本文關鍵詞： 蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居 建筑裝飾 風格嬗變 空間意象 意境建構　出處：《江南大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文將蘇南地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾作為一個整體對象,通過深入的實地考察調研和文獻資料分析,從設計學、建構文化等視角展開研究,探索蘇南地區(qū)明末至民國期間傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾的生成機制、類型特征、空間屬性、風格嬗變和意境營造,揭示其精神內涵、設計理念與設計方法。對蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾的自然條件及人文語境展開分析。蘇南地區(qū)的自然環(huán)境和資源、明清時期的社會變革、經濟的發(fā)展繁榮、工匠制度的流變、市民工商階層的崛起、文人士大夫的獨立精神與隱逸情趣以及相關藝術的蓬勃發(fā)展等因素共同孕育了蘇南民居建筑裝飾的杰出成就和鮮明特征。厘清集木雕、磚雕、石雕、彩畫于一體的蘇南民居裝飾體系,從載體、工藝等角度歸納其藝術特色。依據(jù)裝飾與建筑結構的不同關系,將蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾分為“結構性裝飾”與“附加性裝飾”兩大類型。結構性裝飾在保證結構功能的前提下對建筑構件本體進行適度的工藝處理,具有程式化、有機性、適宜性和整體性等特點。附加性裝飾則更注重視覺形式和象征意義的表達,更加具有相對獨立于建筑結構本體的藝術審美價值。系統(tǒng)解析了蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾的精神內涵與圖式結構。從“崇文尚教與文人符號”、“教化圖本與世俗風貌”、“吉祥寓意與宗教信仰”三個方面對其題材進行分類解析并歸納出四大類典型的構成圖式�？偨Y出向心式、截景式、長卷式、散點式等典型圖式所遵循的吸附聚合、以小觀大、有序鋪陳以及適形同構等基本構成規(guī)律。從“秩序”和“虛實”兩個認知維度擴充了民居裝飾的空間屬性。根據(jù)民居空間的功能邏輯和等級差異,建筑裝飾建立視覺形式、象征語義與秩序空間之間的對應關系,從而體現(xiàn)價值觀念和強化等級秩序。闡明建筑裝飾通過“創(chuàng)建空間層次”、“營造復合空間”等途徑生成虛實空間,拓展民居空間的內涵和外延。對蘇南傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾風格進行分期和斷代。將其發(fā)展演變劃分為“發(fā)育期(明末至順治)”、“定型期(康熙至嘉慶)”以及“變革期(嘉慶晚期至民國)”三個時期。結合社會思潮與價值取向的流變,對“經世致用與尚雅擯俗”、“崇情尚美與工巧繁麗”、“因循固化與中西交融”三種風格特征展開背景分析與成因總結。深入探究了民居裝飾語言與生活觀念的互動機制,提出包括情境、畫境、詩境在內的民居建筑裝飾意境的建構體系。探明蘇南民居建筑裝飾建構情感體驗、圖式審美和詩意境界的具體途徑,即指向“情境建構”的清晰體現(xiàn)宗法倫理意識的儒家情懷、雅致清逸的文人情趣以及直抒胸臆的世俗情韻;指向“畫境建構”的經營位置、隨類賦彩和傳移模寫;指向“詩境建構”的虛實相濟與境生象外、文本指引與點題立意以及托物言志與閑情偶寄。三位一體的裝飾意境建構促成了蘇南民居建筑的空間體驗由形式審美向精神境界的躍升。
[Abstract]:The traditional residential architectural area of South of Jiangsu as a whole object, through in-depth investigation and analysis of literature, from the design, research from the perspective of cultural construction, to explore the South of Jiangsu region in the late Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China during the generation mechanism of decoration in traditional residences type characteristics, spatial attribute, style evolution and artistic conception. Reveals the spiritual connotation, design concepts and design methods. To analyze the residential architectural tradition of South of Jiangsu natural conditions and cultural context. The South of Jiangsu area of the natural environment and resources, the Ming and Qing Dynasties, social change, economic development and prosperity, the rise of the public system of rheological craftsmen, industrial and commercial sectors, the vigorous development of factors such as the spirit of independence and seclusion taste of literati and art create outstanding achievements of South of Jiangsu residential building decoration and distinctive features. To clarify the set of wood carvings, brick carvings, Stone, from South of Jiangsu residential decorative painting carrier system, in one process, concludes its artistic characteristics. According to the different relationship between decoration and building structure, the decoration of houses in South of Jiangsu are divided into "traditional structural decoration" and "additional decoration". The two types of structural decoration in the guarantee function of building structure the component body process with moderate, stylized, organic, suitability and holistic features. Additional decoration is more emphasis on the expression of visual form and symbolic significance, is more independent of the structure of body art and aesthetic value. The system analysis of the residential architectural tradition of South of Jiangsu spirit connotation and schema structure. From the "Chongwen is the literati and the symbol", "enlightenment picture and secular character", "classification and analysis to its theme three aspects of auspicious and religion" This paper summarizes four typical composition schema. Summed up the centripetal, scroll section type, type, type and other typical adsorption scatter schema followed by polymerization, small view, orderly and elaborate conformal isomorphism basic law. From the "order" and "actual" two cognitive dimension expansion the spatial attribute of residential decoration. According to the function of residential space logic and the level difference, building decoration building visual form, the relationship between semantic and symbolic order space, which reflects the values and strengthen the level order. Clarify the architectural decoration by "building space level", "how to build a composite space" the formation of virtual space, connotation and the extension of the development of residential space. The staging and dating of the decorative style of traditional dwellings in South of Jiangsu. Its development is divided into "development period (from the late Ming Dynasty to the Shunzhi)", "period (Kangxi to Jia Qing)" And the revolution period (late Jiaqing to the Republic of China) "three periods. Combined with the rheological trends of social thought and value orientation, the" practical and elegant to vulgar "," the high feeling of beauty and exquisite Magnificence "," analysis and summary of background for three features following solidification and the blend of Chinese and Western style deeply. To explore the interaction mechanism of residential decoration language and the concept of life, including the situation, poetry, painting, architecture decoration of houses. The conception of the proven South of Jiangsu residential architectural construction of emotional experience, specific ways of schema aesthetic and poetic realm, that is to "construct the situation" clearly reflect the patriarchal ethical consciousness of Confucian feelings. The literati taste elegant Seiitsu and secular sentiment towards the "straight from the heart; painting construction" operating position, and with the type of color shift mode; pointing to "poetic construction" and combining with the condition Text, guidance and topic conception and "xianqingouji. Decorative and artistic conception construction of three-in-one contributed to the experience of South of Jiangsu residential building space form to the aesthetic realm of spirit jumped.

【學位授予單位】：江南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU241.5

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