本文關(guān)鍵詞： 城市公園 景觀鋪裝 形式美學(xué)評價 層次分析法(AHP) 游憩行為　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：城市公園作為典型的城市公共空間,應(yīng)具有較高的環(huán)境質(zhì)量。其景觀鋪裝在滿足功能的同時,也需具有較高的美學(xué)價值。景觀鋪裝形式美學(xué)價值的科學(xué)評價,利于營造高質(zhì)量的空間環(huán)境。 本文主要采用文獻研究、實地調(diào)查、模型研究相結(jié)合的方法,作出如下研究： (1)對課題進行基礎(chǔ)理論研究。研究了城市公園景觀鋪裝發(fā)展歷程及其趨勢；對形式美學(xué)、審美及內(nèi)容之間關(guān)系進行哲學(xué)討論；并將構(gòu)成學(xué)引入景觀鋪裝形式美學(xué)研究,從色彩構(gòu)成、平面構(gòu)成、空間構(gòu)成三個方面進行詳細的分析。 (2)確定了以空間類型進行分類探討、以構(gòu)成學(xué)為主要方向的形式美學(xué)評價研究思路。游憩行為與園林空間形態(tài)、特點及功能具有密切的聯(lián)系,由此推及到景觀鋪裝因空間類型不同而各具特點。以此為切入點,將城市公園空間因游憩行為類型分為四類：集散活動空間、健身游樂空間、步行游覽空間、休憩觀景空間。以杭州市杭州花圃、城北體育公園、濱江公園等城市公園為主要調(diào)查對象,運用形式美學(xué)基礎(chǔ)理論,就色彩、構(gòu)型、肌理、空間等方面對不同類型空間景觀鋪裝的特點進行深入細致的分析。 (3)建立了景觀鋪裝形式美學(xué)評價體系。引入層次分析法(AHP),針對不同類型空間景觀鋪裝的特點,結(jié)合公園使用者對不同類型空間特質(zhì)的偏好,分別歸納總結(jié)影響其形式美學(xué)價值的主要因素,根據(jù)“目標—指標層次結(jié)構(gòu)”建立相應(yīng)評價指標體系。運用yaahp軟件對專家調(diào)查問卷結(jié)果進行分析計算,獲得城市公園景觀鋪裝形式美學(xué)構(gòu)成要素的權(quán)重及其重要性排序。得出以下結(jié)論： 以一級指標權(quán)重來看,各類型空間景觀鋪裝形式美學(xué)評價構(gòu)成要素權(quán)重分別為：集散活動空間：空間構(gòu)成(0.4344)色彩構(gòu)成(0.3381)平面構(gòu)成(0.2275)；健身游樂空間：空間構(gòu)成(0.3959)色彩構(gòu)成(0.326)平面構(gòu)成(0.2782)；步行游覽空間：空間構(gòu)成(0.4923)平面構(gòu)成(0.3327)色彩構(gòu)成(0.1750)；休憩觀景空間：空間構(gòu)成(0.5300)色彩構(gòu)成(0.2408)平面構(gòu)成(0.2293)。在城市公園中,隨著空間尺度的減小,色彩構(gòu)成、平面構(gòu)成對景觀鋪裝形式美學(xué)價值影響減弱,空間構(gòu)成的影響增強。景觀鋪裝的面積越大、面型結(jié)構(gòu)越為完整,越利于色彩構(gòu)成的表現(xiàn)。視域越為狹長的空間中,景觀鋪裝的構(gòu)型越為重要。 以二級指標權(quán)重來看,對各類型空間景觀鋪裝形式美學(xué)影響最大的指標分別為：集散活動空間-尺度比例(0.2151)；健身游樂空間-色彩豐富(0.1627)；步行游覽空間-層次豐富(0.2313)；休憩觀景空間-親切空間(0.2554)。影響最小的指標分別為：集散活動空間-排列規(guī)整(0.0345)、健身游樂空間-排列簡單(0.0365)、步行游覽空間-色調(diào)謙和(0.0515)、休憩觀景空間-排布多變(0.0582)。在不同類型空間對景觀鋪裝進行側(cè)重不同的形式美學(xué)設(shè)計具有現(xiàn)實意義。 (4)提出整體性設(shè)計、分區(qū)設(shè)計、形式與功能相結(jié)合的城市公園景觀鋪裝設(shè)計指導(dǎo)建議。然而,論文仍存在課題分析研究還有待細化,評價指標的標準制定還有待后續(xù)研究等不足。 論文旨在為景觀評價提供可行性研究,為今后景觀鋪裝的設(shè)計提供些參考,促進景觀鋪裝形式與功能的均衡發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As a typical urban public space, the urban park should have high environmental quality. Its landscape paving is also of high aesthetic value while satisfying its functions. The scientific evaluation of the aesthetic value of the pavement form is conducive to creating a high quality space environment.
