本文選題：海珠濕地　切入點(diǎn)：水景植物景觀　出處：《仲愷農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市濕地公園是一個(gè)城市重要的生態(tài)核心,而水景植物景觀是一個(gè)濕地區(qū)域的主要自然景觀,如何通過(guò)水景植物景觀規(guī)劃使?jié)竦厮熬坝^充分表現(xiàn),是濕地公園景觀營(yíng)造的關(guān)鍵。水景景觀既要滿足景觀要求,又要得到游客的肯定,了解評(píng)價(jià)水景景觀表現(xiàn)的方法的應(yīng)用也是濕地公園景觀建設(shè)中的重要部分。本文以海珠濕地綠心湖景區(qū)和周邊花溪景區(qū)為例,通過(guò)運(yùn)用SBE法結(jié)合實(shí)地調(diào)研的問(wèn)卷,對(duì)海珠濕地內(nèi)部水景植物景觀進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),篩選出美景度較高的水景植物垂直結(jié)構(gòu)、研究分析水景植物景觀中的各項(xiàng)景觀因子及不同評(píng)價(jià)主體對(duì)景觀評(píng)價(jià)的差異,建立水景植物景觀的數(shù)據(jù)模型,探討海珠濕地中水景植物景觀尚存在的缺陷以及相應(yīng)的提升措施,為今后海珠濕地的進(jìn)一步建設(shè)提供文獻(xiàn)參考。主要結(jié)果如下:(1)在2016年10月至12月,對(duì)海珠濕地公園綠心湖景區(qū)及周邊花溪景區(qū)進(jìn)行關(guān)于水景植物景觀的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研問(wèn)卷,問(wèn)卷參與者40人,獲得有效問(wèn)卷34份,最終分析問(wèn)卷得到有6名參與者提出關(guān)于植物季節(jié)性的問(wèn)題、8名參與者提出色彩單一的問(wèn)題、7名參與者提出景觀中缺乏動(dòng)態(tài)生機(jī),3名參與者提到景觀內(nèi)植被混亂的現(xiàn)象。問(wèn)卷調(diào)研中的數(shù)據(jù)表明,目前海珠濕地水景植物景觀中存在最大的景觀性問(wèn)題就是人工痕跡過(guò)重。(2)通過(guò)對(duì)SBE值的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)喬灌草型植物結(jié)構(gòu)的SBE平均值為0.117、喬灌型植物結(jié)構(gòu)的SBE平均值為-0.213、喬草型植物結(jié)構(gòu)的SBE平均值為-0.187、灌草型植物結(jié)構(gòu)SBE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值為0.093,其中喬灌草型植物結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)值最高,說(shuō)明是最受參與者歡迎的垂直植物群落。SBE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值為1.09的的樣方58,是所有樣方中數(shù)值最高的,其植物垂直結(jié)構(gòu)是以喬灌草比例為3:3:1的紅鞘水竹芋+朱蕉+大葉鶴望蘭+雞蛋花+喜樹的岸際植物景觀群落,可以在景區(qū)內(nèi)增加中樹種組成的水景植物群落來(lái)增加景觀美感度。(3)對(duì)不同的水景景觀區(qū)域的研究中分析發(fā)現(xiàn),水岸植物景觀的SBE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值為0.085、岸際植物景觀的SBE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值為-0.02、水面植物景觀美景度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值為-0.001,其中的數(shù)值差別不大,說(shuō)明參與者對(duì)觀賞區(qū)域的不同并沒(méi)有太大的影響。(4)通過(guò)SPSS進(jìn)行的各類景觀因子的分析顯示景觀因子中植物的野趣程因子的sig值達(dá)到了0.006、空間結(jié)構(gòu)因子的sig值為0.026、植物栽植方式的sig值為0.068、層片結(jié)構(gòu)的sig值為0.059、樹種組成數(shù)量為負(fù)相關(guān)因子,sig值為0.062,sig值即是顯著度的含義,而sig值越小表示該因子的影響越顯著,因此結(jié)果表明對(duì)于濕地水景植物景觀中影響參與者視覺(jué)感受最大的是植物的野趣因子。(5)對(duì)景觀因子的分析之后結(jié)果表明,獲得影響海珠濕地水景植物景觀較大的景觀因子是樹種組成數(shù)量(X1)、空間結(jié)構(gòu)(X2)、植物栽植方式(X3)、層片結(jié)構(gòu)(X4)、野趣程度(X5)和美景度值Y,結(jié)合自身的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)系數(shù),組成的數(shù)據(jù)模型為:Y=-1.2-0.134X1+0.092 X2+0.047 X3+0.083 X4+0.13 X5。根據(jù)模型可以看出:從樹種組成來(lái)看,樹種的數(shù)量越多,美景度值反而越低;從空間結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看,空間結(jié)構(gòu)越豐富,美景度值越高;從植物栽植方式來(lái)看,在植物栽植時(shí)使用常用例如孤植、列植、對(duì)植等栽植方式,美景度越高;從層片結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看,景觀中層片結(jié)構(gòu)特征越明顯,其景觀美景度值越高;從野趣因子來(lái)看,水景植物景觀中的生態(tài)特征越明顯,其美景度值越高。(6)針對(duì)海珠濕地水景植物景觀中存在的人工痕跡嚴(yán)重、植物層次單調(diào)、四季景觀不協(xié)調(diào)、動(dòng)態(tài)景觀缺失等問(wèn)題,結(jié)合了實(shí)地調(diào)研和數(shù)據(jù)分析提出來(lái)了一系列的優(yōu)化改造建議:引進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)土樹種以減弱濕地景觀的人工氛圍;積極營(yíng)造空間變化力強(qiáng)的植物群落來(lái)豐富植物空間結(jié)構(gòu);增加秋冬季相植物,使景觀四季皆有景可賞;控制外來(lái)植物數(shù)量,增加引鳥樹種,引入動(dòng)態(tài)景觀,使整體水景植物空間活潑起來(lái)。
