發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-01 14:16

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居 建筑裝飾 風(fēng)格嬗變 空間意象 意境建構(gòu)　出處：《江南大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文將蘇南地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾作為一個(gè)整體對(duì)象,通過(guò)深入的實(shí)地考察調(diào)研和文獻(xiàn)資料分析,從設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)、建構(gòu)文化等視角展開(kāi)研究,探索蘇南地區(qū)明末至民國(guó)期間傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾的生成機(jī)制、類(lèi)型特征、空間屬性、風(fēng)格嬗變和意境營(yíng)造,揭示其精神內(nèi)涵、設(shè)計(jì)理念與設(shè)計(jì)方法。對(duì)蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾的自然條件及人文語(yǔ)境展開(kāi)分析。蘇南地區(qū)的自然環(huán)境和資源、明清時(shí)期的社會(huì)變革、經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展繁榮、工匠制度的流變、市民工商階層的崛起、文人士大夫的獨(dú)立精神與隱逸情趣以及相關(guān)藝術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展等因素共同孕育了蘇南民居建筑裝飾的杰出成就和鮮明特征。厘清集木雕、磚雕、石雕、彩畫(huà)于一體的蘇南民居裝飾體系,從載體、工藝等角度歸納其藝術(shù)特色。依據(jù)裝飾與建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的不同關(guān)系,將蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾分為“結(jié)構(gòu)性裝飾”與“附加性裝飾”兩大類(lèi)型。結(jié)構(gòu)性裝飾在保證結(jié)構(gòu)功能的前提下對(duì)建筑構(gòu)件本體進(jìn)行適度的工藝處理,具有程式化、有機(jī)性、適宜性和整體性等特點(diǎn)。附加性裝飾則更注重視覺(jué)形式和象征意義的表達(dá),更加具有相對(duì)獨(dú)立于建筑結(jié)構(gòu)本體的藝術(shù)審美價(jià)值。系統(tǒng)解析了蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾的精神內(nèi)涵與圖式結(jié)構(gòu)。從“崇文尚教與文人符號(hào)”、“教化圖本與世俗風(fēng)貌”、“吉祥寓意與宗教信仰”三個(gè)方面對(duì)其題材進(jìn)行分類(lèi)解析并歸納出四大類(lèi)典型的構(gòu)成圖式�？偨Y(jié)出向心式、截景式、長(zhǎng)卷式、散點(diǎn)式等典型圖式所遵循的吸附聚合、以小觀大、有序鋪陳以及適形同構(gòu)等基本構(gòu)成規(guī)律。從“秩序”和“虛實(shí)”兩個(gè)認(rèn)知維度擴(kuò)充了民居裝飾的空間屬性。根據(jù)民居空間的功能邏輯和等級(jí)差異,建筑裝飾建立視覺(jué)形式、象征語(yǔ)義與秩序空間之間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,從而體現(xiàn)價(jià)值觀念和強(qiáng)化等級(jí)秩序。闡明建筑裝飾通過(guò)“創(chuàng)建空間層次”、“營(yíng)造復(fù)合空間”等途徑生成虛實(shí)空間,拓展民居空間的內(nèi)涵和外延。對(duì)蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾風(fēng)格進(jìn)行分期和斷代。將其發(fā)展演變劃分為“發(fā)育期(明末至順治)”、“定型期(康熙至嘉慶)”以及“變革期(嘉慶晚期至民國(guó))”三個(gè)時(shí)期。結(jié)合社會(huì)思潮與價(jià)值取向的流變,對(duì)“經(jīng)世致用與尚雅擯俗”、“崇情尚美與工巧繁麗”、“因循固化與中西交融”三種風(fēng)格特征展開(kāi)背景分析與成因總結(jié)。深入探究了民居裝飾語(yǔ)言與生活觀念的互動(dòng)機(jī)制,提出包括情境、畫(huà)境、詩(shī)境在內(nèi)的民居建筑裝飾意境的建構(gòu)體系。探明蘇南民居建筑裝飾建構(gòu)情感體驗(yàn)、圖式審美和詩(shī)意境界的具體途徑,即指向“情境建構(gòu)”的清晰體現(xiàn)宗法倫理意識(shí)的儒家情懷、雅致清逸的文人情趣以及直抒胸臆的世俗情韻;指向“畫(huà)境建構(gòu)”的經(jīng)營(yíng)位置、隨類(lèi)賦彩和傳移模寫(xiě);指向“詩(shī)境建構(gòu)”的虛實(shí)相濟(jì)與境生象外、文本指引與點(diǎn)題立意以及托物言志與閑情偶寄。三位一體的裝飾意境建構(gòu)促成了蘇南民居建筑的空間體驗(yàn)由形式審美向精神境界的躍升。
[Abstract]:The traditional residential architectural area of South of Jiangsu as a whole object, through in-depth investigation and analysis of literature, from the design, research from the perspective of cultural construction, to explore the South of Jiangsu region in the late Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China during the generation mechanism of decoration in traditional residences type characteristics, spatial attribute, style evolution and artistic conception. Reveals the spiritual connotation, design concepts and design methods. To analyze the residential architectural tradition of South of Jiangsu natural conditions and cultural context. The South of Jiangsu area of the natural environment and resources, the Ming and Qing Dynasties, social change, economic development and prosperity, the rise of the public system of rheological craftsmen, industrial and commercial sectors, the vigorous development of factors such as the spirit of independence and seclusion taste of literati and art create outstanding achievements of South of Jiangsu