本文選題：紅葉石楠　切入點：碧蛾蠟蟬　出處：《浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：紅葉石楠為當(dāng)前園林綠化和造林的重要樹種,隨著大量而廣泛應(yīng)用,紅葉石楠上病蟲害的防治已成為當(dāng)前其種植養(yǎng)活過程的重要組成部分。碧蛾蠟蟬作為危害紅葉石楠的主要蟲害之一,目前國內(nèi)外在分類、種群及其對于茶樹等經(jīng)濟樹種的危害和防治較為集中,但對于紅葉石楠及其他一些主要綠化樹種的危害發(fā)生和防治,還少見報道。為系統(tǒng)了解并掌握舟山海島地區(qū)碧蛾蠟蟬的主要生物學(xué)習(xí)性,并對紅葉石楠上碧蛾蠟蟬危害的防治提供參考,本文對舟山地區(qū)紅葉石楠上碧蛾蠟蟬的發(fā)生規(guī)律進行了調(diào)查,并選擇40%殺撲磷乳油、75%敵敵畏乳油、20%氰戊菊酯乳油、10%吡蟲啉可濕性粉劑對碧蛾蠟蟬進行了藥劑防治試驗。主要結(jié)果如下:(1)碧蛾蠟蟬在舟山地區(qū)一年發(fā)生一代,以卵在紅葉石楠枝梢內(nèi)越冬,若蟲于5月上旬開始孵化,5月中旬至下旬為孵化盛期;6月中旬成蟲始發(fā),6月下旬至7月下旬為盛發(fā)期,可持續(xù)發(fā)生至10月下旬或11月上旬。(2)碧蛾蠟蟬對紅葉石楠的危害方式主要有以下4種:第一,若蟲、成蟲刺吸嫩梢的方式為害;第二,成蟲產(chǎn)卵于枝梢上,形成縱向刻痕,造成翌年新梢抽梢率降低;第三,若、成蟲分泌蜜露,吸引蚜蟲、螞蟻等,引發(fā)煤污病等;第四,若蟲爬行時,會在枝條上殘留大量白色蠟絮,影響植株光合作用的進行和景觀效果。(3)田間防治試驗結(jié)果表明4種藥劑3天、7天、10天、15天的校正防效分別為:40%殺撲磷乳油85.1%、96.4%、97.5%、93.9%;75%敵敵畏乳油89.8%、100%、96.1%、93.8%;10%吡蟲啉可濕性粉劑80.3%、82.1%、84.4%、79.8%;20%氰戊菊酯乳油86.1%、94.6%、96.8%、94.7%。從試驗效果來看,幾種藥劑的防治效果依次為殺撲磷乳油、氰戊菊酯乳油敵敵畏乳油吡蟲啉可濕性粉劑。(4)從防治效果、安全性、價格、市場實際需求等多方面綜合情況來看,在現(xiàn)實生產(chǎn)中,對于紅葉石楠上碧蛾蠟蟬的防治,推薦采用敵敵畏乳油和吡蟲啉可濕性粉劑,相對經(jīng)濟實惠,容易采購且能達到基本的防治效果。
[Abstract]:As an important tree species for landscaping and afforestation, Photinia rugosa has been widely used in many fields. The control of diseases and insect pests on Photinia mandshurica has become an important part of its current planting and feeding process. As one of the main pests that harm Photinia rubrum, it is classified at home and abroad. The population, its harm to economic tree species such as tea and its prevention and control are concentrated, but to the occurrence and control of the harm to the red leaf Photinia and some other main greening tree species, It is also a rare report. It is helpful to understand and master the main biological habits of the wax cicada in Zhoushan island area, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of the harm of the wax cicada on the red leaf Photinia. In this paper, the occurrence regularity of the cicadas on Photinia mandshurica in Zhoushan area was investigated. The experiment was carried out with 75% dichlorvos and 20% fenvalerate and 10% imidacloprid wettable powder to control the cicadas. The main results are as follows: 1) the cicadas have a first generation of wax in Zhoushan area. Eggs were overwintering in the branches of Photinia rubrum, nymphs hatched on early May and hatched from middle of May to late days. Sustainable occurrence to late October or early November.) the harmfulness mode of wax cicada to Photinia rubrum is mainly as follows: first, nymphs, adults are hurt by the way of sucking young shoots; second, adults lay eggs on branches and form longitudinal marks. The rate of shoot sprouting will decrease the following year; third, if adults secrete nectar, attract aphids, ants and so on, cause coal stain, etc.; 4th, nymphs will remain a large amount of white wax floc on the branches when crawling, The results of field control experiments on plant photosynthesis and landscape effects showed that the corrected control effects of the four insecticides in the range of 3 days, 7 days, 10 days and 15 days, respectively, were as follows: 80. 40%, 85.1%, 96. 4%, 97. 5%, 75% dichlorvos emulsifiable oil 89. 896. 893. 810% imidacloprid wettable powder 80.32.11%, 84.4%, 79.8%, 20% cyanocyanide, respectively. Fenvalerate emulsifiable oil 86.1% 94.6% and 96.8% 94.7%. From the point of view of the effect of the experiment, The control effects of several kinds of medicament are as follows: fenvalerate EC, DDVP EC, imidacloprid wettable powder, etc.) from the comprehensive situation of control effect, safety, price, market actual demand and so on, in the actual production, It is recommended that dichlorvos emulsifiable oil and imidacloprid wettable powder should be used to control the cicadas on Photinia mandshurica, which is relatively economical, easy to purchase and can achieve basic control effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S436.8

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