[Abstract]:City Wetland Park is a city ecological core, waterscape plant landscape is the main natural landscape of a wetland area, how to make waterscape landscape planning of wetland landscape waterscape is the key to the full performance of the park landscape, waterscape landscape wetlands. To meet the requirements of landscape, and the visitors certainly understand some methods to evaluate the performance and the application of waterscape wetland park landscape construction. Taking Haizhu wetland Green Heart Lake Scenic Area and surrounding scenic areas of Huaxi as an example, by using SBE method combining with the investigation questionnaire, to evaluate the internal features of Haizhu wetland plant landscape, screened the vertical structure of aquatic plants with high degree of beauty. Analysis of differences in the plant landscape in the waterscape landscape factors and different evaluation subjects of landscape evaluation, the data model of aquatic plant landscape, study Defects of waterscape landscape plants in Haizhu wetland is and the corresponding improvement measures, to provide reference for further development in the future of Haizhu wetland. The main results are as follows: (1) from October 2016 to December, field survey questionnaire on the Green Heart Lake Wetland Park in Haizhu area and the surrounding scenic spot in Huaxi on aquatic plant landscape, survey participants 40 people, 34 valid questionnaires were obtained. The final analysis of the questionnaire by 6 participants on the plant seasonal problem, 8 participants put forward the problem of a single color, 7 participants made landscape in the lack of dynamic vitality, 3 participants mentioned the phenomenon of chaos. The vegetation landscape in the questionnaire survey data show that at present Haizhu wetland plant landscape waterscape problems in the landscape is the biggest artificial trace too heavy. (2) based on the statistical analysis found that the SBE value of Qiaoguan grass type plants structure SBE The mean of 0.117, Joe irrigation plant structure SBE average value is -0.213, Joe grass type plant structure SBE average value is -0.187, shrub and grass plant structure of the SBE standard value is 0.093, the structure of plant grass and shrub type is the highest value, most participants welcome vertical plant communities.SBE standard value 1.09 of the 58 plots, is the highest value in all plots, the vertical structure of the plant is the ratio of shore grass and shrub plant landscape community of 3:3:1 red water + Al + leaf sheath arrowroot + egg + flower Strelitzia Camptotheca acuminata, can increase the water plant community species in the area to increase the beauty of the landscape. (3) the analysis of findings in different areas of the water landscape, waterfront plant landscape of the SBE standard value is 0.085, waterfront plant landscape SBE standard value is -0.02, the water plant landscape beauty standard value is -0.001, the numerical difference 澶，

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