area of central Yunnan are divided into two types: Jinsha River, Yuanjiang dry hot valley basin and the original gentle hilly basin. The landscape pattern, structure and function of different basin types are analyzed from the perspective of landscape ecology, and the optimization ideas of the landscape patterns of various types of basins are proposed. Based on landscape pattern pattern, from the view of landscape form aesthetics and landscape artistic conception flow, this paper analyzes and summarizes the configuration mode of landscape agriculture in the red layer of central Yunnan. The geomorphic areas of the basin are different and the landscape patterns are different. The landscape agriculture of each type of basin is made by the basic principle of landscape pattern. The ecological security pattern of each landscape system: Jinsha River, Yuanjiang dry hot valley basin - "banded symmetry" structure. The subclass landscape safety pattern is the river terrace - the road network, the river, the vegetation buffer zone as the corridor, the farmland as the matrix "line to surface landscape layout pattern"; the Valley Zhongshan gentle slope belt to the slope Cultivated land, shrub land and settlement are landscape patches, road and channel network are the "uniform landscape pattern" of corridor; the valley basin Zhongshan steep slope belt - sloping arable land, grassland as patches, shrub land parallel to the ridge line as the "parallel landscape pattern". The bureau is: the Pingba area - a "patch - corridor - matrix landscape pattern" composed of settlements, shelterbelts and arable land; the edge Piedmont of the basin - the "banded landscape pattern" composed of the settlement belt, sloping arable land and shrub belt, the edge of the basin - the shrub forest as the matrix, and the "natural mountain landscape pattern" with grassland as a patch. Based on the ecological security pattern of each basin type landscape system, the landscape agriculture of the basin is configured with the beauty of landscape form. The landscape agriculture of the Yuanjiang dry hot valley basin is mainly centered around the pattern characteristic of "banded symmetry", with the river curve as the main line, which is arranged into the plane curve beauty of the existing river terrace and the steep elevation of the cross straits mountains. The landscape agriculture model of the beauty of body: "terrace curve, slow slope colourful and steep slope green belt" model. The landscape agricultural configuration of the original gentle hilly basin is mainly centered around the pattern characteristics of "concentric ring like structure", and is configured as a landscape agricultural model with color, line, patch and flat beauty surrounded by the original natural environment of outer layer: "the length of flat dam" Lin Fangtian, the colorful farmland - the Piedmont landscape belt - hillside natural green space.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU982.29;P901

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