This paper mainly adopts the methods of literature research, field investigation and model research, which are as follows:
(1) a theoretical research on the subject. On the development and trend of pavement landscape of city park; to form aesthetic, philosophical discussion of the relationship between aesthetic and content; and the constitution study into the study of pavement landscape aesthetics, from plane composition, color composition, spatial composition of three aspects of a detailed analysis.
(2) to determine the type of space is analyzed, the research form of aesthetic evaluation to form the school as the main direction of thinking. Recreational behavior and garden space form, features and functions are closely linked, which applies to different types of pavement landscape due to spatial characteristics. With this as the starting point, the city park space recreational activities are divided into four types: spatial distribution activities, fitness and recreation space, walking space, open viewing space. Taking Hangzhou city of Hangzhou city garden, North Sports Park, Binjiang Park City Park as the main research object, using the form of aesthetic theory, color, texture, spatial configuration, etc. the characteristics of different types of the space landscape pavement in-depth and detailed analysis.
(3) the building of aesthetic evaluation of landscape paving system. Introduces the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), according to the characteristics of different types of space landscape pavement, combining park user preferences for different types of spatial characteristics, respectively summarizes the main factors affecting the form of aesthetic value, establish the corresponding evaluation index system according to the target index hierarchy ". Use of expert questionnaire results were analyzed and calculated by Yaahp software, obtain the pavement forms of city park landscape aesthetics and the importance of the elements of weight sorting. Draw the following conclusions:
The weights of the first level indicators, constitute the aesthetic evaluation of various types of space landscape pavement form factor weights were distributed space: space composition (0.4344) color composition (0.3381) plane (0.2275); fitness recreation space: the space structure (0.3959) the color of (0.326) plane (0.2782); walking tour space: space (0.4923) plane (0.3327) color composition (0.1750); open viewing space: the space composition (0.5300) color composition (0.2408) plane (0.2293). In the city park, with the decrease of spatial scale, color composition, planar impact on pavement landscape form aesthetic value weakened effects of enhanced spatial composition. Pavement landscape area is greater, surface structure more complete, more conducive to the performance of the color composition is a narrow space, landscape pavement structure more important.
The weight of the two level indicators, various types of landscape aesthetics pavement forms the greatest impact indicators are: the proportion of distributed space scale (0.2151); fitness recreation space is rich in color (0.1627); a walking tour of space - rich layers (0.2313); open viewing space - friendly space (0.2554). Minimal impact the indicators are: distributed event space arrangement (0.0345), fitness recreation space - simple arrangement (0.0365), a walking tour of space - tone (0.0515), and open viewing space arrangement (0.0582). In the changing of different types of space on the pavement landscape has realistic significance on aesthetic design of different form.
(4) put forward the advice of urban park landscape paving design combining holistic design, zoning design and form and function. However, there are still some problems to be solved in project analysis and research.
The purpose of this paper is to provide a feasibility study for landscape evaluation, and to provide some reference for the design of landscape paving in the future, and to promote the balanced development of the form and function of landscape paving.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU986.42

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