residential building decoration and distinctive features. To clarify the set of wood carvings, brick carvings, Stone, from South of Jiangsu residential decorative painting carrier system, in one process, concludes its artistic characteristics. According to the different relationship between decoration and building structure, the decoration of houses in South of Jiangsu are divided into "traditional structural decoration" and "additional decoration". The two types of structural decoration in the guarantee function of building structure the component body process with moderate, stylized, organic, suitability and holistic features. Additional decoration is more emphasis on the expression of visual form and symbolic significance, is more independent of the structure of body art and aesthetic value. The system analysis of the residential architectural tradition of South of Jiangsu spirit connotation and schema structure. From the "Chongwen is the literati and the symbol", "enlightenment picture and secular character", "classification and analysis to its theme three aspects of auspicious and religion" This paper summarizes four typical composition schema. Summed up the centripetal, scroll section type, type, type and other typical adsorption scatter schema followed by polymerization, small view, orderly and elaborate conformal isomorphism basic law. From the "order" and "actual" two cognitive dimension expansion the spatial attribute of residential decoration. According to the function of residential space logic and the level difference, building decoration building visual form, the relationship between semantic and symbolic order space, which reflects the values and strengthen the level order. Clarify the architectural decoration by "building space level", "how to build a composite space" the formation of virtual space, connotation and the extension of the development of residential space. The staging and dating of the decorative style of traditional dwellings in South of Jiangsu. Its development is divided into "development period (from the late Ming Dynasty to the Shunzhi)", "period (Kangxi to Jia Qing)" And the revolution period (late Jiaqing to the Republic of China) "three periods. Combined with the rheological trends of social thought and value orientation, the" practical and elegant to vulgar "," the high feeling of beauty and exquisite Magnificence "," analysis and summary of background for three features following solidification and the blend of Chinese and Western style deeply. To explore the interaction mechanism of residential decoration language and the concept of life, including the situation, poetry, painting, architecture decoration of houses. The conception of the proven South of Jiangsu residential architectural construction of emotional experience, specific ways of schema aesthetic and poetic realm, that is to "construct the situation" clearly reflect the patriarchal ethical consciousness of Confucian feelings. The literati taste elegant Seiitsu and secular sentiment towards the "straight from the heart; painting construction" operating position, and with the type of color shift mode; pointing to "poetic construction" and combining with the condition Text, guidance and topic conception and "xianqingouji. Decorative and artistic conception construction of three-in-one contributed to the experience of South of Jiangsu residential building space form to the aesthetic realm of spirit jumped.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU241.5

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